Notes in Pregnancy and birth

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Published	03/15/2025	What transporter facilitates glucose diffusion to the fetus?
Published	03/15/2025	Which hormone contributes to peripheral parental insulin resistance?
Published	03/15/2025	What cardiovascular adaptation prepares the parent for blood loss at birth?
Published	03/15/2025	Which two hormones widen the pelvis and increase femoral external rotation for birth?
Published	03/15/2025	What fetal membrane protein dissolves to facilitate birth?
Published	03/15/2025	Which process prevents further sperm from entering the uterus during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What two factors maintain myometrial contractility in labour?
Published	03/15/2025	Which enzyme enables myometrial relaxation by removing intracellular calcium?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the cervical dilation range during the active first stage of labour?
Published	03/15/2025	Which fetal head position is optimal before birth?
Published	03/15/2025	What two methods are used in active management of the third stage of labour?
Published	03/15/2025	Which three factors determine labour progression (the '3 Ps')?
Published	03/15/2025	Which hormone is released in response to suckling and triggers the milk ejection reflex?
Published	03/15/2025	What are the four main components of breast milk?
Published	03/15/2025	What immune-related component is found in both breast milk and colostrum?
Published	03/15/2025	Which hormone is undetectable within 24 hours postpartum?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the approximate duration of the puerperium?
Published	03/15/2025	What percentage of deliveries require assisted delivery?
Published	03/15/2025	What are the two main tools used in assisted delivery?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the threshold for blood loss defining primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH)?
Published	03/15/2025	Name three risk factors for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH).
Published	03/15/2025	What is the most common cause of major obstetric haemorrhage?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the definition of shoulder dystocia?
Published	03/15/2025	What are the two most serious neonatal complications of shoulder dystocia?
Published	03/15/2025	What classification of perineal tear involves both the external and internal anal sphincters and the anorectal mucosa?
Published	03/15/2025	What placental complication involves the placenta covering the cervical os?
Published	03/15/2025	Which placental condition may require an emergency hysterectomy postpartum?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the most common cause of parental death worldwide related to birth?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a mechanism that helps facilitate glucose transfer to the fetus?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the primary function of the mucus plug during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following best describes the process of the second stage of labour?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following changes occurs in the puerperium to prevent postpartum haemorrhage?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a successful assisted delivery?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a common risk factor for shoulder dystocia?
Published	03/15/2025	Put the following events in order for the initiation of parturition:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following events in the correct order leading to fetal membrane rupture:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the four stages of labour in order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following postpartum hormonal changes in the correct order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following management steps for postpartum haemorrhage in order of priority:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the management steps for shoulder dystocia in order of priority:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare late pregnancy physiological adaptations:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare Contractility & Relaxation in Labour:
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the physiological and active management of labour
Published	03/15/2025	Compare the difference between breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding mothers
Published	03/15/2025	Compare Primary PPH to secondary PPH
Published	03/15/2025	Compare placenta accreta to placenta praevia
Published	03/15/2025	Progesterone Block \| Oxytocin \| Prostaglandins \| CRH (fetal) \| DHEAS
Published	03/15/2025	Oxytocin \| Prostaglandins \| Relaxin \| Myosin-light-chain phosphatase \| Fibronectin
Published	03/15/2025	Occipito-transverse (OT) \| Occipito-anterior (OA) \| Restitution \| Uterotonics \| +5 station
Published	03/15/2025	Oxytocin \| Colostrum \| Uterine involution \| LH & FSH \| Anovulatory cycles
Published	03/15/2025	Ventouse vacuum cup \| Macrosomia \| Active third stage \| Fluid resuscitation \| Mechanical intervention
Published	03/15/2025	Shoulder dystocia \| Brachial plexus injury \| Retained placenta \| Cord prolapse \| Sepsis
Published	03/15/2025	In late pregnancy, an isoform shift occurs where [PGR-B]decreases in favor of [PGR-A], leading to uterine excitation.[Oxytocin] is responsible for dir…
Published	03/15/2025	Contractions spread downward from the [Cornus] in 15 seconds.A contraction pattern of [3-4] contractions per 10 minutes, each lasting 1 minute, is con…
Published	03/15/2025	The milk ejection reflex is triggered by [Oxytocin] release from the pituitary gland in response to suckling.In the puerperium, uterine involution occ…
Published	03/15/2025	Assisted delivery is required in [10-15]% of births and involves the use of forceps or a ventouse.Primary PPH is defined as blood loss of more than [5…
Published	03/15/2025	A [Fourth] -degree perineal tear involves the external and internal anal sphincters and anorectal mucosa.Placenta [Accreta] occurs when the placenta i…
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