Notes in 01 Pulmonary Neoplasms

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	06/26/2023
Published	06/26/2023	Most common new cancer dxMales: {{c1::prostate}}, {{c1::lung / bronchus}}, ColonFemales: {{c2::breast}}, {{c2::lungs}}, colonMost commo…
Published	06/26/2023	Risk factors of Lung cancer:{{c1::Smoking}}- Responsible for 80-90% of lung cancers{{c1::Genetic}}- Family hx, individual predisposition- around 10-15…
Published	06/26/2023	Risk factors continued:{{c1::COPD}}- active smokers with copd are at higher risk than those without {{c1::copd}}{{c2::Age}}- Older- increased risk as …
Published	06/26/2023	Classification of Lung cancer:{{c1::Non Small Cell lung cancer}}- most common - 75-80%{{c1::Small cell lung cancer}} - 15-20%Other cancers: 5%Metastat…
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Published	06/26/2023	H and P:{{c1::Squamous cell}}- 95% are {{c2::smoker}}s, usually centrally located. Associated with hypertrophic {{c2::osteoarthropathhy}} and {{c2::hy…
Published	06/26/2023	Signs and Sx: Presentation can be subtle and pe may be unremarkable{{c1::HEmopysis}} is typically a sx in pts with airway tumorsLocalized {{c1::pleuri…
Published	06/26/2023	Most common sites of metastatic disease include {{c1::lymph nodes}}, {{c1::lungs}}, {{c2::bones}}, {{c2::brain}}, a{{c2::drenal glands}}, and liver
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Published	06/26/2023	Superior Vena Cava Syndrome:{{c1::Centrally located masses}} obstructing SVCObstruction causes sx that commonly include a sensation of {{c1::fullness}…
Published	06/26/2023	{{c1::Pancoast}} Syndrome:Lung cancers arising in the superior sulcus (apical lung cancer) cause a characteristic:→ Pain in the {{c2::shoulder}} and l…
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Published	06/26/2023	Nail Clubbing:It can be found in normal populationMultiple {{c2::pulmonary diseases}}- Interstitial lung disease, pulm fibrosis, sacroidosis, cystic f…
Published	06/26/2023
Published	06/26/2023	{{c2::Caricinoid Tumo}}r: Well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor: Typically  low grade and atypical / intermediate gradeArises from {{c1::…
Published	06/26/2023	{{c1::Carcinoid}} Syndrome:Secondary to release of  vasoactive substances; {{c1::serotinin}}. Flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasmLess frequent with …
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Published	06/26/2023	DIPNECH: {{c1::diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia}}General proleferation of {{c1::pulm neuroendocrine cells}} that may be co…
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Published	06/26/2023	Solitary Pulmonary Nodule- risk for malignancy: {{c1::solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN)}} defined as a single intraparenchymal lesion <3cm in si…
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Published	06/26/2023	Solid and ground glass Components:{{c2::Partly solid}} lesions with ground glass components:- Malignancy rate of {{c1::63}}%{{c2::Nonsolid}}- only gro…
Published	06/26/2023	{{c1::Ground glass}} on imaging has a grey appearance on imaging, grainy, not clear
Published	06/26/2023
Published	06/26/2023	Role of screening: {{c1::Low dose Ct}} superior to {{c1::Chest xray}}{{c1::LDCT}} scan reduces morbidity and mortality in high risk populations
Published	06/26/2023	Role of screening:Screening with cxr is not recommendedLDCT screening is preferredCXR AND LDCT have high rate of false positiveCounseling pts of benif…
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Published	06/26/2023	Management of Lung cancer:{{c1::Tissue}} dx- {{c1::Ct guided bx}}{{c2::Staging}}- EBUS-TBNA, {{c2::Mediastinoscopy, bx of metastasis}}{{c3::Pet CT}} a…
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Published	06/26/2023	EBUS v/s Mediastinoscopy:In patients with high susp of N2, N4 involvement, either by discrete, mediastinal lymph node enlargement or {{c1::pet uptake}…
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Published	06/26/2023	How to determine if a pt is operable?Anatomy: Stage {{c1::I, II =/- III}}Physiological fx: {{c1::cardiac function, pft}}{{c1::TNM}}
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Published	06/26/2023	{{c1::Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy}} (SBRT): Delivering a highly focused intense dose of radiation on a tumor, while limiting the dose to the s…
Published	06/26/2023	NSCLC: Overall survival by clinical stage according to 8th edition groupingHigher the {{c1::stage}} → higher {{c1::mortality}}Small cell lung cancer s…
Published	06/26/2023	{{c1::Adenocarcinoma }} are generally the subtypes that present with molecular (oncogenes) aberations,
Published	06/26/2023	{{c1::Programmed Cell Death1}}: negative costimulatory receptor expressed primarily on the surface of {{c2::activated t cells}}{{c1::PD-L1}}: Expresse…
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