Notes in D.5. Mycosis fungoides

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Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Mycosis fungoides}}The cutaneous lesions typically progress through three stages:(1) {{c2::Inflammatory premycotic phase}}(2) {{c2::Plaque phase…
Published	10/21/2024	Mycosis fungoides: MicroscopicThe {{c1::epidermis}} and {{c1::upper dermis}} are infiltrated by {{c3::neoplastic T cells}}, which often have a {{c2::c…
Published	10/21/2024	{{c2::Sèzary syndrome}}A variant in which skin involvement is manifested as a generalized {{c1::exfoliative erythroderma}}
Published	10/21/2024	Mycosis fungoides and Sèzary syndrome:Different manifestations of a tumor of {{c1::CD4+ helper T}} cells that home to the skin
Published	10/21/2024	Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia:Approximately 30% to 40% of large granular lymphocytic leukemias have acquired mutations in the transcription fact…
Published	10/21/2024	{{c4::Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia}} MicroscopicTumor cells are large lymphocytes with abundant {{c1::blue}} cytoplasm and a few coarse {{c2::a…
Published	10/21/2024	Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia: VariantsT-cell variants - express {{c1::CD3}}NK-cell variants - express {{c2::CD56}}
Published	10/21/2024	Neoplasm that is most frequently presents as a destructive nasopharyngeal mass
Published	10/21/2024	Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma:Tumor cell infiltrate typically surrounds and invades {{c1::small vessels}}, leading to extensive {{c2::ischemic necrosi…
Published	10/21/2024	Plasma Cell Neoplasms and Related Disorders:B-cell proliferations contain {{c1::neoplastic plasma}} cells that virtually always secrete {{c2::monoclon…
Published	10/21/2024	Monoclonal Ig identified in the blood in Plasma Cell Neoplasms and Related Disorders
Published	10/21/2024	Characteristics of M component of Plasma Cell Neoplasms and Related Disorders:Monoclonal {{c1::Ig}} identified in the bloodMW of {{c2::160,000}} or hi…
Published	10/21/2024	Plasma Cell Neoplasms and Related Disorders:Neoplastic plasma cells often synthesize excess {{c1::light chains}} along with complete IgsIn most patien…
Published	10/21/2024	What is the most important plasma cell neoplasm
Published	10/21/2024	Marker used to diagnose and monitor certain diseases, such as multiple myeloma
Published	10/21/2024	{{c2::Multiple Myeloma (Plasma Cell Myeloma)}}:Usually presents as tumor masses scattered throughout the {{c1::skeletal system}}
Published	10/21/2024	Syndrome in which high levels of IgM lead to hyperviscosity of the Blood and it occurs in adults
Published	10/21/2024	{{c2::Waldenström Macroglobulinemia}}Most commonly associated with {{c1::lymphoplasmacytic}} lymphoma
Published	10/21/2024	Disease wherein the common feature is the synthesis and secretion of free heavy-chain fragments. This disease is also rare
Published	10/21/2024	{{c1::Primary or Immunocyte-associated Amyloidosis}}Monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells secreting {{c2::light chains}} (usually of λ isotype) tha…
Published	10/21/2024	Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MUS):Patients without signs or symptoms who have small to moderately large {{c1::M components}} in…
Published	10/21/2024	A plasma cell neoplasm commonly associated with lytic bone lesions, hypercalcemia, renal failure, and acquired immune abnormalities
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma: PathogenesisAssociated with frequent rearrangements involving the {{c1::IGH}} locus on chromosome 14q32 and various proto-oncogeneRe…
Published	10/21/2024	What is the major pathologic feature or multiple myeloma?
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma: MorphologyUsually presents as {{c1::destructive plasma cell tumors}} (plasmacytomas) involving the {{c2::axial}} skeletonBone lesion…
Published	10/21/2024	Red cells stick to one another in linear arrays in smears; due to high levels of M protein
Published	10/21/2024	When tumor cells flood the peripheral blood
Published	10/21/2024	bones most commonly affected in decreasing order of frequency are:
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma: ImmunophenotypePositive for CD138An adhesion molecule also known as {{c1::syndecan-1}}Often express CD56
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma:Clinical Features
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma: Renal insufficiency most important factor
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma: Most common monoclonal Ig (M protein) is {{c1::IgG}} followed by {{c2::IgA}}
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma: Laboratory findingsMost myelomas are associated with:{{c1::3 g/dL}} of serum Ig, and/or{{c2::6 mg/dL}} of urine Bence Jones protein
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma: DiagnosisPresence of CRAB criteria. Enumerate the CRAB criteria
Published	10/21/2024	Multiple Myeloma: Treatment{{c1::Proteasome}} inhibitors{{c2::Thalidomide}} and related compounds{{c3::Bisphosphonates}}
Published	10/21/2024	Finding typical of multiple myeloma:Levels of polyclonal IgG, IgA (A), and lambda light chain (λ) are {{c1::decreased}} in the patient serum relative …
Published	10/21/2024	What is the disease?Solitary lesion of bone or soft tissueModest elevations of M proteins in the blood or urine may be found in some patients
Published	10/21/2024	What is the disease?Middle ground between MM (multiple myeloma) and MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy Undetermined Significance) and patients are asymptomat…
Published	10/21/2024	Most common plasma cell disorder
Published	10/21/2024	B-cell neoplasm of older adults
Published	10/21/2024	Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma:Plasma cell component secretes monoclonal {{c1::IgM}}May cause {{c2::Waldenström macroglobulinemia}}{{c3::Hyperviscosity}} …
Published	10/21/2024	Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma: PathogenesisAssociated with acquired mutations in {{c1::MYD88}}
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