Review Note
Last Update: 04/23/2024 09:06 PM
Current Deck: MRCS::Anatomy
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Anatomy of the Pelvis
- The pelvic girdle is formed by the union of the two {{c1::innominate}} bones:
- Anteriorly at the {{c1::pubis}}
- Posteriorly with their connection to the {{c1::sacrum}}
- The innominate bone is comprised of three main parts: {{c1::ilium}}, {{c1::ischium}}, and {{c1::pubis}}.
- In the young, these are connected by {{c1::cartilaginous tissue}}.
- In adults, they unite as one bone.
- The dimensions of the bony pelvis differ between sexes, being {{c1::shallower and wider}} in females and {{c1::narrower and deeper}} in males.
Pelvic Ligaments
- The pelvic bony structures are interconnected by a series of ligaments, which develop increased laxity during {{c1::pregnancy and childbirth}}.
Potential Exits
- Sites at which important anatomical structures exit the abdomen through the pelvis include:
- Anteriorly: {{c1::obturator, inguinal, and femoral canals}}
- Inferiorly: the {{c1::sciatic foramina}} also transmit structures.
Gluteal Region
Gluteal Muscles
- Gluteus maximus: inserts to {{c1::gluteal tuberosity of the femur}} and {{c1::iliotibial tract}}
- Gluteus medius: attaches to {{c1::lateral greater trochanter}}
- Gluteus minimus: attaches to {{c1::anterior greater trochanter}}
- Function: All extend and {{c1::abduct the hip}}
Deep Lateral Hip Rotators
- Include:
- {{c1::
- Piriformis
- Gemelli
- Obturator internus
- Quadratus femoris ::4}}
Nerves
- Superior gluteal nerve ({{c1::L5, S1}}):
- Innervates {{c1::Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimis, Tensor fascia lata::3}}
- Inferior gluteal nerve:
- Innervates {{c1::Gluteus maximus}}
- Damage to the superior gluteal nerve results in {{c1::Trendelenberg gait}}, where affected patients are unable to {{c1::abduct}} the thigh at the hip joint. This leads to a compensatory trunk lurch to the {{c1::weakened}} side to maintain a level pelvis.
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