Notes in 03 Breathing Systems

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	12/13/2023	When using a Mapleson circuit, inadequate {{c1::fresh gas flow}} may lead to rebreathing.
Published	12/13/2023	What is the name of the coaxial version of a Mapleson D system with a fresh gas inlet tubing inside the breathing tube?{{c1::Bain circuit}}
Published	12/13/2023	What are advantages to a Bain circuit compared to a conventional Mapleson D circuit?{{c1::Better retention of heat and humidity}}
Published	12/13/2023	The circle system adds {{c1::unidirectional valves}} and {{c2::CO2 absorbers}} to a Mapleson circuit.
Published	12/13/2023	The high fresh gas flow required by a Mapleson circuit causes wasting of {{c1::anesthetic agent}}, pollution of the OR, and loss of patient {{c2::heat…
Published	12/13/2023	The {{c1::circle}} breathing system allows for tight control of inspired gas concentrations and minimizes OR pollution.
Published	12/13/2023	CO2 absorbents contain {{c1::hydroxide}} salts that neutralize {{c2::carbonic acid (H2CO3)}} produced by CO2 reacting with water in the air
Published	12/13/2023	The 2 most common CO2 absorbents used are {{c1::soda lime}} and {{c1::calcium hydroxide lime}}
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Ethyl violet}}, a pH indicator, changes color from {{c2::white}} to {{c2::purple}} as a consequence of ↑ H+ concentration and absorbent exhausti…
Published	12/13/2023	CO2 absorbent should be replaced when {{c1::50}}% to {{c1::70}}% of the granules have changed color
Published	12/13/2023	Granules used as CO2 absorbent are between {{c1::4}} to {{c1::8}} mesh.
Published	12/13/2023	Adding {{c1::silica}} to soda lime increases its hardness, minimizing the risk of inhalation of absorbent {{c2::dust}} and {{c2::decreasing}} resistan…
Published	12/13/2023	Additional {{c1::water}} is added to the CO2 absorbent during packaging to provide optimal conditions for carbonic acid formation
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Desiccated}} absorbent can react with volatile anesthetics to produce {{c2::carbon monoxide}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Which volatile anesthetic forms the most carbon monoxide when reacting with dessicated absorbent?{{c1::Desflurane}}
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Calcium hydroxide}} absorbents (e.g. Amsorb, Litholyme) cause {{c2::less}} degradation of volatile anesthetics.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Compound A}} is byproduct of degradation of {{c3::sevoflurane}} by absorbent and may have {{c2::nephrotoxic}} effects in humans
Published	12/13/2023	Malfunction of either unidirectional valve allow rebreathing of what gas?{{c1::CO2}}
Published	12/13/2023	Malfunction of which unidirectional valve(s) can cause rebreathing of CO2?{{c1::Either inspiratory or expiratory valves}}
Published	12/13/2023	In a closed circle system, the fresh gas flow should equal the patient's {{c1::O2 consumption}} + {{c2::anesthetic agent absorbed}}.
Published	12/13/2023	CO2 is removed from a breathing circuit by an absorber or {{c1::high fresh gas flow}}.
Published	12/13/2023	In a circle system, the dead space begins at the {{c1::Y-piece}}.
Published	12/13/2023	In a circle system, the tube length {{c1::does not::does/does not}} affect dead space.
Published	12/13/2023	Where are bacterial filters in a circle system?{{c1::Expiratory limb}}
Published	12/13/2023	The reaction that CO2 undergoes with soda lime in the absorbent is the following:1. CO2 + H2O → H2CO32. {{c1::H2CO3}} + 2{{c1::NaOH}} → {{c2::Na2CO3}}…
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::High-alkaline}} absorbents (e.g. {{c2::NaOH}} and {{c2::KOH}}) can react with volatile anesthetics to form compound A and carbon monoxide.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::High-alkaline}} absorbents that have been exhausted can spontaneously revert back to its original color if left out without being changed.
Published	12/13/2023	When sevoflurane reacts with a dessicated CO2 absorber, it can produce {{c2::carbon monoxide}} and increase the risk of {{c1::OR fires}}.
Published	12/13/2023	At what pH does ethyl violet change from white to purple?{{c1::10.3}}
Published	12/13/2023	If the CO2 absorber is exhausted and can't be changed, the correct action is to {{c1::increase the fresh gas flow}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Calcium hydroxide lime absorbs {{c1::less::more/less}} CO2 than soda lime.
Published	12/13/2023	What type of Mapleson circuit is this?{{c1::Mapleson A}}
Published	12/13/2023	What type of Mapleson circuit is this?{{c1::Mapleson D}}
Published	12/13/2023	What type of Mapleson circuit is this?{{c1::Mapleson B}}
Published	12/13/2023	What type of Mapleson circuit is this?{{c1::Mapleson E}}
Published	12/13/2023	What type of Mapleson circuit is this?{{c1::Mapleson C}}
Published	12/13/2023	What type of Mapleson circuit is this?{{c1::Mapleson F}}
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Smaller}} granules in CO2 absorbents have higher absorptive surface area.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Larger}} granules in CO2 absorbents have lower resistance to gas flow
Status	Last Update	Fields