Notes in Neoplasias

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Published	03/07/2025	The following statements regarding the association of Chronic inflammation to Cancer are true, except:A. Chronic epithelial injury&nbsp…
Published	03/07/2025	The following conditions, in the setting of a precursor lesion are at an increased risk of Cancer, except:A. 38-year-old male smoker&nb…
Published	03/07/2025	The following statements regarding the normal regulatory genes are true, except:A. Apoptosis-regulating genes may acquire abnormalities that result&nb…
Published	03/07/2025	The following statements regarding the fundamental changes in the cell physiology of Cancer are true, except:A. Tumor cells undergo a metabolic switch…
Published	03/07/2025	A 49 years old man presented with a 3.0 cm jet-black, firm nodular mass underneath the skin of the toe. Histologic secti…
Published	03/07/2025	The most common type of abnormality involving proto-oncogenes in human tumorsA.  p53 mutationB. Alteration in non-recept…
Published	03/07/2025	A 59 years old man was operated due to hematochezia (passage of blood per anus) and anemia. A mass was noted in the duod…
Published	03/07/2025	A 75 years old man was admitted due to painless hematuria and weight loss. CT scan revealed a mass at the kidney with possible vas…
Published	03/07/2025	In relation to question number 8, What will be the ideal ancillary test to confirm this gene mutation?A.  Immunohistoche…
Published	03/07/2025	This protein maintains cellular cohesiveness. Loss of which can lead to a malignant phenotype by allowing easy disaggregation of cells, which&nbs…
Published	03/07/2025	This gene encodes a  factor  thatnegatively regulates the WNT pathway in colonic epithelium by promoting the f…
Published	03/07/2025	This anti-apoptotic gene is overexpressed in this neoplasm secondary to a chromosomal translocation involving (14;18) (q32;q21):A.  Merkel&n…
Published	03/07/2025	A 50 years old man who presented with anemia and hematochezia had underwent biopsy and revealed an adenocarcinoma showin…
Published	03/07/2025	In  neoplastic  processes,  mutationsinvolving the p53 protein will disrupt the control and expressi…
Published	03/07/2025	Invasion of tissues, either local or distant is a hallmark of malignancy and can be resolved in…
Published	03/07/2025	The following statements are true regarding Tumor antigens, except:A. Mutated genes (e.g tumor suppressor and oncog…
Published	03/07/2025	The following statements are true regarding tumor mechanisms to evade and escape detection from an immunocompetent host, except:A. During tumor progre…
Published	03/07/2025	An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by familial carcinomas of the colon affecting predominantly the cecum and proximal colon resulting from a…
Published	03/07/2025	A famous actress was noted to have a mutation involving both BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genes, hence the diagnosis of Familial Breast Cancer. She was advised a…
Published	03/07/2025	In this neoplasm, the MYC-containing segment of chromosome 8 moves to chromosome 14q32 placing it close to the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene. …
Published	03/07/2025	This term encompasses how closely tumor cells histologically (and functionally) resemble their normal cell counterparts:A. Anaplasia B. Pleomorphism C…
Published	03/07/2025	The replacement of one mature cell type with another mature cell type, often associated with tissue damage, repair, and regeneration:A. Dysplasia B. M…
Published	03/07/2025	The following statements are true, except: A. Hematogenous spread is typical of carcinomas but also is the favored route for certain sarcomas (e.g., l…
Published	03/07/2025	Benzene, a principal component of light oil; mainly used in printing and lithography, paint, rubber, dry cleaning, adhesives and coatings, and deterge…
Published	03/07/2025	The following cancers are widely to be a result of exposure to Asbestos, except:A. Prostate Carcinoma B. Esophageal Carcinoma C. Pulmonary Carcinoma D…
Published	03/07/2025	Chronic alcoholism is highly associated with the development of this type of carcinoma:A. Gallbladder B. Lung C. Bladder D. Gastric E. Pancreatic
Published	03/07/2025	Which of the following conditions is likely associated with the development of Vulvar Squamous cell Carcinoma?A. Lichen Simplex Chronicus B. Chronic C…
Published	03/07/2025	This substance is a component of ferrous alloys, ceramics, and batteries; by-product of stainless-steel arc welding highly associated in the developme…
Published	03/07/2025	The following classes of genes are targeted by oncogenes, except:* A. Tumor-suppressor genes B. Proto-oncogenes C. Apoptosis regulating genes D. Genes…
Published	03/07/2025	The following are mesenchymal tumors, except: A. Liposarcoma B. Leiomyosarcoma C. Melanoma D. Rhabdomyoma E. Angiolipoma
Published	03/07/2025	The following examples are common Oncogenes, except: A. BRAF B. EGF receptor family C. APC D. MYC E. KIT
Published	03/07/2025	The following examples are common Tumor Suppressor genes, except:A. NF1 B. RET C. RB D. TP53 E. PTEN
Published	03/07/2025	This oncogene is said to be responsible for the development of Pulmonary and Breast Carcinomas:A. PDGFRB B. ERBBB1/EGFR receptor family C. KRAS D. MYC…
Published	03/07/2025	Which of the following tumors is likely to metastasize to the lymph nodes?A. Rhabdomyosarcoma B. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma C. Acute Lymphoblastic Leuk…
Published	03/07/2025	The following tumors are likely to spread via the hematogenous route, except:A. Basal Cell Carcinoma B. Rhabdomyosarcoma C. Osteosarcoma D. Renal cell…
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