Notes in 17GI2

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]NaCl level (1) plasma (2) final saliva
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]tonicity (1) plasma (2) final saliva
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]K+ level (1) plasma (2) final saliva
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]bicarbonate level (1) plasma (2) final saliva
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]HCl production (1) proton pump agonist (2) proton pump antagonist
Published	07/30/2024	What are the 4 types of alimentary glands?
Published	07/30/2024	[VR](1) PSNS stimulation (2) glandular secretion
Published	07/30/2024	What is the parasympathetic innervation of the upper GI tract?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the parasympathetic innervation from the jejunum to the proximal 2/3 of the large intestine?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the parasympathetic innervation of the distal 1/3 of the large intestine?
Published	07/30/2024	Explain the dual effect of sympathetic stimulation of secretion.
Published	07/30/2024	What are the two types of protein secretion in the saliva?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the content of salivary serous secretion?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the content of the salivary mucus secretion?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the favorable pH range for the digestive action of ptyalin?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the 4 main salivary glands? Describe their secretions.
Published	07/30/2024	What are the stages of salivary secretion?
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]salivary secretion(1) sleeping state (2) wakeful state
Published	07/30/2024	Describe the tonicity of saliva at the acini and salivary duct stage
Published	07/30/2024	What are the steps of salivary secretion?
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]Na+ content(1) final saliva (2) plasma
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Cl- content (1) final saliva (2) plasma
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] HCO3- content (1) final saliva (2) plasma
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] K+ content (1) final saliva (2) plasma
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] tonicity (1) final saliva (2) plasma
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] pH (1) final saliva (2) plasma
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Na+ content (1) resting state (2) maximal flow
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Cl- content (1) resting state (2) maximal flow
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] K+ content (1) resting state (2) maximal flow
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] tonicity (1) resting state (2) maximal flow
Published	07/30/2024	Factors that increase salivation.
Published	07/30/2024	Describe the esophageal secretion.
Published	07/30/2024	What are the main secretions of the stomach?
Published	07/30/2024	Locate the oxyntic and pyloric glands in the stomach.
Published	07/30/2024	What are the two types of tubular glands in the stomach?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the main secretions of the oxyntic glands?
Published	07/30/2024	These are the specialized cells in the oxyntic gland that secrete HCl.
Published	07/30/2024	These are the specialized cells in the oxyntic glands that produce mucus.
Published	07/30/2024	Cell in the oxyntic glands that produces intrinsic factor.
Published	07/30/2024	Cell in the oxyntic glands that produces histamine.
Published	07/30/2024	[VR](1) histamine (2) HCl secretion
Published	07/30/2024	Cell in the oxyntic glands that secrete pepsinogen.
Published	07/30/2024	What is the pH of the stomach lumen?
Published	07/30/2024	HCl production process
Published	07/30/2024	What are the contents of gastric juice?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the action of proton pump inhibitors?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the adverse effects of severe vomiting?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the pH at the gastric alkaline barrier?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the secretions of surface epithelial mucus cells?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the effect of food on HCl production, mucus secretion, and bicarbonate secretion?
Published	07/30/2024	Problems in the gastric alkaline barrier can result to?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the organic constituents of the gastric juices?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the pH at which pepsin is active? at which it is inactive?
Published	07/30/2024	Cells that secrete gastric lipase.
Published	07/30/2024	site of vitamin B12 absorption
Published	07/30/2024	Produced by oxyntic/parietal cells and shuttle vitamin B12 to the ileum.
Published	07/30/2024	A disorder in which a patient has anti-parietal cell antibodies, promoting the destruction of parietal cells.
Published	07/30/2024	What are the adverse effects of chronic gastritis?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the cells in the pyloric glands?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the secretions in the pyloric glands?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of gastrin? What is the stimulus for gastrin production?
Published	07/30/2024	What factors stimulate pepsinogen secretion?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the three main substances controlling gastric acid secretion? What are their respective target cells?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the cells that produce gastrin? histamine?
Published	07/30/2024	Describe the phases of gastric acid secretion.
