Notes in Chapter_39:_Urology

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Published	07/07/2024	The renal fascia is also known as {{c1::Gerota's::eponym}} fascia
Published	07/07/2024	The most anterior portion of the renal hilum is the renal {{c1::vein}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most posterior portion of the renal hilum is the renal {{c1::pelvis}}
Published	07/07/2024	The middle portion of the renal hilum is the renal {{c1::artery}}
Published	07/07/2024	The right renal artery crosses {{c1::posterior}} to the IVC
Published	07/07/2024	The left renal vein crosses {{c1::anterior}} to the aorta
Published	07/07/2024	The ureters cross {{c1::anterior}} to the iliac vessels
Published	07/07/2024	Which renal vein can be ligated?{{c1::Left}}(left or right)
Published	07/07/2024	The artery within the spermatic cord is the {{c1::testicular}} artery
Published	07/07/2024	The venous system within the spermatic cord is the {{c1::pampiniform}} plexus
Published	07/07/2024	The duct for sperm in the spermatic cord is the {{c1::vas deferens}}
Published	07/07/2024	The muscle in the spermatic cord is the {{c1::cremasteric}} muscle
Published	07/07/2024	Two nerves in the spermatic cord are the {{c1::ilioinguinal}} nerve and {{c2::genital branch of the genitofemoral}} nerve
Published	07/07/2024	The most common cause of acute renal insufficiency following surgery is {{c1::hypotension}}
Published	07/07/2024	Patients who have undergone terminal ileum resection have an increased risk of {{c1::calcium oxalate}} kidney stones
Published	07/07/2024	A type of kidney stone that forms due to infections and can cause staghorn calculi is {{c1::struvite}} stones
Published	07/07/2024	Patients with ileostomies have an increased risk of {{c1::uric acid}} kidney stones
Published	07/07/2024	The medical treatment for cysteine kidney stones {{c1::tiopronin}}
Published	07/07/2024	Kidney stones that are greater than {{c1::6}} mm are not likely to pass on their own
Published	07/07/2024	The #1 cancer killer in men aged 25-35 is {{c1::testicular cancer}}
Published	07/07/2024	Testicular masses are treated with orchiectomy through an {{c1::inguinal}} incision
Published	07/07/2024	Most testicular masses are {{c1::malignant}}(benign or malignant)
Published	07/07/2024	90% of testicular masses are {{c1::germ cell}} tumors
Published	07/07/2024	All stages of seminomas are treated with {{c2::orchiectomy}} with retroperitoneal {{c1::XRT}}
Published	07/07/2024	All stages of nonseminomas are treated with {{c2::orchiectomy}} with retroperitoneal {{c1::node dissection}}
Published	07/07/2024	Nonseminomas that are stage {{c4::2}} or greater are also treated with chemo involving {{c3::cisplatin}}, {{c2::bleomycin}}, and {{c1::etoposide}}
Published	07/07/2024	Prostate cancer most common metastasizes to bone with osteo-{{c1::blastic}} lesions
Published	07/07/2024	Intracapsular prostate tumors can be treated with {{c1::XRT}} alone
Published	07/07/2024	If expected life span is >10 years, intracapsular prostate tumors can be treated with {{c1::radical prostatectomy}}
Published	07/07/2024	Prostate tumors with extracapsular invasion are treated with {{c2::XRT}} and {{c1::androgen}} ablation
Published	07/07/2024	The treatment for stage 1a prostate cancer discovered during TURP is {{c1::nothing}}
Published	07/07/2024	The PSA level after prostatectomy should go to 0 after {{c1::3}} week(s)
Published	07/07/2024	The most common primary kidney tumor is {{c1::renal cell carcinoma}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common location of renal cell carcinoma metastasis is the {{c1::lung}}
Published	07/07/2024	A radical nephrectomy involves removing the kidney, {{c1::adrenal}}, fat, {{c2::Gerota's fascia}}, and regional nodes
Published	07/07/2024	Partial nephrectomies can be performed for renal cell carcinoma tumors smaller than {{c1::4}} cm
Published	07/07/2024	The most common overall tumor found in the kidney is metastasis from {{c1::breast cancer}}
Published	07/07/2024	Renal cell carcinoma paraneoplastic syndromes can be remembered with iPear1) {{c1::Insulin}}2) {{c2::PTHrp}}3) {{c3::Erythropoietin}}4) {{c4::ACTH}}5)…
Published	07/07/2024	The treatment for transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis is {{c1::radical nephroureterectomy}}
Published	07/07/2024	Oncocytomas and angiomyolipomas are both {{c1::benign}}(benign or malignant)
Published	07/07/2024	The most common type of bladder cancer is {{c1::transitional cell carcinoma}}
Published	07/07/2024	Bladder cancer is diagnosed with {{c1::cystoscopy}}
Published	07/07/2024	If the bladder muscle is not involved (T1), bladder cancer can be treated with {{c2::intravesical BCG}} or {{c1::transurethral resection}}
Published	07/07/2024	If the bladder muscle is involved (T2 or greater), bladder cancer can be treated with {{c1::cystectomy}} with {{c2::ileal}} c…
Published	07/07/2024	The treatment for testicular torsion is {{c1::bilateral orchiopexy}}
Published	07/07/2024	End-to-end ureteral repairs are repaired using {{c1::absorbable}} suture
Published	07/07/2024	Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) typically arises in the {{c1::transitional zone}} of the prostate
Published	07/07/2024	The surgical treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is {{c1::TransUrethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)}}
Published	07/07/2024	Post-TURP syndrome can precipitate seizures due to {{c1::hyponatremia}}
Published	07/07/2024	After TURP, most patients have {{c1::retrograde ejaculation}}(sexual dysfunction)
Published	07/07/2024	Neurogenic bladder can occur with nerve injury {{c1::above}} spine level T12 and is treated with {{c2::surgery}}
Published	07/07/2024	Neurogenic obstructive uropathy can occur with nerve injury {{c1::below}} spine level T12 and is treated with {{c2::intermitt…
Published	07/07/2024	Free card {{c1:::)}}I'm not gonna make any cards over this because this is pretty basic med student knowledge of the different types of incontine…
Published	07/07/2024	Ureteropelvic obstruction is surgically treated with {{c1::pyeloplasty}}
Published	07/07/2024	Vesicoureteral reflux is treated with {{c1::ureter reimplantation}}
Published	07/07/2024	The most common urinary tract abnormality is {{c1::ureteral duplication}}
Published	07/07/2024	Ureteroceles are treated with resection and reimplantation of the ureter if they are {{c1::symptomatic}}
Published	07/07/2024	A fluid-filled, cystic structure superior to the testes along the epididymis is known as a(n) {{c1::spermatocele}}
Published	07/07/2024	An acute occuring hydrocele in an adult is concerning for a(n) {{c1::tumor}}
Published	07/07/2024	Pneumaturia is most commonly caused by a colovesical fistula that was formed due to {{c1::diverticulitis}}
Published	07/07/2024	Does pyelonephritis typically have RBC casts in the urine?{{c1::No}}
Published	07/07/2024	The pregnancy rate after repair of a vasectomy is {{c1::50}}%
Published	07/07/2024	Priapism is treated with aspiration of the corpus cavernosum and irrigation with dilute {{c1::epinephrine}} or {{c1::phenylephrine}}
Published	07/07/2024	Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is treated with {{c1::penectomy}}
Published	07/07/2024	Urine leak can be tested for with intravenous injection of {{c2::indigo carmine}} or {{c1::methylene blue}}
Published	07/07/2024	Phimosis can be treated with a slit on the {{c1::dorsal}} side
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