Notes in Epilepsy

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	10/08/2024	Seizures are transient episodes of {{c1::abnormal electrical activity}} in the brain.
Published	10/08/2024	Focal seizures start in the {{c1::temporal}} lobes.
Published	10/08/2024	absence epilepsy will show a {{c1::spike & wave}} pattern on EEG
Published	10/08/2024	Febrile convulsions are seizures that occur in children whilst they have a {{c1::fever}}.
Published	10/08/2024	Ethosuximide Notable side effects: • {{c1::Night terrors }}• {{c1::Rashes}}
Published	10/08/2024	Generalised Tonic-Clonic SeizuresClinically: {{c1::LOC}} & {{c1::tonic-clonic}}movementsThe tonicity happens before clonic movementsIntra-ictal si…
Published	10/08/2024	Focal Seizures This type affects sensations such as {{c1::hearing}}, {{c1::speech}}, {{c1::memory}} and {{c1::emotions}}Clinical signs &…
Published	10/08/2024	Absence SeizuresThis is characterised by a {{c1::transient LOC with mouth open & eyes blinking}}During the episode, patients are unaware of t…
Published	10/08/2024	Atonic SeizuresAKA {{c1::drop attacks}}. They are {{c1::brief lapses in muscle tone}} that last less than {{c1::3 minutes}}They may be indic…
Published	10/08/2024	Myoclonic SeizuresThese are {{c1::sudden, brief muscle contractions, like a sudden jump}}.The patient remains awake during the episode.&nbsp…
Published	10/08/2024	Infantile Spasms AKA {{c3::West syndrome}}1 in 4000 starting around {{c1::6}} months of ageThese are clusters of {{c1::full body (violent flexor)…
Published	10/08/2024	By definition, febrile convulsions occur only in children between the ages of {{c1::6 months and 5 years}}. They do not usually ca…
Published	10/08/2024	Investigations and Diagnosis of Epilepsy {{c1::EEG}}: done after the second simple tonic-clonic seizure.{{c1::MRI brain}}: to visualise…
Published	10/08/2024	Sodium ValproateFirst line for most forms of epilepsy (except {{c1::focal}} seizures). It increases {{c1::GABA}} activity, which has a relax…
Published	10/08/2024	CarbamazepineThis is first line for {{c1::focal}} seizures. Notable side effects are:• {{c1::Agranulocytosis}}• {{c1::Aplastic anaemia}}• In…
Published	10/08/2024	PhenytoinNotable side effects:• {{c1::Folate}} and {{c1::vitamin D}} deficiency leading to: {{c1::Megaloblastic anemia}} and {{c1::Osteomalacia}}
Published	10/08/2024	LamotrigineNotable side effects:• {{c1::Stevens-Johnson}} syndrome or {{c1::DRESS}} syndrome: life threatening skin rashes.• {{c1::Leukopenia}}&n…
Published	10/08/2024	Status EpilepticusThese are seizures lasting >{{c1::5}} minutes or >3 seizures in one hour.Management of status epileptics in the hospital:A: {{…
Status	Last Update	Fields