Notes in 16 Antimalarials, Protozoals, Helminthics

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Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-MALARIA]Which among the following drugs are effective against the erythrocytic stage?Chloroquine: {{c1::+}}Mefloquine: {{c1::+}}Quinine: {{c1::+…
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-MALARIA]Which among the following drugs are effective against the exo-erythrocytic stage?Chloroquine: {{c1::-}}Mefloquine: {{c1::-}}Quinine: {{c…
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-MALARIA]Which among the following drugs are gametocidal against P. falcifarum?Chloroquine: {{c1::-}}Mefloquine: {{c1::-}}Quinine: {{c1::-}}Progu…
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-MALARIA]Which among the following drugs are gametocidal against P. vivax, ovale, malariae?Chloroquine: {{c1::+}}Mefloquine: {{c1::-}}Quinine: {{…
Published	07/30/2024	Familiarize yourself:{{c1::...}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - {{c2::METRONIDAZOLE::DRUG}}MOA: {{c1::Formation of nitrogen free radicals (its nitro group acts as an electron acceptor that gets in…
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - METRONIDAZOLET/FMetronidazole is capable of penetrating the CSF.{{c1::TRUE}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - METRONIDAZOLEAdverse Effect: Nausea, headache, dry mouth, {{c1::metallic taste::something peculiar to metronidazole}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - METRONIDAZOLEVR1) Metronidazole2) Anti-coagulant effect of Coumarin{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - METRONIDAZOLEVR1) Phenobarbital2) Metronidazole elimination{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - METRONIDAZOLEVR1) Cimetidine2) Metronidazole elimination{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - METRONIDAZOLEMetronidazole + Ethanol = {{c1::Disulfiram-like reaction}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]QC: Toxicity1) Metronidazole2) Tinidazole{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - METRONIDAZOLEContraindication: {{c1::Liver dysfunction or failure}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]DOC for symptomatic amebiasis: {{c1::METRONIDAZOLE}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]DOC for giardiasis: {{c1::METRONIDAZOLE}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]DOC for trichomoniasis: {{c1::METRONIDAZOLE}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]DOC for Clostridium difficile-induced pseudomembranous colitis: {{c1::METRONIDAZOLE}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]DOC for reducing vegetative form of C. tetani w/ Tetanus Ig: {{c1::METRONIDAZOLE}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]A patient presents with severe amebiasis, however metronidazole is contraindicated. What is your next-in-line drug of choice?{{c1::Emet…
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]QC: Toxicity1) Emetine2) Dehydroemetine{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - EMETINE / DEHYDROEMETINEMOA: {{c1::Inhibits protein synthesis by blocking chain elongation}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - DILOXANIDE FUROATEMOA: {{c1::Unknown, possible disrupts ribosomes}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]QC: % unabsorbed and retained in the GI tract1) Diloxanide2) Iodoquinol{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]DOC for asymptomatic cyst passers: {{c1::DILOXANIDE FUROATE}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Dose-related peripheral neuropathy is associated with which luminal amebicide?{{c1::Iodoquinol}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Optic atrophy (especially in children given with high doses) is associated with which luminal amebicide?{{c1::Iodoquinol}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - PAROMOMYCINMOA: {{c1::Protein synthesis inhibitor}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - PAROMOMYCIN% unabsorbed and retained in GI tract: {{c1::100%}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA] - TETRACYLINE / ERYTHROMYCINMOA: {{c1::Inhibit bacterial growth, modify the enteric bowel flora and reduce amebic colonization}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Regimen for Asymptomatic amoebic intestinal infection:Give {{c1::a luminal agent:Diloxanide furoate (500 mg TID / 10 days); ORIodoquino…
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Regimen for Mild to Moderate amoebic intestinal infection:{{c1::Metronidazole (750 mg TID / 10 days) + Luminal Agent (D/I/P)}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Regimen for Mild to Moderate amoebic intestinal infection, where metronidazole in contraindicated:{{c1::(Tetracycline OR Erythromycin) …
