Notes in 14MDPxRelationship

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Published	07/30/2024	According to {{c1::Robinson}}, 1984, 'each person who is admitted to a hospital brings with him not only a physical illness but also a definite mental…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Doctor-patient relationship}} is a complex relationship formed when a doctor attends to a patient's medical needs and is usually through {{c2::c…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::DPR}} is considered to be the core element in the ethical principles of medicine.
Published	07/30/2024	ENUMERATE: The resulting depth of DPR comprises 4 main elements:- {{c1::knowledge}}- {{c1::trust}}- {{c1::loyalty}}- {{c1::regard}}
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: The physician-patient relationship is a foundation of clinical care, and it can have profound positive and negative implications on cli…
Published	07/30/2024	The main goal of the MD-Px relationship is to {{c1::improve patient health outcomes and their medical care.}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Dynamics between MD and Px}} refer to the communication patterns and extent to which decision making is shared between both parties.
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: Studies have shown the approach taken by physicians to communicate information is equally important as the actual information that is b…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::MD-Px Dynamics:: Dynamics / Trust}} poses that it is important that medical decision stems from a collaborative process between physicians and p…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In MD-Px dynamics, decision making is a process in which patients should be involved from the very beginning, as soon as you start Px w…
Published	07/30/2024	In MD-Px dynamics, {{c1::collaborative communication and decision making}} have been correlated with greater Px satisfaction and loyalty.
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: Working from a collaborative framework along with effective physician-patient communication can also strengthen a physician’s ability t…
Published	07/30/2024	According to {{c1::Bikhauer, 2017}}, patients must be able to trust their doctors with their lives and health, and that {{c2::maintaining trust}}…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Patients’ trust in their physicians:: Dynamics / Trust}} has been demonstrated to be more important than treatment satisfaction in predictions o…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Trust}} extends to many different aspects of the physician-relationships including, but not limited to:- {{c1::Physicians’ willingness to listen…
Published	07/30/2024	MD-Px {{c1::Trust:: Dynamics / Trust}} involves patients feeling comfortable enough to express and engage in dialogue related to their health concerns…
Published	07/30/2024	ENUMERATE: Models of DPR- {{c1::paternalistic}}- {{c1::informative}}- {{c1::interpretive / interpretative}}- {{c1::deliberative }}
Published	07/30/2024	The four {{c1::models}} of physician-patient interaction emphasize different understandings of:  {{c2::The goals of the patient interaction}…
Published	07/30/2024	Models of DPR and their Examples{{c1::PATERNALISTIC MODEL}} : {{c2::'I decide for you'}}{{c1::DELIBERATIVE MODEL}}: {{c2::'In addition, I tell you my …
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::paternalistic}} model is also called the {{c2::parental 9}} or {{c2::priestly}} model.
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: ensures that patients receive the interventions that BEST promote their health and well-being; at the extreme, the physician authoritative…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: Physicians use their skills to determine the patient’s medical condition and his/her stage in the disease and to identify the medical test…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: Physician presents the patient with selected information that will encourage the patient to consent to the intervention the physician cons…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: The informative model assumes that there are shared objective criteria for determining what is best, hence the physician can discern wh…
Published	07/30/2024	In the {{c1::paternalistic}} DPR model, the physician acts as the patient's {{c2::guardian}} who articulates and implements what is best for the patie…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In the paternalistic model, the physician has obligations, including that of placing his or her own interest above the patient's, and s…
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::informative}} model of DPR is sometimes called the {{c2::scientific}}, {{c2::engineering}}, or {{c2::consumer}} model.
