Notes in Exam III

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Published	02/21/2025	Define/describe the following antibody effector functions:{{c1::Neutralization}}: {{c2::prevents binding of pathogens or toxins to cells, which preven…
Published	02/21/2025	What determines the isotype of an immunoglobulin?
Published	02/21/2025	What determines antibody function?
Published	02/21/2025	{{c1::Isotype switching}} occurs during {{c2::proliferation of B cells}} after primary antigen exposure and results in {{c2::changes to antibody funct…
Published	02/21/2025	What directs isotype switching during B cell proliferation, and what singal is used?
Published	02/21/2025	Define/describe the following immunoglobulin isotypes:{{c1::IgM}}: {{c2::first and major responder during a primary immune response. Typically secrete…
Published	02/21/2025	What are the effector actions of IgM, IgG, IgE, and IgA?
Published	02/21/2025	What is the genetic basis for isotype switching?
Published	02/21/2025	What is the difference between a BCR and an antibody?
Published	02/21/2025	What are the differences between a primary and secondary immune response?
Published	02/21/2025	{{c1::Affinity maturation}} is the {{c2::process of selecting antibodies in germinal centers that bind to the antigen better}}. {{c1::Class/isotype sw…
Published	02/21/2025	Does the presence of compatible antibodies always correlate with protective immunity?
Published	02/21/2025	In general, {{c1::immunoglobulins}} play a more significant role in combating {{c2::extracellular infections}}. {{c1::Cell-mediated responses involvin…
Published	02/21/2025	When recognizing antigens, {{c2::B cells}} bind to {{c1::free antigens in their native form}}, while {{c2::T cells}} utilize {{c1::MHC}}
Published	02/21/2025	What are the 5 main functions of the complement system?
Published	02/21/2025	List/describe the following pathways that can activate the complement system:{{c1::Alternative pathway}}: {{c2::pathogen surface creates local environ…
Published	02/21/2025	The {{c1::alternative and lectin}} complement pathways are activated by {{c2::PAMPS}} and part of {{c3::innate}} immunity. The {{c1::classical}} pathw…
Published	02/21/2025	List the following convertases:{{c1::Classical and lectin C3 convertase}}: {{c2::C4b2b}}{{c1::Alternative convertase}}: {{c2::C3bBb}}{{c1::C5 converta…
Published	02/21/2025	How does the membrane attack complex (MAC) or terminal complement complex (TCC) kill microbes?
Published	02/21/2025	Why is C3 more important than C9?
Published	02/21/2025	When a complement receptor is deficient, what can't it help with?
Published	02/21/2025	What are the two main anaphylatoxins and what do they do?
Published	02/21/2025	How are B1 (thymus independent B cells) activated?
Published	02/21/2025	What are the important opsonins for complement opsonization?
Published	02/21/2025	How does the complement system opsonize bacteria?
Published	02/21/2025	How does the complement system remove immune complexes from the blood?
Published	02/21/2025	What are the mechanisms involved in immune tolerance?
Published	02/21/2025	{{c1::Central tolerance}} involves {{c2::immature}} self-reactive lymphocytes being {{c2::deleted}} in {{c2::primary}} lymphoid organs.{{c1::Periphera…
Published	02/21/2025	Define/describe the following:{{c1::Tolerance}}: {{c2::state of specific unresponsiveness to an antigen induced by prior exposure to that antigen}}{{c…
Published	02/21/2025	How does tolerance develop in BVDV calves?
Published	02/21/2025	What are the mechanisms for T cell selection in the thymus that lead to central tolerance?
Published	02/21/2025	What are the 3 mechanisms of peripheral tolerance?
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