Notes in Chapter_12:_Transplantation

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Published	07/07/2024	The most important HLA overall for recipient/donor organ matching in transplant is HLA-{{c1::DR}}
Published	07/07/2024	The primary determinants of organ allocation in the US are {{c2::time}} and {{c1::HLA matching}}
Published	07/07/2024	ABO blood compatibility is generally required for all organ transplants except for {{c1::liver}} transplant
Published	07/07/2024	Cross-matching for organ donation involves mixing recipient {{c1::serum}} with donor {{c1::lymphocytes}}
Published	07/07/2024	A panel reactive antibody (PRA) score greater than {{c1::50}}% is often a contraindication to transplantation
Published	07/07/2024	Mild organ rejection is treated with {{c1::steroids}}
Published	07/07/2024	Severe organ rejection is treated with {{c1::steroids and antibody therapy}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common malignancy following any transplant is {{c1::squamous cell carcinoma}}
Published	07/07/2024	The second most common malignancy following transplant is {{c1::post-transplant lympho-proliferative disorder (PTLD)}}
Published	07/07/2024	CellCept is a brand name for {{c1::mycophenolate mofetil}}
Published	07/07/2024	Solu-Medrol is a brand name for {{c1::methylprednisolone}}
Published	07/07/2024	A drug that binds to cyclophilin protein leading to calcineurin inhibition is {{c1::cyclosporin}}
Published	07/07/2024	Cyclosporin is excreted by the {{c1::liver}}
Published	07/07/2024	Prograf is a brand name for {{c1::tacrolimus}}
Published	07/07/2024	Sirolimus is also known as {{c1::rapamycin}}
Published	07/07/2024	Is sirolimus nephrotoxic?{{c1::No}}
Published	07/07/2024	An immunosuppressive drug that inhibits mTOR is {{c1::sirolimus}}
Published	07/07/2024	Polyclonal antibodies against T cell antigens are called {{c1::anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most concerning side effect of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) is {{c1::cytokine release syndrome}}
Published	07/07/2024	A type of transplant rejection that occurs within minutes to hours is {{c1::hyperacute}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	A type of transplant rejection that occurs in less than 1 week is {{c1::accelerated}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	A type of transplant rejection that occurs in 1 week to 1 month is {{c1::acute}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	A type of transplant rejection that occurs in months to years is {{c1::chronic}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	A type 2 hypersensitivity reaction caused by preformed antibodies that were not picked up by cross match is {{c1::hyperacute}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	Hyperacute transplant rejection is treated with {{c1::emergent re-transplant}}
Published	07/07/2024	Accelerated and acute transplant rejections are treated with {{c1::immunosuppression}}
Published	07/07/2024	Is the presence of a UTI a contraindication to kidney transplantation?{{c1::No}}
Published	07/07/2024	Is an acute increase in creatinine (1.0-3.0) a contraindication to kidney transplantation?{{c1::No}}
Published	07/07/2024	Is HIV a contraindication to kidney transplantation?{{c1::No}}
Published	07/07/2024	Mortality from kidney transplantation is primarily due to {{c2::stroke}} and {{c1::myocardial infarction}}
Published	07/07/2024	The vasculature from a transplanted kidney is attached to the {{c1::iliac}} vessels
Published	07/07/2024	The most common complication of kidney transplantation for the recipient is {{c1::urine leak}}
Published	07/07/2024	Renal artery stenosis following kidney transplantation is treated with {{c1::PTA with stenting}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common cause of external ureteral compression after kidney transplantation is {{c1::lymphocele}}
Published	07/07/2024	Lymphocele following kidney transplantation is managed with percutaneous drainage or {{c1::peritoneal window}}
Published	07/07/2024	Postop oliguria after kidney transplantation is concerning for {{c1::acute tubular necrosis}}
Published	07/07/2024	Postop diuresis after kidney transplantation is typically due to {{c1::urea}} and {{c1::glucose}}
Published	07/07/2024	New proteinuria after kidney transplantation is suggestive of {{c1::renal vein thrombosis}}
Published	07/07/2024	Postop diabetes after kidney transplantation is typically due to {{c1::medication side effects}}
Published	07/07/2024	Viral infections after kidney transplantation are typically due to {{c1::CMV}} or {{c1::HSV}}
Published	07/07/2024	The workup for possible kidney rejection is ultrasound and {{c1::biopsy}}
Published	07/07/2024	Possible kidney rejection is treated with empiric {{c3::steroids}}, {{c2::fluid/Lasix}} challenge, and decreasing {{c1::immunosuppressants}}
Published	07/07/2024	Kidney transplants from living donors have a {{c1::higher}} 5-year graft survival than transplants from cadaveric kidneys(higher or lower)
Published	07/07/2024	Kidney transplantation extends life by {{c1::15}} year(s)
Published	07/07/2024	The most common cause of mortality in kidney transplantation for the recipient is {{c1::myocardial infarction}}
Published	07/07/2024	Is a dual-collecting system a contraindication to be a kidney donor?{{c1::No}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common complication of kidney transplantation for the donor is {{c1::wound infection}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common cause of mortality in kidney transplantation for the donor is {{c1::pulmonary embolism}}
Published	07/07/2024	Kidney transplants can be stored for {{c1::48}} hour(s)
Published	07/07/2024	Liver transplants can be stored for {{c1::24}} hour(s)
