Review Note
Last Update: 08/02/2024 05:16 PM
Current Deck: Chemistry::Chapter 13.1 d block elements
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Why do transition metals have variable oxidation numbers (Ca vs Ti)?
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Comparing Calcium and Titanium:
![](paste-7f83b495bbbba842d6358740b2211ebc8f5f8e0f.jpg)
Ca3+ ion is energetically unstable due to ionization energy (higher jump in graph)
However, Ti has a gradual increase of I.E. beacuse 3d and 4s are close in energy (lower jump in graph, hence sufficent stability)
![](paste-7f83b495bbbba842d6358740b2211ebc8f5f8e0f.jpg)
Ca3+ ion is energetically unstable due to ionization energy (higher jump in graph)
However, Ti has a gradual increase of I.E. beacuse 3d and 4s are close in energy (lower jump in graph, hence sufficent stability)
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