Notes in 07 Musculoskeletal

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Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal 3 phase bone scan: Radionuclide {{c1::angiogram (flow: Phase 1)}} evaluates {{c2::blood flow}}, wi…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Increased flow on radionuclide angiogram suggests {{c1::hyperemia}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal 3 phase bone scan: Standard {{c1::delayed}} (skeletal) images are performed approximately 3 hours …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Normal bone scan with normal {{c1::renal::organ}} and {{c1::bladder::organ}} uptake.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalA single focus of uptake in a rib is thought to represent malignancy about {{c1::~10}}% of the time.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalUptake in similar locations in two or more adjacent ribs on bone scan is almost always due to {{c1:…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalMultiple adjacent photopenic bony lesions are unlikely to be metastases, but may represent {{c1::infarct…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalA single sternal lesion in a patient with breast cancer is due to metastasis ~{{c1::80}}% of the time.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalMultifocal areas of increased activity in {{c1::nonadjacent::adjacent/nonadjacent}} ribs are suspicious …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalA single photopenic lesion in patients with a known malignancy (especially {{c1::neuroblastoma}}, {{c2::…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalBone scan is highly sensitive for osseous metastases that induce bone turnover or are predominantly {{c1…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalBone scan has low sensitivity for predominantly {{c1::osteoclastic or lytic::osteoblastic/lytic}} metast…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalMarrow-{{c1::replacing}} tumors (e.g., lymphoma) can produce {{c3::negative::positive/negative…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Diffuse soft tissue uptake can be seen in {{c1::renal::organ}} failure.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Malignant pleural effusion or ascites can cause {{c1::increased::increased/decreased}} soft tissue…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Soft-tissue metastases containing {{c1::calcium::mineral}} can have increased uptake, including {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Soft tissue uptake associated with dystrophic calcifications can be seen after {{c1::trauma}} or i…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Breast tissue uptake on bone scan:faint uptake → {{c1::normal}}focal intense uptake → {{c1::breast…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Diffuse parenchymal uptake in kidneys can be seen with {{c1::urinary obstruction}}, {{c2::hyperpar…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal A {{c1::superscan}} is an imaging appearance on a Tc-99m diphosphonate bone scan due to …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Sagittal CT in shows {{c1::diffuse sclerotic}} appearance of the entire skeleton. This p…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalA superscan is most commonly due to metastatic {{c1::prostate}} cancer.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalSuperscans due to metabolic etiologies (eg, hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy) will de…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalSuperscan: In metastatic disease the {{c1::axial}} skeleton and proximal {{c2::humeri::bone}} and {{c2::…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalWhich bone tumor features intense and homogenous activity and may mimich osteomyelitis on bone scan?{{c1…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalBenign bone tumors that have intense uptake include: A GOOFA: {{c5::aneurysmal bone cyst}}G: {{c4::giant…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThe DDx of the double density sign includes:{{c1::osteoid osteoma}}{{c2::Brodie abscess}}{{c3::stress fr…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalRed arrows: asymmetric {{c3::regional::focal/regional}} uptake in the left femoral head Yellow arrow: in…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalYellow arrow: well circumscribed lucent lesion with a {{c1::sclerotic}} rim and {{c1::lucent}} nidusDiag…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalIn the {{c1::healing}} phase of a fracture, there is a gradual {{c2::decrease::decrease/increa…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalA {{c1::stress}} fracture represents a fracture due to {{c2::abnormal::normal/abnormal}} stress in a {{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalCommon sites of stress fractures include the {{c1::tibial diaphysis}}, the {{c2::femoral neck}}, and the…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c2::Metatarsal}} stress fractures are the most common stress injury in the foot/ankle, with 90% o…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c1::Shin splints}} cause pain from {{c2::periostitis}} at the tibial insertions of the {{c2::anterior …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalShin splints on three-phase bone scans show {{c2::normal::normal/abnormal}} blood flow and blood po…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalArrow: {{c1::linear::pattern}} uptake along anterior cortex of the right tibia{{c2::Degenerative::patter…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c1::Insufficiency}} fractures represent a fracture in response to {{c2::normal::normal/abnormal}}…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalInsufficiency fracture of the knee is a cause of {{c1::atraumatic::traumatic//atraumatic}} knee pain in …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalEvaluation of a painful hip or knee prosthesis for {{c1::loosening}} or {{c2::infection}} is a common in…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalIn a {{c1::non-cemented::cemented/non-cemented}} prosthesis, activity may remain increased up to {{c2::t…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThis H-shaped configuration is the {{c1::Honda}} sign of a {{c1::sacral insufficiency}} fracture
