Notes in Pathology of the Female Reproductive Tract

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Published	03/15/2025	What are the five main anatomical components of the vulva?
Published	03/15/2025	What structure marks the boundary between the vagina and the vestibule?
Published	03/15/2025	What type of epithelium is found in the mons pubis?
Published	03/15/2025	Which vulval disorder is characterized by hyperkeratosis, irregular thickening of epidermal rete ridges, and dermal inflammation?
Published	03/15/2025	Which cells are responsible for breaking down vaginal glycogen to create an acidic pH?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the name of the longitudinal ridges on the anterior and posterior vaginal walls?
Published	03/15/2025	What are the three main layers of the uterus?
Published	03/15/2025	Which layer of the endometrium undergoes cyclical changes during the menstrual cycle?
Published	03/15/2025	Name the four anatomical regions of the fallopian tube.
Published	03/15/2025	What is the most common type of endometrial carcinoma?
Published	03/15/2025	What feature characterizes the cytology of endometrioid adenocarcinoma?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the precursor lesion for serous endometrial carcinoma?
Published	03/15/2025	What hormonal condition is a primary cause of endometrial hyperplasia?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the histological appearance of uterine fibroids on section?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the name of the condition where endometrial tissue is found within the myometrium?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the most common presenting symptom of endometrial cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which genetic syndrome is associated with a higher risk of endometrial cancer due to mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR)?
Published	03/15/2025	What imaging modality is typically used first in the investigation of suspected endometrial cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the primary surgical treatment for most low-risk (Stage 1) endometrial cancers?
Published	03/15/2025	Which management option is used for metastatic endometrial cancer and involves hormone manipulation?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the term for surgical removal of lymph nodes for staging or treatment in endometrial cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	What type of epithelium covers the surface (capsule) of the ovary?
Published	03/15/2025	Which ovarian region contains neurovascular structures and helicine arteries?
Published	03/15/2025	What pigment is commonly found in hilus cells of the ovary?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the name of the algorithm that assesses ovarian malignancy risk based on HE4, CA125, and age?
Published	03/15/2025	Which tumor marker is specific mainly to the ovary and ovarian cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	What is considered a benign feature of an ovarian mass under the IOTA criteria?
Published	03/15/2025	Which surgical procedure can serve as a protective factor against ovarian cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the most critical factor in the treatment of localized ovarian cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	What type of epithelium lines the ectocervix?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the name of the junction where columnar and squamous epithelium meet in the cervix?
Published	03/15/2025	Which HPV types are responsible for 79% of cervical cancers?
Published	03/15/2025	Which cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade involves full-thickness epithelial dysplasia?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the most common type of cervical carcinoma?
Published	03/15/2025	Which diagnostic test is the most accurate for staging cervical cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following structures is NOT covered by keratinised squamous epithelium?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the function of Bartholin’s glands?
Published	03/15/2025	Which vulval condition is associated with mucin-containing adenocarcinoma cells in the squamous epithelium?
Published	03/15/2025	Which type of vaginal neoplasia is analogous to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)?
Published	03/15/2025	Which type of muscle arrangement is found in the fallopian tube near its junction with the uterus?
Published	03/15/2025	Which type of endometrial carcinoma is associated with atrophy and p53 mutations?
Published	03/15/2025	Which histological feature is characteristic of serous endometrial carcinoma?
Published	03/15/2025	Which characteristic is typical of clear cell endometrial carcinoma?
Published	03/15/2025	Which type of endometrial hyperplasia carries the highest risk of malignancy?
Published	03/15/2025	Which type of fallopian tube cyst is lined by tubal-like epithelium?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is TRUE regarding adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a known protective factor against endometrial cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	In the UK, what is the approximate 10-year survival rate for endometrial cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is considered an intersectional risk factor for endometrial cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which stage of endometrial cancer is characterized by metastasis to the pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes?
Published	03/15/2025	Which management approach is typically used for high-risk or Stage 2 endometrial cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following would be classified as Stage 4C endometrial cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following ovarian epithelial tumors is the most common?
