Notes in cardio 20 chf 2

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Published	08/22/2024	{{c1::congestive heart failure}} is defined as {{c2::the inability of the heart to pump blood at a rate high enough to supply tissues of the body}}
Published	08/22/2024	the 2 major causes of systolic dysfunction/HFrEF are {{c1::ischemic CAD hypertension / other non-ischemic causes}}
Published	08/22/2024	the major cause of diastolic dysfunction/HFpEF is {{c1::uncontrolled hypertension}}
Published	08/22/2024	a hepatojugular reflex is a sign of {{c1::congestive heart failure}}
Published	08/22/2024	the most common cause of right heart failure is {{c1::left heart failure}}
Published	08/22/2024	why is BNP useful in evaluating heart functioning?{{c1::typically less than 20% of ANP in healthy individuals, but is equal to or greater than ANP in …
Published	08/22/2024	most dyspneic patients with HF have BNP of {{c1::> 400 pg/mL}}
Published	08/22/2024	a BNP {{c1::< 100 pg/mL}} is highly negatively predictive of HF
Published	08/22/2024	your patient has had a significant increase in their BNP from their last visit. what are you concerned for?{{c1::CHF exacerbation}}
Published	08/22/2024	your patient has left sided heart failure. what changes do you expect to see on CXR over time?{{c1::pulmonary vascular congestion/redistributioninters…
Published	08/22/2024	the first CXR finding in CHF is {{c1::distended upper lung vessels (pulmonary vascular redistribution (congestion))}}
Published	08/22/2024	your patient has a batwing distribution of fluid on their CXR. what are you concerned for?{{c1::alveolar edema - advanced CHF}}
Published	08/22/2024	on CXR, {{c1::Kerley B lines}} are indicative of {{c2::interstitial edema}}
Published	08/22/2024	patients with CHF who are {{c1::asymptomatic and have EF < 40%::criteria}} should {{c2::be started on an ACE inhibitorrestrict salt to < 3 "gms"…
Published	08/22/2024	why should patients with CHF avoid NSAIDs?{{c1::increases fluid retention}}
Published	08/22/2024	how do beta-blockers help with treatment of heart failure?{{c1::- counteracts chronic sympathetic tone- protects against lethal arrhythmias}}
Published	08/22/2024	when should you avoid giving your patient with CHF a beta blocker?{{c1::acute}}
Published	08/22/2024	why do CHF patients have immediate relief (within 30 mins) with diuretics?{{c1::vasodilator effect}}
Published	08/22/2024	your patient is having an acute exacerbation of CHF. why would you give morphine?{{c1::- narcotic - causes vasodilation- reduces "air anxiety"}}
Published	08/22/2024	Signs and sx of CHF?
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