Notes in MSA 456 Exam 1 - Community Anki Deck

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/29/2024	test image
Published	07/31/2024	what initations an action potentional and what is threshold potentional
Published	07/31/2024	how does the actional potentional propagate
Published	07/31/2024	what does a plateau mean for AP and what cells use it
Published	07/31/2024	what ion causes plateau
Published	07/31/2024	what is rhymicity and define
Published	07/31/2024	what is excitation, refractory period and inhibition of excitability
Published	07/31/2024	what two things can cause inhibition of excitiatbility (stabilize or decrease excitability)
Published	07/31/2024	describe steps of neuromuscular junction to muscle muscle contraction
Published	07/31/2024	what are key point differnce in smooth vs skeletal muscle ocntraction
Published	07/31/2024	what kind of molecules can easily diffuse through cell membrane
Published	07/31/2024	other molecules require membrane proteins to get across how are they regulated/ decides what gets in (2)
Published	07/31/2024	what is the difference between carrier proteins vs channel proteins  and give examples
Published	07/31/2024	what is rate of diffusion depend on (3) and what causes it to increase
Published	07/31/2024	what is osmosis
Published	07/31/2024	what is osmotic pressure and what does it depend on
Published	07/31/2024	what is osmolality and explain it using NaCl and glucose
Published	07/31/2024	what is normal serum osmolality
Published	07/31/2024	how much osmotic pressure does 1 mOsm produce
Published	07/31/2024	what is a concept similiar to osmolality that is used often and define
Published	07/31/2024	when is active transport used
Published	07/31/2024	what powers active transport
Published	07/31/2024	what is the Na+ and K+ difference in the intracellular fluid vs extracellular fluid
Published	07/31/2024	what is the pH difference intracellular vs extracellular
Published	07/31/2024	what happens when ioin move down their concenctartion gradient and relate it to action potentials
Published	07/31/2024	what equations calculate membrane potention ( unlikely tested)
Published	07/31/2024	what does the charge look like at the memebrane vs the rest of the cell in an membrane potentional
Published	07/31/2024	what is the resting membrane potentional of neurons
Published	07/31/2024	what two ions create concentration gradient in membrane potentionals and how do they genreate these potentials
Published	07/31/2024	what is electrogenic mean for Na/K pump
Published	07/31/2024	what is an actional potentional
Published	07/31/2024	what is depolarization vs repolarization for action potentionals
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-1
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-2
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Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-8
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-9
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-10
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-11
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-12
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Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-14
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Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-16
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-17
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-18
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-19
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-20
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-21
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-22
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-23
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-24
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-25
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-26
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-27
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-28
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-29
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-30
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-31
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-32
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-33
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-34
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-35
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-36
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-37
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-38
Published	07/31/2024	8ec5d689fd854b7b8169c55add7c2fe5-ao-39
Published	08/02/2024	what is first order kinetics
Published	08/02/2024	in first order kinetics, The AMOUNT removed depends on the {{c1::serum}} levels.
Published	08/02/2024	need to memorize
Published	08/02/2024
Published	08/02/2024
Published	08/02/2024
Published	08/02/2024	if patient has aortic stenosis and getting kneee replacement, what is safest option
Published	08/02/2024	anatomy of the heart (labeled pic)
Published	08/02/2024	the atria...
Published	08/02/2024	the ventricles...
Published	08/02/2024	the septum (septal wall)...
Published	08/02/2024	1. Right side of the heart receives ______ blood from systemic circulation- 2. Pumps to _____ circulation for gas exchange3. Left side receives ____ b…
Published	08/02/2024	4 valves ensure...
Published	08/02/2024	AV valves are
Published	08/02/2024	Semilunar valves are
Published	08/02/2024	Systole is
Published	08/02/2024	Diastole is
Published	08/02/2024	1. when do the Aortic and pulmonic valves open?2. when do the Mitral and tricuspid valves open?3. This leads to...
Published	08/02/2024	Heart sounds correspond to
Published	08/02/2024	Ventricles begin filling passively before...% of ventricular filling is due to atrial contraction?
Published	08/02/2024	Atrioventricular (AV) valves prevent...
Published	08/02/2024	Papillary muscles are
Published	08/02/2024	Semilunar valves prevent...
Published	08/02/2024	Valves open and close passively in response to
Published	08/02/2024	3rd heart sound is
Published	08/02/2024	4 th heart sound is
Published	08/02/2024	Systolic murmurs are grades
Published	08/02/2024	Valvular Lesions are
Published	08/02/2024	Aortic Stenosis (AS) =
Published	08/02/2024	AS anesthetic goals
Published	08/02/2024	AS aviod
Published	08/02/2024	AS sound
Published	08/02/2024	Aortic Regurgitation/Insufficiency (AR/AI)=
Published	08/02/2024	AR/AI sound
Published	08/02/2024	AR/AI anesthesia goal
Published	08/02/2024	Mitral Stenosis (MS)=
Published	08/02/2024	MS sound
Published	08/02/2024	MS anesthesia goals
Published	08/02/2024	Mitral Regurgitation (MR)=
Published	08/02/2024	MR sound
Published	08/02/2024	Cardiac output (CO) is
Published	08/02/2024	Cardiac Index (CI) is
Published	08/02/2024	Venous return is
Published	08/02/2024	Frank-Starling mechanism is
Published	08/02/2024	Stroke Volume (SV) =
Published	08/02/2024	Preload =
Published	08/02/2024	Ventricular filling depends on...