Published	07/07/2024	Contraindications to liver transplant include current {{c2::alcohol abuse}} and acute {{c1::ulcerative colitis}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common reason for liver transplantation in adults in {{c1::chronic hepatitis C}}
Published	07/07/2024	Urgent liver transplantation is indicated for {{c1::fulminant hepatic failure}}
Published	07/07/2024	Reinfection after liver transplantation is more common with viral hepatitis {{c1::C}}
Published	07/07/2024	Can patients with hepatocelluar carcinoma receive liver transplantation?{{c1::Yes}}
Published	07/07/2024	Is portal vein thrombosis a contraindication to liver transplant?{{c1::No}}
Published	07/07/2024	For liver transplant, duct-to-duct anastomosis is performed in {{c1::adults}}(adults or children)
Published	07/07/2024	For liver transplant, hepaticojejunostomy is performed in {{c1::children}}(adults or children)
Published	07/07/2024	After liver transplantation, {{c1::3}} drain(s) should be placed
Published	07/07/2024	The management of liver problems after liver transplantation involves ultrasound and {{c1::biopsy}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common complication after liver transplantation is {{c1::bile leak}}
Published	07/07/2024	After liver transplant, elevated bilirubin, low bile output, and elevated PT/PTT are concerning for {{c1::early}} primary nonfunction
Published	07/07/2024	After liver transplant, mental status changes, increased liver enzymes, renal failure, and respiratory failure are concerning for {{c1:…
Published	07/07/2024	Primary nonfunction after liver transplant usually requires {{c1::re-transplantation}}
Published	07/07/2024	Hepatic artery stenosis after liver transplantation is treated with {{c1::stenting}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common early vascular complication after liver transplantation is {{c1::hepatic artery thrombosis}}
Published	07/07/2024	Fulminant hepatic failure after liver transplant is seen in {{c1::early}} hepatic artery thrombosis(early or late)
Published	07/07/2024	Biliary strictures after liver transplant are seen in {{c1::late}} hepatic artery thrombosis(early or late)
Published	07/07/2024	Abscesses after liver transplant are seen in {{c1::late}} hepatic artery thrombosis(early or late)
Published	07/07/2024	IVC stenosis or thrombosis after liver transplantation is treated with {{c2::thrombolytics}} or {{c1::IVC stenting}}
Published	07/07/2024	Portal vein thrombosis after liver transplantation is treated with {{c2::thrombectomy}} and {{c1::revision of anastomosis}}
Published	07/07/2024	In liver transplant, neutrophil infiltrate around portal triad is concerning for {{c1::cholangitis}}
Published	07/07/2024	Portal triad lympocytosis, endotheliitis, and bile duct injury after liver transplantation is concerning for {{c1::acute}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	Disappearing bile ducts with an increase in ALP after liver transplantation is concerning for {{c1::chronic}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	The right lobe of the liver is taken for transplant if the donor is a(n) {{c1::adult}}(adult or child)
Published	07/07/2024	The left lateral lobe of the liver is taken for transplant if the donor is a(n) {{c1::child}}(adult or child)
Published	07/07/2024	The most common indication for pancreas transplantation is diabetes with {{c1::renal failure}}
Published	07/07/2024	Pancreas transplantation requires taking both the donor {{c1::celiac}} and {{c1::superior mesenteric}} arteries
Published	07/07/2024	Pancreas transplantation requires taking the donor {{c1::portal}} vein
Published	07/07/2024	The vasculature from a transplanted pancreas is attached to the {{c1::iliac}} vessels
Published	07/07/2024	The pancreatic duct is attached in the recipient in pancreas transplantation via donor {{c1::duodenum}}
Published	07/07/2024	Pancreas transplantation reverses many diabetes complications, but does not reverse {{c1::vascular disease}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common complication of pancreas transplantation is {{c1::venous thrombosis}}
Published	07/07/2024	Organ rejection in pancreas transplantation is difficult to diagnose if the patient does not have a(n) {{c1::kidney transplant}}
Published	07/07/2024	Heart transplants can be stored for {{c1::6}} hour(s)
Published	07/07/2024	Persistent pulmonary hypertension after heart transplantation is treated with {{c2::inhaled nitric oxide}} or {{c1::ECMO}} if severe
Published	07/07/2024	Perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate with varying grades of myocyte inflammation and necrosis after heart transplant is concerning for {{c1::acute…
Published	07/07/2024	The most common cause of early mortality after heart transplantation is {{c1::infection}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common cause of late mortality after heart transplantation is {{c1::chronic allograft vasculopathy}}
Published	07/07/2024	Lung transplants can be stored for {{c1::6}} hour(s)
Published	07/07/2024	The most common cause of early mortality for lung transplantation is {{c1::reperfusion injury}}
Published	07/07/2024	An indication for double-lung transplant is {{c1::cystic fibrosis}}
Published	07/07/2024	Perivascular lymphocytosis after lung transplantation is concerning for {{c1::acute}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	Bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplantation is concerning for {{c1::chronic}} rejection
Published	07/07/2024	The most common cause of late mortality for lung transplantation is {{c1::chronic rejection}}
Published	07/07/2024	The hierarchy for permission for organ donation:1) {{c1::Spouse}}2) {{c2::Children}}3) {{c3::Parent}}4) {{c4::Sibling}}5) {{c5::Guardian}}6) {{c6::Oth…
Published	07/07/2024	Patients taking {{c1::si}}rolimus should stop the drug {{c2::two}} weeks prior to any surgery and switch to {{c1::tac}}rolimus
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