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Regimen for Severe amoebic intestinal infection, where metronidazole in contraindicated:{{c1::(Tetracycline OR Emetine OR Dehydroemetin…
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Regimen for Severe amoebic intestinal infection:{{c1::Metronidazole (750 mg TID / 10 days) + Luminal Agent (D/I/P)}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Regimen for extra-intestinal amoebic infection:{{c1::Metronidazole (750 mg TID / 10 days) + Luminal Agent (D/I/P)}}
Published	07/30/2024	[ANTI-PROTOZOA]Regimen for amebic liver abscess, where metronidazole is contraindicated:{{c1::Dehydroemetine OR Emetine (1 mg/kg / 8-10 days), followe…
Published	07/30/2024	Classification of Anti-Malarial Drugs Based on the Stage of Plasmodium It Affects Tissue schizonticidestargets the {{c1::hepatic schizonts}}e…
Published	07/30/2024	Classification of Anti-Malarial Drugs Based on the Stage of Plasmodium It Affects Blood Schizonticides Targets the schizonts in the {{c1::ery…
Published	07/30/2024	Classification of Anti-Malarial Drugs Based on the Stage of Plasmodium It Affects Gametocidal Drugs {{c1::ArtemisininsChloroquine & Quinine…
Published	07/30/2024	Classification of Anti-Malarial Drugs Based on Clinical Indication Causal Prophylactic AgentsTargets the {{c1::link between exoerythrocytic an…
Published	07/30/2024	Anti-Malarial Drug ResistanceResistance to an anti-malarial drug arises because of the {{c1::selection of parasites with genetic mutations or gene&nbs…
Published	07/30/2024	Anti-Malrial Drug Combination Therapysimultaneous use of {{c1::two or more blood schizonticidal drugs}} with different modes of action - Allows a shor…
Published	07/30/2024	Malaria in Pregnancy Antimalarial drugs that can be safely given during the 1st trimester (period of growth and organogenesis) of pregnancy{{c1::&n…
Published	07/30/2024	Malaria in Pregnancy Chemoprophylaxis{{c1:: Chloroquine or Mefloquine}} Uncomplicated chloroquine-sensitive malaria {{c1::Chloroquin…
Published	07/30/2024	Malaria in Pregnancy Uncomplicated falciparum malaria during all trimesters of pregnancy{{c1:: Quinine (3 days) plus Clindamycin (7 da…
Published	07/30/2024	Malaria in Pregnancy Uncomplicated falciparum malaria during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy  {{c1::Artesunate + clinda…
Published	07/30/2024	Malaria in Pregnancy Uncomplicated P. vivax & P. ovale malaria {{c1::Chloroquine}}{{c1::Maintained on chlorquine prophylaxis f…
Published	07/30/2024	Malaria in Pregnancy Severe malaria {{c1::IV infusion of quinidine for 24 hours followed by oral quinine (for a total of 7 days) + C…
Published	07/30/2024	Malaria in Pregnancy {{c1::Artemisinin}} is not used for the first trimester
Published	07/30/2024	Antimalarial Drugs: {{c1::Aryl Alcohols::Class}}{{c2::Halofantrine, Lumefantrine::Drug/s}}MOA: {{c3::Formation of cytotoxic complexes with ferrip…
Published	07/30/2024	Antimalarial Drugs: {{c1::Anti-Folates::Class}}{{c2::Pyrimethamine/Proguanil::Drug/s}}MOA: {{c3::Inhibits plasmodial Dihydrofolate reductase (DHF…
Published	07/30/2024	Antimalarial Drugs: {{c1::Anti-Folates::Class}}{{c2::Sulfadoxine::Drug/s}}MOA: {{c3::Inhibits Dihydropteroate synthetase,Analog and competitive a…
Published	07/30/2024	Antimalarial Drugs: {{c1::Anti-Microbials::Class}}{{c2::Doxycycline / Clindamycin::Drug/s}}MOA: {{c3::Protein synthesis inhibitors}}Ant…
Published	07/30/2024	DRUGS USED FOR CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS OF MALARIA{{c1::Chloroquine::Drug/s}}Areas without chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum
Published	07/30/2024	DRUGS USED FOR CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS OF MALARIA{{c1::Mefloquine Atovaquone–Proguanil (Malarone)::Drug/s}}Areas with chloroquine-resistant P.…
Published	07/30/2024	DRUGS USED FOR CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS OF MALARIA{{c1::Doxycycline::Drug/s}}Areas with multidrug-resistant P. falciparum
Published	07/30/2024	DRUGS USED FOR CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS OF MALARIA{{c1::PrimaquineTafenoquine::Drug/s}}Terminal prophylaxis of P. vivax and P. ovale infections
Published	07/30/2024	DRUGS USED FOR CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS OF MALARIA{{c1::False::T/F}}Drugs are only given before entering an area to increase plasma concentration
Published	07/30/2024	WHO/CDC RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MALARIA TREATMENT 2021Drug Therapy: {{c1::Chloroquine}}Clinical Setting: Chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum and…