Published	08/02/2024	relationship between pressure and volume is
Published	08/02/2024	Afterload =
Published	08/02/2024	Contractility (inotropy) =
Published	08/02/2024	Valvular dysfunction=
Published	08/02/2024	what are Wall motion abnormalities?
Published	08/02/2024	Assessment of Ventricular Function uses
Published	08/02/2024	Ventricular volume-pressure diagram phases (KNOW)
Published	08/02/2024	Ventricular volume-pressure diagram cont. (dont mem)
Published	08/02/2024	Ventricular volume-pressure diagrams used to show?
Published	08/02/2024	What is Diastolic Function?
Published	08/02/2024	High cardiac output due to decreased peripheral resistance=
Published	08/02/2024	Low cardiac output due to decreased effectiveness of cardiac pump=
Published	08/02/2024	Low cardiac output due to decreased venous return=
Published	08/02/2024	the methods to Measure cardiac output are...
Published	08/02/2024	what is Systolic heart failure
Published	08/02/2024	Left-sided HF affects the ____?
Published	08/02/2024	Right-sided HR affects ______?
Published	08/02/2024	Acute decompensated heart failure is...
Published	08/02/2024	Patients with chronic heart failure may have normal cardiac output at rest but are unable to ________ cardiacoutput and O2 delivery when demand increa…
Published	08/02/2024	Compensatory mechanisms for HF are
Published	08/02/2024	Ventricular Hypertrophy Volume overload is
Published	08/02/2024	Ventricular Hypertrophy pressure overload is
Published	08/02/2024	Treatments for HF are
Published	08/02/2024	what is Diastolic heart failure
Published	08/02/2024	what is Hypertrophic (Obstructive) Cardiomyopathy (HCM or HOCM)
Published	08/02/2024	Anesthetic Considerations for HCM are...
Published	08/02/2024	Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a
Published	08/02/2024	What are the effects of parasympathetic fibers on the heart?
Published	08/02/2024	How does acetylcholine (ACh) affect the heart?
Published	08/02/2024	What is the role of the vagus nerve in cardiac innervation?
Published	08/02/2024	How do sympathetic fibers affect the heart?
Published	08/02/2024	Cardiac Innervation include
Published	08/02/2024	Cardiac muscle cells - action potential - phases
Published	08/02/2024	What is the refractory period?
Published	08/02/2024	what are the THREE ions primarily responsible fordepolarization and repolarization of cardiac muscle cells?
Published	08/02/2024	cardiac conduction pathway
Published	08/02/2024	describe the SA NODE
Published	08/02/2024	describe the AV NODE
Published	08/02/2024	Describe the Bundle of His(intraventricular septum)
Published	08/02/2024	EKG review
Published	08/02/2024	cardiac arrhythmias review .
Published	08/02/2024	cardiac arrhythmias review cont.
Published	08/02/2024	describe Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Published	08/02/2024	ASD
Published	08/02/2024	VDS
Published	08/02/2024	describe Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Published	08/02/2024	Tetralogy of Fallot characteristics
Published	08/02/2024	Eisenmenger's Syndrome characerstics
Published	08/02/2024	where do Coronary arteries lie
Published	08/02/2024	1.Coronary arteries originate from _____2. therefore the fill during _____
Published	08/02/2024	SA node is supplied by?
Published	08/02/2024	AV node is supplied by?
Published	08/02/2024	Blood returns to the heart via
Published	08/02/2024	Coronary perfusion is intermittent due to...
Published	08/02/2024	Control of coronary blood flow
Published	08/02/2024	Myocardial Oxygen Balance and anesthetics' effect
Published	08/02/2024	Myocardial Oxygen Balance supply and demand
Published	08/02/2024	Pathophysiology of Ischemic heart disease /coronary artery disease (CAD)
Published	08/02/2024	CAD Signs/Symptoms:
Published	08/02/2024	Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) =
Published	08/02/2024	UA
Published	08/02/2024	STEMI
Published	08/02/2024	NSTEMI
Published	08/02/2024	MI
Published	08/02/2024	ECG findings with ACS
Published	08/02/2024	Ventricular fibrillation-
Published	08/02/2024	Decreased cardiac muscle function FROM ACS=
Published	08/02/2024	Treatment of ACS may include:
Published	08/02/2024	ACS RECOVERY=
Published	08/02/2024	Significant coronary blockage can be treated with:
Published	08/02/2024	5 TYPES OF MI
Published	08/02/2024	Pre-Operative Evaluation of Patients with Ischemic heart disease / coronary artery disease (CAD) Assessment of Preoperative Cardiac Risk
Published	08/02/2024	Pre-Operative Evaluation of Patients with Ischemic heart disease / coronary artery disease (CAD) info to get
Published	08/02/2024	Risk stratification according to type of surgery (CAD)
Published	08/02/2024	Risk stratification for patients with CAD (ACC GUIDELINES)
Published	08/05/2024	Where does the heart muscle receive blood from?
Published	08/05/2024	Where do the coronary arteries originate from?
Published	08/05/2024	When do the coronary arteries fill?
Published	08/05/2024	What is supplied by the left and right ventricles?
Published	08/05/2024	What does the right coronary artery (RCA) supply?
Published	08/05/2024	What supplies the intraventricular septum and inferior wall?
Published	08/05/2024	What does the left coronary artery (LCA) supply?
Status	Last Update	Fields