Notes in 07 Recognizing Patterns of Disease

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal Respiratory Distress and Cyanosis is {{c1::either physiologic or pathologic::physiologic/pathologic}}
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal Apnea and Altered Mental Status is {{c1::pathologic::physiologic/pathologic}}
Published	07/30/2024	Changes in TransitionRED FLAGSPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES{{c1::Respiratory distress}}{{c1::Weight loss}}{{c1::Jaundice}}{{c1::Cyanosis}}{{c2::Apnea}}{…
Published	07/30/2024	Physiologic weight loss of {{c1::5-10::range}}% happens in the {{c2::first week::time}} of life due to contraction of extracellular flu…
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal Hypothermia is {{c1::pathologic::physiologic/pathologic}}
Published	07/30/2024	If you see pathologic RDS caused by respiratory issues, think of {{c1::choanal atresia}}
Published	07/30/2024	Newborn weight loss secondary to inadequate fluid intake leads to dehydration and increases the risk of {{c1::jaundice}} and hypernatremia
Published	07/30/2024	Physiologic jaundice in the newborn usually appears in 2-3 days, peaks at {{c1::3-4}} days and disappears in {{c1::5-7}} days
Published	07/30/2024	[VR]1. Time2. Na in mother's milk{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Over {{c1::60}}% of all newborn infants become visibly jaundiced in the first few days of life
Published	07/30/2024	Read {{c1::this}}
Published	07/30/2024	Normal Values: RBC lifespan in a newborn{{c1::70}} days
Published	07/30/2024	Normal Values: Physiologic Jaundice in the NewbornRate of Rise of Bilirubin: <{{c1::5}} mg/dL/dayPeak: <{{c1::12}} mg/dL at full termB2 Fraction…
Published	07/30/2024	The most important complication to be avoided in neonatal jaundice is {{c1::bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus)}} which can lead to hearing lo…
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Speed of respirations during RDS1. Respiratory/CVD issues2. CNS issues{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Acrocyanosis is a normal finding in the first {{c1::24 hours}} of life
Published	07/30/2024	Central Cyanosis in the Newborn Threshold:>{{c1::5}} g/dL of deoxyhemoglobin
Published	07/30/2024	If the baby's cyanosis improves after giving oxygen, think of a {{c1::respiratory problem}}If not, think of, {{c1::congenital heart disease}}
Published	07/30/2024	Periodic breathing - physiologic characteristic of neonatal respiration characterized by pauses lasting {{c1::5-10}} s followed by a burst of rapid br…
Published	07/30/2024	If there are no problems in the pulmonary, CV, and CNS in a neonate w/ RDS, think of {{c1::infection, hypoglycemia, and IEM::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	Periodic breathing associated with change in color or heart rate{{c1::F::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	The respiratory rate of the newborn must be counted for a {{c1::full minute::time}} because periodic breathing is expected.
Published	07/30/2024	Apnea - Pathologic cessation of breathing for for ≥{{c1::20}} s, or a period of <{{c1::20}} s but associated with {{c1::a change in …
Published	07/30/2024	Apnea may be the first manifestation of {{c1::seizures}} in premature infants
Published	07/30/2024	Familiarize {{c1::me}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ventricular septal defect (VSD)}} is the most common single neonatal cardiac defect
Published	07/30/2024	Pathologic Heart Murmurs{{c1::All diastolic murmursHarsh murmurs are pathologicMurmurs beyond day 3 of life because PDA closes 24-48hours to 72 hours}…
Published	07/30/2024	Ruling in/out Cyanotic Heart DiseaseScreening: {{c1::Pulse Oximetry}}Confirmatory: {{c1::2D Echo}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Jitteriness}} - Physiologic neonatal series of rapid movements of {{c2::equal::equal/unequal}} amplitude in alternating directions
Published	07/30/2024	Jitteriness can be seen in normal preterm and term neonates with {{c2::vigorous crying}} and may also be present in infants of {{c1::diabetic mot…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Seizures}} - Pathologic neonatal finding characterized by alternating muscular contractions and relaxations of {{c2::unequal::equal/unequal}} am…
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal Seizures are usually due to CNS disorders but may also be secondary to electrolyte disturbances such as {{c1::hypocalcemia (most common)::mos…
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Abnormal eye movements and facial movements1. Jitteriness2. Seizures{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Triggered by sensory stimuli1. Jitteriness2. Seizures{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Representative Neonatal Automatisms: {{c1::Recurrent oral buccal-lingual movements (lip smacking, tongue-thrusting) Rotary limb activities (rowing, pe…