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalPositive findings on all three-phases of a bone scan is very specific for {{c1::osteomyelitis}} in the p…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalFocal {{c3::WBC}} activity in a region devoid of {{c2::colloid marrow}} activity in WBC i…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalTo evaluate for osteomyelitis in the presence of an underlying abnormality (e.g., fracture, pr…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalAlthough rarely performed, gallium-67 scan can also increase specificity for {{c1::osteomyelitis}} if th…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalChanges in MDP activity for Cellulitis:Blood flow phase: {{c1::increased}}Soft-tissue phase: {{c1::incre…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c2::Septic}} arthritis is positive on {{c1::all three}} phases of the bone scan on {{c1::both sid…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c1::Discitis}} shows increased skeletal activity in two adjacent vertebral bodies.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalDiagnosis: {{c1::osteomyelitis}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c1::Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy}} is a long bone {{c1::diaphyseal::part of bone}} per…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalHypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy on bone scan shows increased {{c1::parallel lines}} of…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c1::Avascular necrosis (AVN)::bone disease}} initially shows {{c2::decreased::increased/decreased}} ra…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalSPECT imaging of avascular necrosis (especially of the hips) will often show a {{c1::rim::pattern}} of i…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThe {{c2::lytic (early)}} phase of Paget disease is typically {{c1::positive::positive/negative}} on bon…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThe {{c1::mixed}} phase of Paget disease is {{c2::abnormal::normal/abnormal}} on bone scan and radiograp…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThe {{c1::sclerotic}} phase of Paget disease shows {{c2::persistent::persistent/absent}} radiographic ch…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalArrows: {{c2::hetero::homo/hetero}}-geneously increased radiotracer uptake of the right humeru…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalRadiograph of the right humerus shows {{c1::cortical and trabecular::cortical/trabecular/both}} thi…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalYellow arrow: asymmetric coarsened {{c1::trabecular::cortical/trabecular/both}} thickenin…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c1::Complex regional pain}} syndrome, previously called reflex sympathetic dystrophy, causes persisten…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalComplex regional pain syndrome: Blood pool and soft tissue phase uptake is variable, but most commonly b…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal {{c2::Blood pool (Phase 2 of bone scan)::Bone scan phase}} evaluates the {{c1::extr…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Patients should void before bone scan imaging to prevent the {{c1::bladder}} from obscur…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal What is the critical organ in a bone scan?{{c1::bladder}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Recent organ infarction (eg, brain, heart, or spleen) may show {{c1::increased::increased/dec…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Tc-99m Bone scan: Tc-99m {{c1::MDP}} and {{c1::HDP}} are technetium-labeled {{c2::diphos…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Tc-99m Bone scan: {{c1::20::#}} mCi of Tc-99m MDP / HDP is typically administered, …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalA superscan represents {{c1::diffusely::focally/diffusely}} {{c2::increased::increased/de…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThe clue to the presence of a superscan will be faint or nonvisualization of the {{c1::kidneys}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalAn acute fracture (initial injury time up to {{c1::3–4 weeks::duration}}) will show {{c2::incr…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalOn bone scan, 95% of fractures are positive after {{c3::one day::time}} in patients under 65 y…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalFractures in which part of the body rarely show activity on bone scan?{{c1::skull}}
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThe {{c1::flare}} phenomenon occurs within three months of starting chemot…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalFollowing chemotherapy treatment, radiotracer uptake should regress by {{c1::6}} months.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalComplex regional pain syndrome: Bone scan shows diffusely {{c1::increased::increased/decreased…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalIn a {{c1::cemented::cemented/non-cemented}} prosthesis, it is normal to see activity surrounding t…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalIn evaluation of a hip prosthesis, {{c1::focal::focal/generalized}} activity at the lesse…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalIn evaluation of a hip prosthesis, {{c1::generalized::focal/generalized}} increase in radiotra…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalIn the subacute phase of a fracture (up to {{c1::two to three}} months) ra…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalDuring a prosthesis evaluation, mild to moderate activity on bone scan that is limited to the …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalOne complication of {{c2::Paget}} disease is malignant degeneration to {{c1::osteosarcoma}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalWhen evaluating osteosarcoma, how does necrosis in a region of malignant degeneration appear on a bone s…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalOsteoid osteoma features a vascular {{c1::central nidus}} which demonstrates intense acti…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThe {{c2::double density}} sign of an osteoid osteoma describes an intense focus of uptake cor…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalOsteosarcoma typically causes {{c1::markedly increased}} uptake on bone scan, often with&…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalThe bone scan is typically {{c1::positive}} by the time the patient has {{c2::pain}} from a stress fract…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: MusculoskeletalA stress fracture is positive on {{c1::all three::which}} phases of the bone scan.
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal{{c2::Toddler’s}} fracture represents a {{c1::spiral::type}} fracture of the {{c1::t…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal {{c1::Skeletal scintigraphy::study}} is sensitive and specific, and routinely used in workup of a&…
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal Image shows {{c1::high::high/low}} osseous uptake (primarily axial skeleton, proximal femur, …
Published	05/01/2023	Nuclear and Molecular Imaging: Musculoskeletal The {{c1::healing}} phase of a fracture has a variable time course, with …
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