Notes in OG5.3 Perinatal Asphyxia and Stillbirth

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Published	10/04/2024	Criteria for birth asphyxia:- {{c1::Failure to establish respiration at birth }}- {{c1::Low APGAR score }}
Published	10/04/2024	The only way to ascertain perinatal hypoxia and acidemia is with a {{c1::umbilical cord blood gas analysis}}
Published	10/04/2024	Indication for umbilical cord blood gas analysis:- {{c1::↓ APGAR and asphyxia/hypoxia is suspected }}
Published	10/04/2024	Antenatal cause of perinatal asphyxia → {{c1::Uteroplacental insufficiency}}
Published	10/04/2024	5 components of APGAR:A{{c1::ppearance}}P{{c1::ulse}}G{{c1::rimace }}A{{c1::ctivity}}R{{c1::espiration}}
Published	10/04/2024	Each component of the APGAR score is rated as {{c1::0, 1 or 2}}
Published	10/04/2024	APGAR is assessed at {{c1::1}}, {{c1::5 }} and {{c1::10 }} minutes after birth
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Published	10/04/2024	An APGAR socre of ≤ 4 for at least 5 minutes is a sign of {{c1::perinatal asphyxia}}
Published	10/04/2024	In the newborn period, an infant that demonstrates the following is considered to have {{c1::Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy }}:- {{c2::Met…
Published	10/04/2024	Definition of stillbirth: {{c1::Any child delivered after 24 weeks gestation or weighing more than 500g that did not breathe or show si…
Published	10/04/2024	{{c1::Intrauterine death (IUD)}}: {{c2::Death of a fetus in utero after 24 weeks gestation}}
Published	10/04/2024	{{c1::Antepartum intrauterine death}}: {{c2::Death of a fetus in utero after 24 weeks gestation prior to the onset of labour::definition}}
Published	10/04/2024	{{c1::Intrapartum intrauterine death}}: {{c2::Death of a fetus in utero after 24 weeks gestation during the onset of labour}}
Published	10/04/2024	Neonatal death: {{c1::Death of a liveborn infant within the first 28 days of life::definition}}
Published	10/04/2024	Early Neonatal death: {{c1::Death of a liveborn infant within the first 7 days of life::definition}}
Published	10/04/2024	Late Neonatal death: {{c1::Death of a liveborn infant within the first 28 days of life but after the first week::definition}}
Published	10/04/2024	The 3 most common causes of stillbirth are:- {{c1::Major congenital abnormalities }}- {{c1::Asphyxia }}- {{c1::Unexplain…
Published	10/04/2024	↓ or absent fetal movements → {{c1::ultrasound::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	Ultrasound proof of antepartum intrauterine death → {{c1::Induce delivery with mifepristone and prostaglandin analogues::next best step}}
Published	10/04/2024	perinatal asphyxia = {{c1::hypoxic insult to fetus before, during, after birth due to lack of blood flow or impaired gas exchange}}presents as {{c1::h…
Published	10/04/2024	intrapartum causes of perinatal asphyxia{{c1::uterine}} hyperstimulation{{c1::umbilical cord}} prolapse{{c1::placental abruption}}{{c1::uterine ruptur…
Published	10/04/2024	diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia made after {{c1::delivery}}poor condition at birth = {{c1::low Apgar/failure to respire}}umbilical cord blood gas anal…
Published	10/04/2024	long term complications of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy{{c1::cerebral palsy}}inadequate {{c1::mental development}}{{c1::visual}} +/- {{c1:…
Published	10/04/2024	Investigations of stillbirthmaternal: {{c1::TORCH}} screen, {{c1::Kleihauer}}, {{c1::TFTs}}, {{c1::HbA1c}}, {{c1::anticardiolipin}} Abs, {{c1::lupus}}…
Published	10/04/2024	Management of stillbirthstabilize momempathy and support{{c1::emergency}} delivery if required {{c1::(abruption, PET)}}if non emergency -> inductio…
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