Published	03/15/2025	Which ovarian region is responsible for producing follicles?
Published	03/15/2025	Which type of ovarian neoplasm is associated with steroid hormone production?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is considered a malignant feature according to the IOTA criteria?
Published	03/15/2025	Which condition can falsely elevate CA125 levels, despite not being cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for ovarian cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is an early symptom of ovarian cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which stage of ovarian cancer involves intraabdominal spread beyond the pelvis?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is a protective factor against ovarian cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	Which type of epithelial cell is responsible for mucus secretion in the cervix?
Published	03/15/2025	What is a Nabothian cyst, and how does it form?
Published	03/15/2025	At what age range is cervical cancer most common?
Published	03/15/2025	Which CIN grade has the highest risk of progression to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with cervical cancer?
Published	03/15/2025	The UK HPV vaccination program protects against how many HPV subtypes?
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the vulval skin layers from deepest to superficial:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the layers of the vaginal wall from innermost to outermost:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the uterine layers from outermost to innermost:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the regions of the fallopian tube from ovary to uterus:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the types of endometrial hyperplasia from least to most risk of malignancy:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following diagnostic steps for endometrial cancer in their typical sequence:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the ovarian structures from outermost to innermost:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the stages of epithelial ovarian cancer in order of progression:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the process of transformation zone formation in the correct order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the steps of the UK cervical screening program in order:
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: pathology of female reproductive tract 1
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: pathology of female reproductive tract 2
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: pathology of female reproductive tract 3
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: pathology of female reproductive tract 4
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: pathology of female reproductive tract 5
Published	03/15/2025	Compare keratinised and non-keratinised regions of the vulva
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the characteristics of undifferentiated and differentiated forms of VIN:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare Endometrioid and Nonendometrioid Adenocarcinomas:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the histological features of endometrioid, serous, and clear cell endometrial carcinomas:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the types of endometrial hyperplasia based on features and malignancy risk:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the management strategies for low-risk, intermediate/high-risk, and metastatic endometrial cancer:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the characteristics of the ovarian cortex and medulla
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the three main categories of ovarian neoplasms:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare benign and malignant features of ovarian masses under the IOTA criteria
Published	03/15/2025	Compare HE4 and CA125 tumor markers:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare early and late symptoms of ovarian cancer:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare treatment strategies for localized and metastatic ovarian cancer:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the ectocervix and endocervix in terms of structure and function:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare cervical ectropion and transformation zone formation:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the CIN grades based on the extent of dysplasia
Published	03/15/2025	Compare keratinizing and non-keratinizing types of SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma):
Published	03/15/2025	Clitoris \| Langerhans cells \| Merkel cells \| Bartholin’s glands
Published	03/15/2025	Vaginal adenosis \| Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia \| Squamous carcinoma of vagina \| Clear cell adenocarcinoma
Published	03/15/2025	Parametrium \| Myometrium \| Stratum basalis \| Stratum functionalis
Published	03/15/2025	Cystic structure with thick-walled blood vessels, common in peri/menopausal individuals \| Papillary architecture, high-grade nuclei, psammoma bodies \|…
Published	03/15/2025	Endometriosis \| Adenomyosis \|  Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas)\| Adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube
Published	03/15/2025	1A \| 2A \| 3B \| 4C
Published	03/15/2025	Germinal epithelium \| Tunica albuginea \| Hilum \| Medulla \| Cortex
Published	03/15/2025	BRCA mutation (dHRR) \| Late menopause \| Tamoxifen \| Endometriosis \| Living in the Global North \| Asbestos exposure
Published	03/15/2025	High gravidity \| Breastfeeding \| Progestogens \| Oral contraceptives \| Hysterectomy \| Tubal ligation
Published	03/15/2025	Internal cervical os \| Squamocolumnar junction \| Nabothian cyst \| Transformation zone \| Ectropion
Published	03/15/2025	MRI \| CXR \| PET scan \| Sentinel node biopsy \| HPV & p16 testing
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