Review Note
Last Update: 09/12/2024 09:13 AM
Current Deck: 1_Medicine::2BA_ET::01 CVC::APP::1. Cicatrisation::Readings
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VEGFs include VEGF-A, B, C and D as well as PlGF (Placantal Growth Factor) and are a family of homodimeric proteins
VEGF-A → {{c1::MAJOR Angiogenic factor (Injury and Tumours)}}
VEGF-B and PlGF → {{c1::Embryonic Vessel Devellopment}}
VEGF-C and D → {{c1::Angiogenesis}} and {{c1::Lymphangiogenesis}}
They are also involved in {{c1::the maintenance of normal adult endothelium (↑↑ expression in epithelial cells adjacent to fenestrated endothelium)}}
VEGF-A → {{c1::MAJOR Angiogenic factor (Injury and Tumours)}}
VEGF-B and PlGF → {{c1::Embryonic Vessel Devellopment}}
VEGF-C and D → {{c1::Angiogenesis}} and {{c1::Lymphangiogenesis}}
They are also involved in {{c1::the maintenance of normal adult endothelium (↑↑ expression in epithelial cells adjacent to fenestrated endothelium)}}
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VEGF induces angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and formation of the vascular lumen. VEGFs also induce vascular dilation and increased vascular permeability
Hypoxia is the most important inducer of VEGF production (thru the intracellular hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) pathway). Other inducers include PDGF and TNF-α
VEGFs bind to the tyrosine kinase receptors VEGFR-1, 2 and 3
VEGFR-2 → ↑↑ in endothelium, very important for angiogenesis
Anti-VEGF antibodies are used for Cancers (Renal and Colon bc ↑↑ angiogenesis for survival) but also several ophthalamic diseases ("wet" Age-Related Macular Degeneration AMD, Retinopathy of Prematurity, Diabetic Macular Edema)
↑↑ of sVEGFR-1 (also known as s-FLT-1) may cause preeclampsia (hypertension and proteinuria) by "sopping up" the free VEGF required for maintaining a normal endothelium
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