Published	07/30/2024	ENUMERATE: Objectives of Informative Model of DPR For the physician {{c1::to provide the patient with all relevant information}} For the patie…
Published	07/30/2024	In the infromative DPR model, the physician informs the patient of: {{c1::His/her disease state}} {{c1::The nature of possible diagnostic and …
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: Assumes a fairly clear distinction between facts and values{{c1::INFORMATIVE}}
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::informative}} model of DPR assumes that the physician is a {{c2::purveyor of techincal expertise}}, providing the patient with the means to …
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: As technical experts, physicians have important obligations to provide truthful information, maintain competence in their area of expertis…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: Aims to elucidate the patient's values and priorities, elucidate what the patient actually wants, and help them in the selection of availa…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: Informative on the nature of the condition and the risks and benefits of possible interventions.{{c1::INTERPRETIVE MODEL}}
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: Assists in determining what medical interventions best realize the specified values of the patient{{c1::INTERPRETIVE MODEL}}
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In the deliberative model, the doctor must elucidate and make coherent the patient's values.{{c1::FALSE - INTERPRETIVE MODEL}}
Published	07/30/2024	In the interpretive model, the doctor makes coherent a patient's values by working with the patient to reconstruct their {{c1::goals, aspirations, com…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: At the extreme, the physician must conceive the patient’s life as a narrative {{c1::INTERPRETIVE MODEL}}
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: The physician does not dictate the patient, as the patient ultimately decides which values and course of action best fits who he or she is…
Published	07/30/2024	In the {{c2::interpretative}} model, the physican takes the role of a {{c1::counselor}}, which is analogous to a cabinate minister's advisory role to …
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: The MD acts as a counselor in the interpretive model to supply relevant information, help elucidate values, suggest what medical interv…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: Aims to help patient determine and choose the best health-related values that can be realized in the clinical situtation{{c1::DELIBERATIVE…
Published	07/30/2024	In the deliberative model, the MD has the responsibility to:- {{c1::Delineate information on the patient’s clinical situation}} - {{c1::Help eluci…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: The physician's objective include suggesting why certain health-related values are more worthy.{{c1::DELIBERATIVE}}
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In the deliberative model, both physician and patient engage in deliberation about what kind of health-relates values the patient could…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In the deliberative model, the physician discusses only health-related values, or values that affected the patient's disease or treatme…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In the deliberative model, elements of morality are considered related to the patient's disease or treatment which are beyond the scope…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: Physician aims at no more than moral persuasion and coercion is avoided.{{c1::DELIBERATIVE}}
Published	07/30/2024	In the {{c1::deliberative}} model, the physician acts as {{c2::teacher or friend}} who engages the patient in {{c2::dialogue}} on what course of actio…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR MODELS: The physician and patient engage in moral deliberation to judge the worthiness and importance of health-related values. At the same time, …
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In the deliberative model, the patient is empowered not simply to follow unexamined preferences or examined values, but to consider, th…
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Published	07/30/2024	ENUMERATE: Types of DPR- {{c1::paternalism}}- {{c1::mutuality}}- {{c1::consumerism}}- {{c1::default}}
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: DPR involves knowing a large amount of biospychosocial data of the patient.{{c1::TRUE}}
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: The form of DPR, in itself, provides valuable information to interpret the reasons for consultation and is in itself therapeutic. …
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::doctor-patient relationship}} is the main factor that influences compliance with treatment.
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: Patients are individual human beings with problems that all too often transcend their physical pain, and they are not simply mere cases…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Hall and Rotter, 1991}} described forms of DPR which highlight 4 forms of patterns of control and communication in doctor-patient relationships.
Published	07/30/2024	HALL & ROTTER'S FORMS OF DPR{{c1::DEFAULT}} - {{c2::LOW}} physician control, {{c3::LOW}} patient control{{c1::PATERNALISM}} - {{c2::HIGH}} physici…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Characterized by a lack of control on either side, is described as not ideal{{c1::DEFAULT}}
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: a traditional form of DPR characterized by dominant doctors and passive patients{{c1::PATERNALISM}}
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Associated with focusing on the patient's rights and doctor's obligations; connected to the phenomena of 'doctor shopping'{{c1::CONSUMERISM…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Advocated as the optimum and best type of DPR; characterized by sharing decision making, with each partiicpant bringing strength and resour…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Doctor takes on a role of a parent or an expert, and the patient is expected to follow a tightly-controlled interviewing style aimed at rea…
Published	07/30/2024	The focus of {{c1::paternalism}} as a form of DPR is on {{c2::care}}, rather than autonomy or decision of the patient.