Published	07/30/2024	WHO/CDC RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MALARIA TREATMENT 2021Drug Therapy: {{c1::Chloroquine, then (if G6PD normal) Primaquine (30 mg base) for 14 days}}Cli…
Published	07/30/2024	WHO/CDC RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MALARIA TREATMENT 2021Drug Therapy: {{c1::Coartem (artemether 20 mg + lumefantrine 120 mg), 4 tab 2x daily 3 days}}Cl…
Published	07/30/2024	WHO/CDC RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MALARIA TREATMENT 2021Drug Therapy: {{c1::Artesunate follow with 7 days oral course of Doxycycline or Clindamyci…
Published	07/30/2024	Give a quinine/quinine-like drug with the following mechanism of action:Inhibition of heme polymerasePrevents polymerization of heme to hemozoin{{c1::…
Published	07/30/2024	Give the indication of Quinine alone:{{c1::mild & moderate falciparum malaria in areas w/ chloroquine resistance}}
Published	07/30/2024	Chloroquine is the DOC for?{{c1::Uncomplicated non-falciparum & sensitive falciparum malaria}}
Published	07/30/2024	Give an indication for Chloroquine:{{c1::1. DOC for uncomplicated non-falciparum & sensitive falciparum malaria2. Chemoprophylaxis: Mala…
Published	07/30/2024	Mefloquine is the DOC for?{{c1::Uncomplicated falciparum malaria (w/ artemisinin)}}
Published	07/30/2024	What is the mechanism of action of Primaquine and Tafenoquine?{{c1::Oxygen free-radical production- Interfere w/ plasmodial ETC during respiratio…
Published	07/30/2024	Half-life: A. Quinidine B. Quinine{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Major metabolite of chloroquine:{{c1::desethyl chloroquine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Longest half-life among quinine/quinine-like anti-malarials?{{c1::Mefloquine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of Action: A. Primaquine B. Tafenoquine{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Give an ADE of quinine and quinidine:{{c1::- Cinchonism Syndrome- Black water fever- Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency- Mild uterine contractions…
Published	07/30/2024	Give an ADE of parenteral quinidine:{{c1::- thrombophlebitis, QTc interval prolongation, arrhythmias, hypotension}}
Published	07/30/2024	In what trimester is quinine and quinidine contraindicated?{{c1::3rd trimester of pregnancy}}
Published	07/30/2024	Potency and Toxicity: A. Quinidine B. Quinine{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Site where chloroquine accumulates causing blurring of vision:{{c1::Retina}}
Published	07/30/2024	Pregnancy Category for Chloroquine:{{c1::Category C}}
Published	07/30/2024	Give common ADE of chloroquine:{{c1::- Unpleasant tase, tinnitus- Vomiting, urticaria, blurring of visionOther ADEs in the table below}}
Published	07/30/2024	ADE of Mefloquine:{{c1::- QTc prolongation- CNS toxicity}}
Published	07/30/2024	Pregnancy Category of Mefloquine:{{c1::Category C}}
Published	07/30/2024	Pregnancy Category of Primaquine and Tafenoquine:{{c1::Category D}}
Published	07/30/2024	MOA of Atovaquone:{{c1::- Oxygen free radical production- Inhibits plasmodial ETC by mimicking ubiquinone in ETC}}
Published	07/30/2024	Indication of Atovaquone:{{c1::Chemoprophylaxis: areas w/ chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria (malarone)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Atovaquone is available in combination with?{{c1::Proguanil}}
Published	07/30/2024	ADEs of Artemisinin and Derivatives:{{c1::- Mild GI symptoms- Type 1 Hypersensitivity rxn- ↑ risk of cardiac conduction defects (QTc prolongation…
Published	07/30/2024	Give a contraindication for Artemisinin and its Derivatives.{{c1::- young children (caution)- 1st tremester of pregnancy- Ingestion of astem…
Published	07/30/2024	Anti-malarial known as wonder drug (specifically in Chinese natural medicine).{{c1::Artemisinin}}
Published	07/30/2024	ANTI-HELMINTHIC DRUGS: {{c1::BENZIMIDAZOLES::Subclass}}{{c2::Albendazole, Mebendazole, Thiabendazole::Drug/s - 3}}MOA: {{c3::Inhibits microtubule…
Published	07/30/2024	ANTI-HELMINTHIC DRUGS{{c1::Pyrantel Pamoate::Drug}}MOA: {{c2::Depolarization of NMJ of intestinal nematodes}}Indications: Highly effective against&nbs…
Published	07/30/2024	ANTI-HELMINTHIC DRUGS{{c1::DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE CITRATE::Drug}}MOA: {{c2::Immobilizes microfilariae and alters surface structure}}DOC for {{c3::filarias…
Published	07/30/2024	ANTI-HELMINTHIC DRUGS{{c1::IVERMECTIN::Drug}}MOA: {{c2::Alters chloride ion permeability resulting to paralysis}}DOC for {{c3::onchocerciasis and stro…
Published	07/30/2024	ANTI-HELMINTHIC DRUGS{{c1::PRAZIQUANTEL::Drug}}MOA: {{c2::increases permeability of nematode cell membrane to calcium}}DOC for all forms of {{c3::schi…
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