Notes in 7 Blood Physiology

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Published	10/07/2024	What is the structure of normal adult hemoglobin (Hgb A)?A. 2 alpha chains and 2 gamma chainsB. 2 alpha chains and 2 beta chainsC. 4 alpha chainsD. 4 …
Published	10/07/2024	How many oxygen molecules can a single hemoglobin (Hgb A) bind?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following is true regarding oxyhemoglobin?A. Oxyhemoglobin is a hemoglobin that has released all its oxygen molecules.B. Oxyhemoglobin is…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following are the precursors in the erythroid lineage responsible for the development of red blood cells?A. Burst-Forming Units-Erythroid…
Published	10/07/2024	Which statement accurately describes the role of the liver in the production of red blood cells?A. The liver generates new red blood cells directly fr…
Published	10/07/2024	Which organ is primarily responsible for the absorption of iron from the diet?A. StomachB. LiverC. Small IntestineD. Large Intestine
Published	10/07/2024	What happens to hemoglobin's affinity for O2 when the pH decreases due to high CO2 levels?A. It increases.B. It stays the same.C. It decreases.D. It b…
Published	10/07/2024	What is produced in muscles when they are in a catabolic state, leading to decreased hemoglobin affinity for O2?A. TransferrinB. Lactic AcidC. 2,3-bis…
Published	10/07/2024	What do the axes of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve represent?A. X-axis: O2 saturation; Y-axis: partial pressure of CO2B. X-axis: partial pre…
Published	10/07/2024	What effect does hypoperfusion of organs have on hemoglobin's affinity for O2?A. It increases the affinity.B. It has no effect.C. It decreases the aff…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following statements is true about serum?A. Serum contains fibrinogen and clotting factors II, V, and VIII.B. Serum is the liquid portion…
Published	10/07/2024	Which factor promotes a right shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?A. High pHB. Low pHC. Low temperatureD. Decreased CO2 levels
Published	10/07/2024	Which type of hemoglobin is essential for the effective transport of oxygen in the blood?A. CarboxyhemoglobinB. MethemoglobinC. OxyhemoglobinD. Deoxyh…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following statements best describes adult hemoglobin (Hb A)?A. Adult hemoglobin is composed of two alpha chains and two gamma chains (α₂γ…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following statements is true regarding carbon monoxide (CO) and its interaction with hemoglobin (Hb)?A. CO binds to hemoglobin at a diffe…
Published	10/07/2024	Hemoglobin forms that are incapable of oxygen transport include:A. Deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobinB. Oxyhemoglobin and carboxyhemoglobinC. Carboxyhe…
Published	10/07/2024	What is the primary function of the NADH-methemoglobin reductase system in red blood cells?A. Conversion of deoxyhemoglobin to oxyhemoglobinB. Reducti…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following drugs is known to potentially cause drug-induced methemoglobinemia?A. TrimethoprimB. IbuprofenC. AspirinD. Amoxicillin
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following statements is true regarding fetal hemoglobin (Hb F)?A. Hb F consists of two alpha chains and two beta chains (α₂β₂).B. Fetal h…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following statements best describes the primary function of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F)?A. Hb F facilitates the release of carbon dioxide fro…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following components is considered central to the formation of a clot during the hemostasis process?A. Sub-endothelial tissueB. Coagulati…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following statements is not true regarding the intact vascular endothelial cell layer?A. It expresses an anticoagulant phenotype that pre…
Published	10/07/2024	What occurs when there is a break in the vascular endothelial cell layer?A. Decreased procoagulant phenotype due to intact endothelial layerB. Exposur…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following best describes the process of platelet plug formation?A. Serotonin is secreted from platelets to induce powerful vasodilation d…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following are correct regarding the exposure of subendothelial matrix proteins after a vascular injury?I. Platelets adhere to collagen an…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following does not promote vasoconstriction?A. SerotoninB. Thromboxane A2 (TXA2)C. Intact Endothelial cellsD. Smooth muscle cells
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of events leading to fibrin formation?A. Intrinsic pathway → Activation of Prothrombin → Fibri…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following statements is true regarding fibrin and fibrinogen?A. Fibrin is a soluble protein that forms an insoluble clot when activated b…
Published	10/07/2024	What is the end product of the multiple cleaving processes of circulating proteins during degranulation that leads to clot stabilization?A. ThrombinB.…
Published	10/07/2024	Which of the following describes the role of thrombin in the clotting process?A. Activates plateletsB. Cleaves fibrinogen to form fibrinC. Initiates t…
Published	10/07/2024	Which factor is activated by the binding of tissue factor (TF) to factor VIIa in the extrinsic pathway?A. Factor XB. Factor IXC. Factor IID. Factor Va
Published	10/07/2024	What is the primary role of factor Xa in the extrinsic pathway of coagulation?A. Converts fibrinogen to fibrinB. Activates factor VIIC. Converts proth…
Published	10/07/2024	Which molecule is considered the central anticoagulant phenotype in the body?A. ThrombinB. FibrinogenC. AntithrombinD. Factor Xa
Published	10/07/2024	Which statement about heparin is true?A. Heparin promotes clot formation.B. Heparin is synthesized in the body only.C. Heparin can be administered syn…
Published	10/07/2024	What is a characteristic feature of protein C deficiency?A. Increased risk of unwanted blood clotsB. High blood pressureC. Atherosclerosis development…
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