Notes in Case 2: Adaptive Immunity

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Published 01/06/2024 The most common side effect of statins is {{c1::myopathy}}, which occurs weeks to months after starting therapy
Published 01/06/2024 Asthma pathogenesis: Th2 cells secrete IL-{{c1::4}} which mediates class switching to {{c2::IgE}}
Published 01/06/2024 B-cell activation requires a costimulatory signal from binding between the {{c1::CD40 receptor}} (B cell) and {{c1::CD40 ligand}} (Th2 cell)
Published 01/06/2024 Do thymus-dependent antigens result in immunologic memory? {{c1::Yes}}
Published 01/06/2024 Class switching of IgM is mediated by CD40L and cytokines from {{c1::Th2::specific}} cells
Published 01/06/2024 Class switching to Ig{{c2::A}} is promoted by {{c1::IL-5}} and TGF-β
Published 01/06/2024 Class switching to Ig{{c2::E}} is promoted by {{c1::IL-4}} and {{c1::IL-13}}
Published 01/06/2024 {{c2::X-linked (Bruton) agammaglobulinemia}} is caused by a defect in the {{c1::Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK)}} gene
Published 01/06/2024 What is the mode of inheritance of Bruton agammaglobulinemia? {{c1::X-linked recessive}}
Published 01/06/2024 Which immunodeficiency is characterized by absent B cells in peripheral blood? {{c1::X-linked (Bruton) agammaglobulinemia}}
Published 01/06/2024 What classes of immunoglobulin are decreased in X-linked (Bruton) agammaglobulinemia? {{c1::All classes}}
Published 01/06/2024 Which immunodeficiencies are characterized by absent/scanty lymph nodes and tonsils? {{c1::X-linked (Bruton) agammaglobulinemia}} and {{c1::severe com…
Published 01/06/2024 What type of vaccine should be avoided in patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia?{{c1::Live attenuated vaccines}}
Published 01/06/2024 When does X-linked agammaglobulinemia typically present? {{c1::6 months after birth}}
Published 01/06/2024 Which immunodeficiency is characterized by no B-cell maturation? {{c1::X-linked (Bruton) agammaglobulinemia}}
Published 01/06/2024 IgA deficiency is characterized by {{c1::normal}} levels of IgG and IgM
Published 01/06/2024 Patients with {{c1::IgA}} deficiency may develop {{c2::anaphylaxis}} to IgA-containing products (e.g. blood transfusions, gammaglobulins)
Published 01/06/2024 IgA deficiency may present with increased infections in {{c1::mucosal}} sites
Published 01/06/2024 {{c2::Hyper-IgM}} syndrome is most commonly due to mutated {{c1::CD40L}} on Th cells
Published 01/06/2024 What classes of immunoglobulin are decreased in hyper-IgM syndrome? {{c1::IgA, IgG, and IgE}}
Published 01/06/2024 What is the mode of inheritance of hyper-IgM syndrome? {{c1::X-linked recessive}}
Published 01/06/2024 Hyper-IgM syndrome is characterized by absent {{c1::germinal centers}} on lymph node biopsy
Published 01/06/2024 What is the most likely diagnosis for male child with recurrent sinopulmonary and GI infections since turning 6 months old who has no mature…
Published 01/06/2024 Bruton agammaglobulinemia and CVID is managed with {{c1::IVIg::treatment}}
Published 01/06/2024 A skin injection of what can be used to confirm isolated B cell defects such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia?{{c1::Candida antigens}}
Published 01/06/2024 X-linked agammaglobulinemia increases susceptibility to {{c1::encapsulated}} bacteria and viruses, particularly {{c2::enteroviruses::which viruses?}}
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