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Supportive nature appears to be important when patients are very sick at their most vulnerable, such that the relief from the burden of wor…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In mutuality, the trust and confidence implied by this DPR form allows the doctor to perform 'medical magic'{{c1::FALSE - this is PATER…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: Paternalism is seen as disadvantageous as international evidence shows that involving patients in their care and treatment improves the…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Views neither the patient nor the physician as standing aside; patients need to define their problems in an open and full manner{{c1::MUTUA…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Based on the communication between doctors and patients; physician need to work with the patient to articulate the problem and refine the r…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Px has right to seek care elsewhere when demands are not satisfactorily met, and MD also has the right to withdraw services formally from a…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Seen advantageous since patients can fully understand the problem they are coping with through physician's help; physicians can entirely kn…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Seen as disadvantageous since physician does not know what certain degree they should reach in communication, and can have doubts on whethe…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Patient can challenge to unilateral decision making by physicians in reaching diagnosis and working out treatment plans{{c1::CONSUMERISM}}
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Reverses the very basic nature of the power relationship{{c1::CONSUMERISM}}
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: The Px plays a role in cost-consiousness, consumer behavior, informaiton seeking, and exericisng independent judgment{{c1::CONSUMERISM}}
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: MD is seen as a healthcare provider, or a technical consultant to convince the necessity of medical services.{{c1::CONSUMERISM}}
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: worst type where the patient and physician expectation are at odds, or when the need for change in relaitonship cannot be negotiated, the r…
Published	07/30/2024	DPR TYPES: Passive for both participants, ineffective dealing with illness, yet common in managing chronic illnesses{{c1::DEFAULT}}
Published	07/30/2024	In the {{c1::PAST:: past / present,}} DPR tended to be paternalistic, where doctors are seen as persons with higher status, the profession is sacred b…
Published	07/30/2024	In the {{c1::PRESENT,:: past / present}} {{c2::mutuality}} has become the perfect choice of DPR type to encourage patient autonomy, yet {{c2::consumer…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: Present forms of DPR have come as a result of better education and knowledge, banking on the present relationship of patient autonomy a…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: Relationship between Px and MD are often stated and stagnant. {{c1::FALSE - are often UNSTATED and DYNAMIC}}
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: As conditions change, the kind of relationship that works best for a patient may change, thus, MD and Px should choose a 'relationship …
Published	07/30/2024	With a good relationship, the effectiveness of the DPR directly relates to: - {{c1::health outcomes}}- {{c1::better follow up}}- {{c1::better con…
Published	07/30/2024	The relationship between a patient and a physician is based on trust, which gives rise to physicians' ethical responsibility to:- Place {{c1::patients…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Medical ethics}} is an applied branch of ethics which analyzes the practice of clinical medicine and related scientific research.
Published	07/30/2024	The four pillars of medical ethics refer to a set of values that professionals can refer to in case of any confusion or conflict, and these are: {{c1:…
Published	07/30/2024	FOUR PILLARS OF MEDICAL ETHICS: patient has the right to refuse or choose their treatment{{c1::RESPECT FOR AUTONOMY}}
Published	07/30/2024	FOUR PILLARS OF MEDICAL ETHICS: practitioner should act in the best interest of the patient{{c1::NON-MALEFICENCE}}
Published	07/30/2024	FOUR PILLARS OF MEDICAL ETHICS: sense of utlity to promote more good than harm; MD and treatment should not be the cause of harm{{c1::BENEFICENCE}}
Published	07/30/2024	FOUR PILLARS OF MEDICAL ETHICS: concerns the distribution of scarce health resources and the decision of who gets what treatment{{c1::JUSTICE}}
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::Hippocractic Oath}} expresses the essence of the fiduciary relationship between a physician and his patients.
Published	07/30/2024	A MD-Px {{c1::fiduciary}} relationship involves the physician having the duty to act in the patient's best interest and to refrian from exploiting the…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Boundary violation}} refers to any behavior on the part of a physician that transgresses the limits of the professional relationship, while {{c1…
Published	07/30/2024	Boundary violations have the potential to exploit or harm patients, and potential areas of exploitation include:- {{c1::personal or social boundary vi…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: Physicians’ fiduciary responsibility to patients entails an obligation to support continuity of care for their patients. {{c1::TRU…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: The physician is not obliged to alert the patient to any foreseeable impediments to continuity of care at the beginning of the MD-Px re…
Published	07/30/2024	ACTIONS WHEN WITHDRAWING FROM A CASE: must be done long enough in advance to permit the patient to secure another physician{{c1::Notify the patient (o…
Published	07/30/2024	ACTIONS WHEN WITHDRAWING FROM A CASE: Must be done immediately to provide timely treatment if the physician declines to offer it{{c1::Refer to another…
Published	07/30/2024	ACTIONS WHEN WITHDRAWING FROM A CASE: done when a deeply held, well-considered personal belief leads to a physician to decline{{c1::Offer impartial gu…
Published	07/30/2024	TRUE OR FALSE: In withdrawing from a case, you don’t simply let the patient go; you have to guide them, assist them, and facilitate the transfer, espe…
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