Notes in Epid Test

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Published	01/07/2024	any substance or product used or intended to be used to modify or to explore physiological system or pathological states for the benefit of the recipi…
Published	01/07/2024	use of drugs in human condition, not just in medicine but also in diagnostics
Published	01/07/2024	application of drugs and its effects on different organ systems
Published	01/07/2024	studies relationship of drug concentration and pharmacological responses
Published	01/07/2024	Relationship of dose and concentration achieved inside the body
Published	01/07/2024	Deals with the therapeutic use and effects of drugs
Published	01/07/2024	Process by which patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs in doses that meet their own individual requirements for an adequate…
Published	01/07/2024	basis of pharmacodynamics
Published	01/07/2024	Drug action based on physical or chemical properties
Published	01/07/2024	Four kinds of non-receptor mediated drug actions (AMAO)
Published	01/07/2024	drugs that activate receptors
Published	01/07/2024	drugs that inhibit the receptor or prevent the binding of an agonist
Published	01/07/2024	Types of protein targets for drugs (STREC)
Published	01/07/2024	receptor with fastest response
Published	01/07/2024	examples are beta adrenergic receptors and muscarinic cholinergic receptors
Published	01/07/2024	receptors in which extracellular domain binds the ligand or drug and intracellular domain acts as an enzyme
Published	01/07/2024	example of receptors located on membrane spanning molecules that bind separate intracellular tyrosine kinase molecules
Published	01/07/2024	receptors with slow onset of action, promote synthesis of proteins
Published	01/07/2024	two types of dose response relationships
Published	01/07/2024	Concentration at which the drug elicits 50% of its maximal response
Published	01/07/2024	Maximal response produced by the drug
Published	01/07/2024	Max number of receptors bound by the drug
Published	01/07/2024	Equilibrium dissociation constant, concentration of drug that binds 50% of the receptors in the system
Published	01/07/2024	In most cases, what is the relationship between EC50 and Kd Additional notes: potency dependent on the receptor-ligand complex
Published	01/07/2024	EC50 < KdAdditional notes: less receptors needed to achieve response
Published	01/07/2024	Quantifies the minimum dose required to produce a specific response in a fraction of the population
Published	01/07/2024	Receptor activity without a bound ligand
Published	01/07/2024	Activates receptors with maximal efficacy
Published	01/07/2024	Has high affinity for activated receptorsAdditional notes: Receptor needs to be active to achieve an effect
Published	01/07/2024	Activates receptor but not with maximal efficacy
Published	01/07/2024	binds to both activated and inactivated receptor with preference for inactivate
Published	01/07/2024	inactivates a constitutively active receptor
Published	01/07/2024	Binds more to inactivated receptor
Published	01/07/2024	Ability of different agonists in a drug group to have altered downstream effects while activating the same receptors
Published	01/07/2024	prevents binding of agonists
Published	01/07/2024	binds equally to active and inactive receptors
Published	01/07/2024	Decreases agonist potency by binding reversibly to active site of receptor
Published	01/07/2024	Increases ED50Additional notes: more substrate needed to increase chance of binding to a receptor
Published	01/07/2024	Cannot be displaced by a higher concentration of agonists unless spare receptors are present
Published	01/07/2024	Decrease maximal effect (Emax) of the drug
Published	01/07/2024	Decrease agonist efficacy by binding to allosteric site
Published	01/07/2024	Decreases agonist efficacy by binding irreversibly to active site of receptor
Published	01/07/2024	Concentration or dose that causes a specific response in 50% of the population under study
Published	01/07/2024	Dose required to produce a particular toxic effect in 50% of animals
Published	01/07/2024	Dose required to produce a particular lethal effect in 50% of animals (death)
Published	01/07/2024	TI (Therapeutic Index) equation Additional notes: The larger TI, the safer, takes a really big dose to be toxic
Published	01/07/2024	ideal therapeutic window
Published	01/07/2024	relief drug for asthma
Published	01/07/2024	Salbutamol pharmacodynamics
Published	01/07/2024	If patient doesn't respond to Salbutamol after 15 minutes...
Published	01/07/2024	Toxicity response to excessive Salbutamol
Published	01/07/2024	Frequent or continuous exposure to agonists often results in short-term diminution of the receptor response
Published	01/07/2024	Result of excessive stimulation of a receptor, triggered by excess agonist use
Published	01/07/2024	Result of insufficient stimulation of a receptor, triggered by excess antagonist use
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