Notes in Protozoans

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	01/03/2024	Protozoans are {{c1::single}}-celled {{c1::eu}}karyotic  organisms
Published	01/03/2024	{{c1::Trophozoite}} = feeding, growing, dividing stage of a protozoan
Published	01/03/2024	Cyst definitions{{c1::Walled-off cavity within a tissue containing organisms (toxoplasma)}}{{c2::Highly resistant environmental form shed into the env…
Published	01/03/2024	Life cycle of entamoeba histolytica
Published	01/03/2024	Amoebiasis causes {{c1::amoebic dysentery}} and {{c1::amoebic liver abscess (ALA)}}
Published	01/03/2024	Amoebic dysentery
Published	01/03/2024	Amoebic liver abscess (ALA)
Published	01/03/2024	Giardia life cycle
Published	01/03/2024	Giardiasis
Published	01/03/2024	{{c1::Cyclospora}} occurs in immunocompetent travellers, worse in immunosuppressed
Published	01/03/2024	{{c1::Cryptosporidium}} and {{c1::cystoisospora}} infection may occur in immunocompetent but predominantly and worse in immunosuppresse…
Published	01/03/2024	Intestinal apicomplexa (cyclospora, cryptosporidium, cystoisospora) causes {{c1::watery, profuse diarrhea}}
Published	01/03/2024	Toxoplasma gondii life cycle
Published	01/03/2024	3 ways of getting toxoplasma gondii infection{{c1::Infection from contact with cat feces}}{{c2::Ingesting oocysts directly}}{{c3::Ingestion of tissue …
Published	01/03/2024	Babesia looks similar to {{c1::malaria}} on blood film but divides by binary fission
Published	01/03/2024	Diagnosis of babesia via{{c1::blood film}}{{c1::serology}}{{c1::PCR}}
Published	01/03/2024	Management of babesiaMild disease: {{c1::atovaquone}}, {{c1::azithromycin}}Severe disease: {{c2::quinine}}, {{c2::clarithromycin}}
Published	01/03/2024	{{c1::Trichomonas vaginalis}} is the most common curable STI worldwide
Published	01/03/2024	Symptoms of trichomonas vaginalisMostly {{c1::asymptomatic}}: 90% men, 50% womenWomen: {{c1::vaginal discharge, dysuria, “strawberry cervix”}}Men…
Published	01/03/2024	Diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis = mostly {{c1::wet prep microscopy}}, can use {{c1::antigen detection}} or {{c1::PCR}}&nbs…
Published	01/03/2024	Diagnosis of intestinal entamoeba histolytica{{c1::Microscopy}}Looking for cysts10-15 um, 4 nuclei, chromidial barCan detect live trophozoites if “hot…
Published	01/03/2024	Diagnosis of amoebic liver abscesses {{c1::Imaging}}Detection in {{c1::stool}}{{c1::Serology}} usually strongly positive{{c1::Aspiratio…
Published	01/03/2024	Amoebiasis management{{c1::Metronidazole}} for invasive amoebiasisTo kill trophozoitesFollow up by {{c1::luminal amoebicide}} to kill cystsd…
Published	01/03/2024	Giardiasis diagnosis{{c1::Microscopy}}Trophozoites rarely seenCysts very distinctiveIntermittent shedding - {{c1::3}}x samples on different days{{c1::…
Published	01/03/2024	Giardia prevention = “{{c1::Boil it, peel it, cook it, or leave it}}”
Published	01/03/2024	Giardiasis management{{c1::Tinidazole, metronidazole, nitazoxanide}}{{c1::Paramomycin}} in pregnancy{{c1::Supportive therapy}}if diarrhea severe
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