Published	07/30/2024	What is the reverse enterogastric reflex?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the hormones that inhibit gastric acid secretion?
Published	07/30/2024	main inhibitor of gastric acid secretion
Published	07/30/2024	Describe the gastric secretion during the interdigestive period.
Published	07/30/2024	cells that secrete pancreatic enzymes
Published	07/30/2024	cells that secrete water and bicarbonate in the pancreas
Published	07/30/2024	What are the pancreatic enzymes for protein digestion?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the pancreatic enzyme for carbohydrate digestion?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the pancreatic enzymes for fat digestion?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of trypsinogen?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of chymotrypsin?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of carboxypolypeptidase?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of pancreatic amylase?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of pancreatic lipase?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of cholesterol esterase?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of phospholipase?
Published	07/30/2024	What activates trypsinogen?
Published	07/30/2024	What activates chymotrypsinogen?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of procarboxypolypeptidase?
Published	07/30/2024	This is secreted by acinar cells in order to prevent pancreatic autodigestion by neutralizing the remaining trypsin.
Published	07/30/2024	What are the hormones that stimulate pancreatic secretion? What are their respective actions and stimuli for release?
Published	07/30/2024	Describe the phases of pancreatic secretion.
Published	07/30/2024	cells that secrete CCK
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]NaCl level(1) liver bile (2) GB bile
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]water content (1) liver bile (2) GB bile
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]cholesterol level (1) liver bile (2) GB bile
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]bicarbonate level (1) liver bile (2) GB bile
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]acidity (1) liver bile (2) GB bile
Published	07/30/2024	What are the functions of bile?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the components of bile?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the structures in the portal triad?
Published	07/30/2024	What produces bile?
Published	07/30/2024	The bile canaliculi are lined by epithelial cells called ________?
Published	07/30/2024	In the bile ducts, what are the substances that cholangiocytes secrete? What is the stimulus for its secretion?
Published	07/30/2024	pathway of bile when eating
Published	07/30/2024	pathway of bile when fasting
Published	07/30/2024	It is the most abundant substance secreted in the bile.
Published	07/30/2024	Everything else is higher in the gallbladder bile except?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the primary stimulus for gallbladder bile release?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the secondary stimulus for gallbladder bile release?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the three functions of CCK?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the precursor for bile acids?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the primary bile acids?
Published	07/30/2024	It is the addition of substances to lipid-soluble primary bile acids to make the bile salts (water-soluble).
Published	07/30/2024	Contrast the solubility of primary bile acids to conjugated bile acids.
Published	07/30/2024	process of bile acid synthesis and recycling
Published	07/30/2024	What are the 4 possible products of conjugation?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the two substances usually conjugated to the primary bile acids?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the secondary bile acids? Which among them is toxic?
Published	07/30/2024	Where does bile acid synthesis occur?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the result of deconjugation?
Published	07/30/2024	These are active transporters in the terminal ileum that actively pump out conjugated bile acids (that have not fully emulsified in the duodenum) alon…
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]liver bile salt production in (1) present terminal ileum (2) cut terminal ileum
Published	07/30/2024	Conjugated bile acids are also known as?
Published	07/30/2024	[VR](1) stimulation of ASBT (2) blood cholesterol level
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]blood cholesterol levels when(1) inhibited ASBT (2) stimulated ASBT
Published	07/30/2024	[QC]liver bile salt production(1) stimulation of ASBT (2) inhibition of ASBT
Published	07/30/2024	How do bile acid sequestrants lower the blood cholesterol levels?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the 4 possible causes of gallstones?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the secretions of Brenner's glands?
Published	07/30/2024	Where are the Brenner's glands located?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the reason behind developing duodenal ulcers when under prolonged stress?
Published	07/30/2024	What are the cells types in the epithelium of crypts of Lieberkuhn? What are their respective secretions?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of peptidase?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of sucrase/maltase/isomaltase/lactase?
Published	07/30/2024	What is the enzymatic action of intestinal lipase?
Status	Last Update	Fields