Notes in J)Intro_to_Immunology_-Overview_and_Innate_Immunity

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Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::Innate immunity}}: no immunological memory
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::Adaptive immunity}}: developed after exposure to an antigen, immunological memory, mediated by lymphocytes
Published	08/12/2024	INNATE IMMUNITY AT EPITHELIAL SURFACES
Published	08/12/2024	Innate Immunity at Epithelial Surfaces - Mechanical
Published	08/12/2024	Innate Immunity at Epithelial Surfaces -Chemical
Published	08/12/2024	Innate Immunity at Epithelial Surfaces -Microbiological
Published	08/12/2024	Activation of Complement System
Published	08/12/2024	Each pathway converges at the {{c1::activation of C3}}, a central component in the complement system.
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::C3 Convertase}}: This enzyme complex cleaves C3 into C3a and C3b.
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::C3b}}: Binds to the pathogen’s surface, acting as an opsonin, which tags the pathogen for phagocytosis by immune cells like macrophages.
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::Opsonization}}: C3b coats pathogens, enhancing their recognition and ingestion by phagocytes.
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::Chemotaxis and Inflammation}}: C3a and C5a act as anaphylatoxins, attracting immune cells (e.g., neutrophils) to the infection site and promotin…
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)}}: Complement components C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9 form the MAC, which creates pores in the pathogen’s membrane, lea…
Published	08/12/2024	Describe the properties and roles in immunity of key innate cells: neutrophils
Published	08/12/2024	Describe the properties and roles in immunity of key innate cells: macrophages
Published	08/12/2024	Explain the basic pathway of an acute inflammatory response; understanding the roles of key chemical mediators and cell types
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs):}} germline-encoded receptors found on various immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, a…
Published	08/12/2024	Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs)
Published	08/12/2024	NOD-Like Receptors (NLRs)
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::DAMPs}} are endogenous molecules released by stressed, injured, or dying cells. Examples include ATP, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and hea…
Published	08/12/2024	{{c1::Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)}} are conserved molecular features found on pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and fungiExamples i…
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