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal Motor Automatisms {{c1::are not::are not/are}} usually accompanied by EEG discharges and may not signify, cortical epileptic activity, i…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Pseudoparalysis}} - Failure of a neonate to move an extremity that suggest fracture, dislocation, or nerve injury often following a traumatic de…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Irritability}}: Should be distinguished from normal crying behavior
Published	07/30/2024	4 Indicators of Altered Mental Status in a Neonate:{{c1::IrritabilityHyperactivityLethargyPoor Suck or Failure to Feed}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Lethargy::Neonatal Finding of Altered Mental Status}} may be a manifestation of infection, hypoglycemia, or sedation from maternal medications
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal lethargy appearing after the {{c2::2nd}} day suggests {{c1::infection, IEM (hyperammonemia, acidosis, or hypoglycemia)::5 diseases}}
Published	07/30/2024	Poor Suck/Failure to Feed - An important sign of a sick newborn that may be caused by {{c2::infection, inborn error of metabolism,}} and other ab…
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal fever Threshold:≥ {{c1::38}}°C
Published	07/30/2024	If a neonate has fever, the first thing you should always think about is {{c1::infection}}
Published	07/30/2024	Although can also be attributed to dehydration, {{c1::“dehydation fever”}} is a diagnosis of exclusion in newborn infants
Published	07/30/2024	If you see delayed umbilical cord separation, think of {{c1::leukocyte adhesion defect}}
Published	07/30/2024	Unexplained hypothermia in the neonate may also be associated with {{c1::infections or other serious disturbances of the circulation or CNS::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cold stress of the neonate can lead to {{c1::profound decompensation}}, including apnea, bradycardia, respiratory distress, and metabolic acidosis
Published	07/30/2024	QC: Fatal Consequences1. Hyperthermia2. Hypothermia{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Pseudomenses}} - {{c2::Physi::Physi/Path}}ologic scant mucoid, serosanguinous (blood-tinged) vaginal secretions in the neonate as a respons…
Published	07/30/2024	Pseudomenses in the neonate always appears in the {{c1::first week::time frame}}, with its highest frequency on the {{c1::5th}} day of life
Published	07/30/2024	If you see redness and induration around the base of the umbilical stump, think of {{c1::omphalitis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Umbilical stump (1cm) falls off between {{c1::7-14}} days after birth
Published	07/30/2024	In preterm infants, falling of the umbilical cord occurs a bit {{c1::later::earlier/later}}, but not {{c1::>1 month::time}}
Published	07/30/2024	If you see oozing yellow-green pus or a bad smell from the umbilical stump, think of {{c1::infection}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Meconium}} - Odorless, thick "blackish" or dark green stool passed during the {{c2::first 24 hrs::time}} of birth composed of {{c3::amnioti…
Published	07/30/2024	Neonate stool passed >48 hrs is still physiologic{{c1::False::T/F}}
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal Periodic Breathing is {{c1::physiologic::physiologic/pathologic}}
Published	07/30/2024	As the infant begins digesting {{c2::breastmilk}}, meconium is replaced with {{c1::yellow-green::color}} stools
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Transition}} stool - Neonatal stool that appears {{c2::mustard/creamy yellow::color}} around the {{c2::3rd-5th day::Day}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Breastmilk}} stool - Neonatal stool that appears {{c2::yellow::color}} around {{c2::day 5-7::Day}} and is a measure of {{c2::milk…
Published	07/30/2024	If meconium is not passed, check for {{c1::imperforate anus, meconium plug or ileus::3}}.
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Physiologic anemia}} happens because of normal decline of hemoglobin levels during {{c2::first weeks::time}} of life
Published	07/30/2024	Etiopathophysiology of Physiologic Anemia{{c1::abrupt cessation of erythropoiesis at birth with onset of respirationdownregulation of erythropoietin p…
Published	07/30/2024	Nadir or Lowest point of neonatal Hgb is reached between {{c1::6-8 weeks::time}} after birth at Hgb level of {{c1::11g/dL}}
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of Physiologic Neonatal Anemia Threshold:{{c1::3}} months
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Can be stopped by holding or flexing the affected extremity1. Jitteriness2. Seizures{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Autonomic Responses (Brady, Tachy, Cyanosis)1. Jitteriness2. Seizures{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Seizures are considered pathologic w/ an APGAR of {{c1::4}}
Published	07/30/2024	Neonatal lethargy w/ emesis suggests {{c1::↑ ICP or IEM::2 conditions}}
Status	Last Update	Fields