Notes in 05. Phys Cardiac Myocytes

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	02/28/2025	Cardiac myocytes have a {{c1::longer::longer/shorter}} AP compared to skeletal muscle
Published	02/28/2025	{{c1::Gap junctions}} between intercalated disks provide a low resistance path for APs to rapidly spread between cardiac myocytes
Published	02/28/2025	Cardiac Muscle Contraction Steps:Cardiac AP (from SA node) spreads to cardiac myocytes via T tubules {{c1::L-Type Ca2+ channels::channel}} o…
Published	02/28/2025	{{c1::Intracellular::Intra/Extracellular}} Ca2+ concentration determines the strength of cardiac myocyte contraction
Published	02/28/2025	Intracellular Ca2+ release is done by the {{c1::RyR::RyR/L-Type Ca2+ channel}} on the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Published	02/28/2025	Hypertrophy leads to increase in ventricular stretch = increase in {{c3::sarcomere length}} = {{c1::increase::increase/decrease}} sensitivity to Ca2+&…
Published	02/28/2025	In heart failure, there is impared {{c1::Ca2+ release}} = leads to weaker contractions
Published	02/28/2025	An {{c1::increase::increase/decrease}} in {{c2::EDV}} leads to an increase in {{c3::SV}}
Published	02/28/2025	Relaxation of Cardiac Myocyte:{{c1::SERCA pump}} = pumps Ca2+ back into sarcoplasmic reticulum {{c2::Na+ and Ca2+ exchanger (NCX)}…
Published	02/28/2025	Impaired ventricular relaxation = most likely due to decreased {{c1::SERCA pump}} activity
Published	02/28/2025	Cardiac Action Potentials in Ventricles Phase 0 (Depolarization) = {{c1::Na+}} influx leads to depolarization Phase 1 (Initial Repolari…
Published	02/28/2025	The prolonged duration of cardiac APs in ventricles is due to {{c2::Ca2+}} influx and {{c2::K+}} efflux during the {{c1::plateau (phase 2)::…
Published	02/28/2025	Action potentials in the atria have a {{c1::shorter::longer/shorter}} plateau phase than ventricles
Published	02/28/2025	Cardiac myocyte is most permeable to {{c1::K+::ion}}at rest
Published	02/28/2025	The {{c1::supernormal period (SNP)}} occurs after the relative refractory period and is when a cardiac myocyte is {{c2::more::more/less}} excitable th…
Published	02/28/2025	Inactivation of Na+ channels occurs during the {{c1::absolute::absolute/effective/relative}} refractory period = another AP {{c2::cannot::can/can…
Published	02/28/2025	Variability in VG Na+ channels recovery during the {{c1::relative::absolute/effective/relative}} refractory period leads to increased susceptibil…
Published	02/28/2025	{{c4::Hyperkalemia::Hyper/Hypokalemia}} = more {{c1::depolarized::depolarized/hyperpolarized}} RMP = over time Na+ channels inactivate = {{c2::de…
Published	02/28/2025	{{c2::Hypokalemia::Hyper/Hypokalemia}} = more {{c1::hyperpolarized::depolarized/hyperpolarized}} RMP = {{c3::more difficult::easier/more difficult}} f…
Published	02/28/2025	L Type Calcium channels current is enhanced by {{c1::β1-adrenergic}} receptor activation (from Epi/Norepi)
Published	02/28/2025	Phosphorylation of {{c1::phospholamban (PLB)}} = leads to {{c2::faster::faster/slower}} relaxation and more Ca2+ stored in SR = {{c3::increases::…
Published	02/28/2025	{{c1::PDE inhibitors}} prevent breakdown of cAMP = increase in contractile strength
Published	02/28/2025	{{c1::Digoxin}} inhibits {{c2::Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase}} = leads to increase in intracell. Ca2+ = {{c3::increase::increase/decrease}} in contractile streng…
Published	02/28/2025	{{c1::Verapamil}} blocks L-Type Calcium channels = {{c2::decrease::increase/decrease}} in contractile strength
Status	Last Update	Fields