Notes in c. Intro to Anemias

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Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Anemia}} is a condition caused by a decreased number of {{c2::RBCs}} which results in reduced oxygen carry capacity of the blood
Published	07/28/2024	The 3 major causes of anemia are?
Published	07/28/2024	Patients with anemia have a {{c1::right}} shift of their oxygen dissociation curve
Published	07/28/2024	The 2 most common lab tests order in the evaluation of anemia are?
Published	07/28/2024	Men typically produce {{c1::more}} hemoglobin than women
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Hematocrit}} is the proportion of blood volume made up of red blood cells. Usually anemic patients have {{c1::lower}} hematocrit
Published	07/28/2024	In Anemia there is a {{c1::lowered}} hematocrit. It is the most common disease around the world {{c1::3,000,000}} people are affected
Published	07/28/2024	In polycythemia, there is a {{c1::higher}} hematocrit
Published	07/28/2024	The {{c1::Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)}} is the average volume of an RBC and the most commonly used parameter to determine the etiology of anemi…
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Micro}}-cytic anemia occurs with a MCV <80 (below nml)
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Normo}}-cytic anemia occurs with a MCV 80-100 (at nml)
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Macro}}-cytic anemia occurs with a MCV >100 (above nml)
Published	07/28/2024	The {{c1::Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)}} is the measure of the concentration of hemoglobin in a fixed volume of packed red bl…
Published	07/28/2024	A decreased MCHC is termed {{c1::hypochromic}} because central area (pallor) takes up more than {{c1::1/3}} of the RBC
Published	07/28/2024	An elevated MCHC is termed {{c1::hyperchromic}}. No central pallor which usually occurs in {{c1::hereditary spherocytosis}}, thus it helps determ…
Published	07/28/2024	The following blood cells are...
Published	07/28/2024	The following blood cells are...
Published	07/28/2024	A common cause for hypochromic RBCs is {{c1::iron deficiency}}
Published	07/28/2024	A common cause for hyperchromic RBCs is {{c1::hereditary spherocytosis}}
Published	07/28/2024	The {{c1::Red cell distribution width (RDW)}} reflects the variation in the size of the red blood cells. Elevated RDW tells you that there are ma…
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::anisocytosis}} is a high RDW indicative of red blood cells of varying size which is indicative of anemia
Published	07/28/2024	A {{c1::decreased}} reticulocyte index is indicative of {{c2::insufficient}} bone marrow thus you have a {{c1::“hypo proliferative”}} anemia…
Published	07/28/2024	A {{c1::increased}} reticulocyte index is indicative of {{c2::functional}} bone marrow thus you have {{c1::“hyper proliferative”}} anemia wh…
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Hemolysis}} is the destruction of RBCs
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Extravascular}} hemolysis occurs within the confines of the {{c2::reticuloendothelial}} system, mediated by macrophages of the {{c2::spleen, liv…
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Intravascular}} hemolysis occurs within the confines of the {{c2::endothelium}} and is {{c1::not}} mediated by macrophages of the {{c1::reticulo…
Published	07/28/2024	During extravascular hemolysis, the protophoryin ring of heme is broken down to {{c1::bilirubin}}
Published	07/28/2024	During extravascular hemolysis, the iron is transported to the {{c1::bone marrow}}
Published	07/28/2024	During extravascular hemolysis, the bilirubin is transported to the {{c1::gall bladder}}
Published	07/28/2024	A {{c1::low}} reticulocyte index is indicative of anemia caused by {{c2::decreased RBC production in bone marrow}}.
Published	07/28/2024	A {{c1::high}} reticulocyte index is indicative of anemia caused by {{c2::RBC destruction (hemolysis) and blood loss}}.
Published	07/28/2024	Iron defiency is a source of {{c1::microcytic}} anemia because the lack of iron causes the maturing red cells to undergo an extra cellular d…
Published	07/28/2024	Thalassemia is a source of {{c1::microcytic}} anemia
Published	07/28/2024	Bleeding is a source of {{c1::normocytic}} anemia
Published	07/28/2024	Hemolysis is a source of {{c1::normocytic}} anemia
Published	07/28/2024	Vit B12 deficiency is a source of {{c1::Macrocytic}} anemia
Published	07/28/2024	Folate deficiency is a source of {{c1::Macrocytic}} anemia
Published	07/28/2024	Hypothyroidism is a source of {{c1::Macrocytic}} anemia because thyroid hormone stimulates the production of erythropoietin and affects hematopoi…
Published	07/28/2024	Alcoholism is a source of {{c1::Macrocytic}} anemia
Published	07/28/2024	Iron deficiency will have a {{c1::low}} reticulocyte index because Iron plays a role in synthesizing normal RBCs
Published	07/28/2024	Lead poisoning will have a {{c1::low}} reticulocyte index
Published	07/28/2024	Thalassemia will have a {{c1::high}} reticulocyte index
Published	07/28/2024	Bone marrow disorders will have a {{c1::low}} reticulocyte index
Published	07/28/2024	Hemolysis will have a {{c1::high}} reticulocyte index
Published	07/28/2024	Acute bleeding will have a {{c1::high}} reticulocyte index
Published	07/28/2024	Vitamin B12 deficiency will have a {{c1::low}} reticulocyte index because without enough vitamin B12, blood cells do not form properly inside you…
Published	07/28/2024	Folic acid deficiency will have a {{c1::low}} reticulocyte index
Published	07/28/2024	Liver disease deficiency will have a {{c1::low}} reticulocyte index because alcoholism causes decreased RBC production
Published	07/28/2024	Alcoholism deficiency will have a {{c1::low}} reticulocyte index
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Megaloblastic}} anemia is seen during macrocytic anemias and is caused by abnormal {{c2::DNA}} synthesis
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Nonmegaloblastic}} anemia is seen during {{c1::macrocytic}} anemia and is caused by abnormal {{c2::plasma membrane}} synthesis
Published	07/28/2024	How do patients with Anemia present and what is the underlying pathway of the main problems?
Published	07/28/2024	Peripheral blood smear helps you determine {{c1::cause}} of anemia
Published	07/28/2024	Bone marrow biopsy tells you if it is normal or {{c1::aplastic}}
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