Notes in HPA Axis

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	03/15/2025	The HPA axis is considered as the mammalian ‘[stress] axis’; regulated by a set of [negative] feedback loops. This is a complex neuroendocrine axis.
Published	03/15/2025	What are the core components of the HPA axis
Published	03/15/2025	Basic actions of the HPA axis
Published	03/15/2025	The hypothalamus is positioned at the base of the forebrain and forms the [lateral] walls of the [third] ventricle with the [thalamus]
Published	03/15/2025	The inferior aspect of the hypothalamus [median eminence] – gives rise to the [pituitary stalk], which in turn gives rise to the [posterior] pituitary…
Published	03/15/2025	The base of the hypothalamus contains nuclei, known as the [tuberal] nuclei, which regulate [anterior pituitary gland] function.
Published	03/15/2025	Mamillary bodies \| autonomic centers\| supraoptic nucleus \| tuberal nuclei \| preoptic areas \| paraventricular nucleus \| suprachaismatic nucleus
Published	03/15/2025	The posterior pituitary is connected to the hypothalamus [median eminence area] by the [pituitary stalk] ; also known as the infundibulum.
Published	03/15/2025	What is the embryonic origin of the anterior pituitary?
Published	03/15/2025	Adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH] \| Follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] \| Luteinising hormone [LH] \| Growth hormone [GH] \| Prolact…
Published	03/15/2025	Posterior lobe secretes smaller [peptides]: ADH/AVP increases permeability of [collecting duct] to absorb H2O Oxytocin smooth muscle [contraction] fac…
Published	03/15/2025	Where does the arterial supply of the pituitary originate from
Published	03/15/2025	What does the superior hypophyseal artery supply?
Published	03/15/2025	where does the posterior lobe of the pituitary get blood supply from
Published	03/15/2025	zona glomerulosa \| zona fasciculata \| zona reticularis
Published	03/15/2025	What is the order of control for glucocorticoid secretion (do the gland then the hormone)
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is not an effect of a glucocorticoid
Published	03/15/2025	The secretion of ACTH is [pulsatile] peak in the [early morning, at the time of waking] nadir [lowest] in the [middle of the night]. [Increased] secre…
Published	03/15/2025	Aldosterone stimulates the reabsorption of [Sodium] ions in the [distal tubule] of the kidney. CAR provides a measure of reactivity capacity of the [H…
Published	03/15/2025	Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system \| ANP \| Hyperkalaemia
Published	03/15/2025	True or false
Published	03/15/2025	What is the primary purpose of the cortisol awakening response (CAR)?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following directly stimulates aldosterone release?
Published	03/15/2025	What plasma proteins primarily bind cortisol in the blood?
Published	03/15/2025	Does free cortisol concentration change during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What happens if too much GH is produced in adulthood
Published	03/15/2025	What is enlarged in acromegaly
Published	03/15/2025	what is the most common cause of acromegaly
Published	03/15/2025	Cushing syndrome occurs where an individual is exposed to excessive levels of _______.
Published	03/15/2025	[Endogenous] Cushing's is most often due to excessive secretion of [cortisol]; a result of elevated levels of circulating [ACTH]. The elevated secreti…
Published	03/15/2025	What are common features of endogenous cushings?
Published	03/15/2025	what does the diagnosis of endogenous cushings consist of
Published	03/15/2025	Prolactinoma is the excessive secretion of _______ due to a pituitary tumour
Published	03/15/2025	what are the symptoms of prolactinoma
Published	03/15/2025	what is hypopituitarism
Status	Last Update	Fields