Notes in Trauma

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	08/28/2024	Corneal abrasian management is {{c1::aggressive lubrication +/- erythromycin ointment}}
Published	08/28/2024	Diagnosis of corneal abrasian is made with {{c1::fluorescein}}
Published	08/28/2024	A {{c2::corneal laceration}} is a corneal injury that goes into {{c1::stroma}}
Published	08/28/2024	Diagnosis fo corneal laceration is made with {{c1::Seidel test}}
Published	08/28/2024	Management with a corneal laceration with positive Seidel test is {{c1::surgery, since it's an open globe injury}}
Published	08/28/2024	In an orbital fracture, which exam maneuver can be performed to determine if there's an entrapped muscle?{{c1::Forced ductions}}
Published	08/28/2024	Proptosis or enophthalmos, often seen in orbital fractures, can be measured using {{c1::Hertel exophthalmometer}}
Published	08/28/2024	Exam findings to consider with suspected orbital fractures:1. Optic nerve: {{c1::Check vision and color}}2. Muscle involvement: {{c2::Forced ductions,…
Published	08/28/2024	Treatment of orbital fractures is {{c1::empiric Keflex or Augmentin, Afrin nasal spray, no nose blowing}}. Surgery is needed if {{c2::there's signific…
Published	08/28/2024	Treatment of metal in eye is {{c1::remove metal object and rust ring at slit lamp using needle}}
Published	08/28/2024	Anytime you have metal-striking-metal injuries, you must entertain the possibility of an {{c1::intraocular foreign body.}}
Published	08/28/2024	The impact of intraocular metal is {{c1::toxicity to retina}}
Published	08/28/2024	If you have concern for intraocular metal, next best step is {{c1::thin-slice CT}}
Published	08/28/2024	Chemical injuries are best treated with {{c1::irrigation}}
Published	08/28/2024	A patient with a chemical irrigation has a white conjunctiva. This is good news! T/F?{{c1::F: it means that it's been blanched from extreme damage. Yo…
Published	08/28/2024	Sequela of chemical injuries is {{c1::corneal scarring}}
Published	08/28/2024	Acids are (more/less) dangerous than bases for chemical conjunctivitis{{c1::Less}}
Published	08/28/2024	{{c2::Traumatic iritis}} can occur because blunt trauma can cause {{c1::irritation of the anterior chamber }}
Published	08/28/2024	Patients with {{c1::traumatic iritis}} will present with {{c2::painful sensitivity of light}} because of {{c3::iris/ciliary spasm }}
Published	08/28/2024	Management of traumatic iritis is {{c1::topical steroids to reduce inflammation and cyclopegic to dilate eye}}
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Hyphema}} is blood floating in anterior chamber, commonly seen in blunt eye trauma
Published	08/28/2024	Management of hyphema is {{c1::sleep with head elevated (ets blood settle), avoid straining, steroids + cyclopegic (helps with photophobia)}}
Published	08/28/2024	African Americans with hyphema should be further evaluated for {{c1::sickle cell }}
Published	08/28/2024	African Americans with sickle cell anemia and hyphema should avoid {{c1::carbonic anhydrase inhibitors}}
Published	08/28/2024	Patients with hyphema should be followed daily because {{c1::bleeding can get worse and because blood can clog trabecular meshwork}}
Published	08/28/2024	After a hyphema has completely resolved, next step is to check for {{c2::angle recession with gonioscopy exam}} because {{c1::it's possible for ciliar…
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Sympathetic ophthalmia = spared eye injury}} is {{c2::immune mediated inflammation of fellow eye after penetrating injury to other eye }}
Published	08/28/2024	The pathogenesis of {{c1::sympathetic ophthalmia}} is {{c2::uncovering of hidden uveal antigens}}
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Enucleation}}: Removal of entire eyeball{{c2::Evisceration}}: Removal of cornea and internal eye structures (including retina, iris, lens) while…
Published	08/28/2024	Why can rectus muscle entrapment cause bradycardia?{{c1::It's an oculocardiac reflex}}
Published	08/28/2024	The goal of a lateral canthotomy is {{c1::the release the eylid from the bone, allowing the eye to proptose forward and release the blood}}
Published	08/28/2024	Ruptures to the eye tend to occur at the {{c1::limbus}} or {{c2::under rectus muscle insertions}}
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