Notes in MBBS IASM M30_Jaden:)::PP Sorted by Block_Jaden (1-44)

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Published	11/20/2024	[M16 1st Summative] Q10: In a chromosome, DNA and protein are assembled into nucleosome. Which of the following gives rise to nucleosomal core? A.&nbs…
Published	11/20/2024	[M20 Formative] Q13: In chromosomes, DNA and proteins are assembled into nucleosomes. Which of the following proteins is a component of the nucleosome…
Published	11/20/2024	[M21 1st Summative] Q16:Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is often used to multiply gene copies. What will produced after 30 cycles? A.  …
Published	11/20/2024	[M22 Formative] Q12: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) exists in the form of double helix in cells. How many base pairs are there in one turn of B-form DNA …
Published	11/20/2024	[M23 Formative] Q14: There has been a long-standing debate over the biomedical nature of genetic material. Which scientist carry out an experiment to …
Published	11/20/2024	[CU MBChB 2013 Health Science]Q1: Hershey and Chase conducted the following experiment:The polymers in the organism is mostly made up ofA.  …
Published	11/20/2024	[CU MBChB 2013 Health Science]Q3: Which of the following can be found in DNA but not in RNA? A.     Adenine B.   &n…
Published	11/20/2024	[M23 1st Summative] Q7: The percentage of thymine is 29% in a genome of a person, what is the percentage of guanine?A. 21%B. 29%C. 42%D. 62%E. 72%
Published	11/20/2024	[IHD Block] The process whereby mRNA produces protein is BEST described as: A.     Initiation B.     Promotion…
Published	11/20/2024	The portion of the gene that codes for the amino acids of a protein is BEST called: A.     The exon B.     The…
Published	11/20/2024	Which of the following statements about RNA processing is INCORRECT? A.     mRNA is translated once then degraded B.    …
Published	11/20/2024	Which of the following statements about protein synthesis is INCORRECT? A.     Peptidyltransferase catalyses the formation of the …
Published	11/20/2024	[M18 Formative] Q13: Codons are important in the transcription and translation of DNA. Which of the following is a property of codons? A.  &…
Published	11/20/2024	[M18 Formative]Q14: Which of the following enzyme is responsible for transcription of chromosomal gene to mRNA? A.     DNA depende…
Published	11/20/2024	[M18 1st Summative] Q18: Polymerase chain reaction can be used to detect viral DNA inside a cell. The viral genome-specific forward primer5'-GATTTCCGT…
Published	11/20/2024	[M19 Formative] Q14: Mature mRNA can be used for protein synthesis. Which element of mature mRNA (in human cells) is critical for translation? A.&nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M20 Formative] Q14: The precursor of mRNA molecule must be processed before translation. Which of the following is a critical process before mRNA is …
Published	11/20/2024	[M21 1st Summative] Q11: What of the following is a critical mRNA processing event? A.     Formation of open complex B. &nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M22 Formative] Q13: An mRNA precursor molecule is processed before it is used for translation. Which of the following is a critical mRNA processing e…
Published	11/20/2024	[M23 Formative] - Modified Q35: RNA polymerase uses a template strand of DNA for the transcription of mRNA, what direction does RNA polymerase move al…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 Formative] An mRNA precursor molecule is processed before it is used for translation. Which of the following is a critical mRNA processing event…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Summative] Q12: What is the most important regulation step in gene expression? A.     RNA synthesis B.   &…
Published	11/20/2024	[IHD Block] Which of the following is LEAST characteristic of the peptide bond? A.     It has no charge associated with it B.&nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M15 Formative] Q12: Protein is a polymer of amino acids. Which of the following is the back skeleton of a protein making of 3 amino acids? (Note…
Published	11/20/2024	[M16 Formative] Q10: Bradykinin is a peptide hormone composed of nine amino acids that lowers blood pressure. Its primary structure is arg-pro-pro-gly…
Published	11/20/2024	[M17 Formative] Q10: Protein is a polymer of amino acids. Which of the following is the back skeleton of a protein making of 3 amino acids? A. &n…
Published	11/20/2024	[M19 Formative] Q15: Proline is one of the 20 amino acids. Missense mutation of a proline residue in alpha helix and beta sheets can change the confo…
Published	11/20/2024	[M19 1st Summative] Q26: What type of protein structure confers the three-dimensional structure of multiple polypeptide chains? A.   &n…
Published	11/20/2024	[M20 1st Summative] Q18: The secondary structure of protein, which is important for the local formation of backbone of protein structure. Which …
Published	11/20/2024	[M21 Formative] Q9: Proline is one of the 20 amino acids. Missense mutation of a proline residue in alpha helix and beta sheets can change the conform…
Published	11/20/2024	[M22 Formative] - Modified Q10: Protein has long side chain in the group. Which two standard amino acids contain sulphur atoms? A.   &n…
Published	11/20/2024	[M22 1st Summative] Q10: Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone, is a small peptide that regulate the reabsorption of water in the renal syst…
Published	11/20/2024	[M23 Formative] Q40: Which of the following amino acids can form disulphide bonds? A.     Alanine B.     Cyste…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 Formative] Enzyme catalysis is mediated by side chains of amino acids in the enzyme's catalytic site, through covalent and non-covalent mechanism…
Published	11/20/2024	Secondary protein can form alpha-helix or beta-pleated sheet. Which of the following amino acids disrupts alpha helix? A.     Glyc…
Published	11/20/2024	[CU MBChB 2014 Health Science] Q28: Quaternary structure is possible for a protein to exist only when A.     The amino acid cyste…
Published	11/20/2024	[1998 IHD Block - MCII] (T / F for each option) 9. The following general relationships exist between protein structures and their biological functions…
Published	11/20/2024	[M14 1st Summative] Q97: Deficiency of ascorbic acid can cause a condition known as scurvy. Which of the following biochemical reaction is ascorbic ac…
Published	11/20/2024	[M15 1st Summative] Q8: What does the hill plot of myoglobin and haemoglobin show? A.     Both myoglobin and haemoglobin show posi…
Published	11/20/2024	Q64: Which of the factors below will decrease the haemoglobin-O2 saturation in the blood? A.     Increased pCO2 in blood B.  …
Published	11/20/2024	[M16 1st Summative] Q8: The Hill plot shows cooperativity of binding with oxygen. What is the difference between the binding of Myoglobin and Haemogl…
Published	11/20/2024	[M17 1st Summative] Q20: Haemoglobin has two states, Tension (T) and relaxed (R). What are the changes when deoxygenated haemoglobin binds to oxygen i…
Published	11/20/2024	[M17 1st Summative]Q36: Haemoglobin is used to transfer oxygen by chemically binding to it, which of the following situation will cause a decrease in …
Published	11/20/2024	[M18 Formative] Q16: Myoglobin and Haemoglobin are the haem proteins that carry oxygen molecules in the human body. The Hill plot is always used to st…
Published	11/20/2024	[M19 1st Summative] Q59: Pulmonary gaseous exchange depends on the diffusion of gases between capillaries and alveoli. Which of the following can incr…
Published	11/20/2024	[M20 Formative] Q18: Foetus haemoglobin carries oxygen during foetal development and it binds with higher affinity than adult haemoglobin. What subuni…
Published	11/20/2024	[M21 1st Summative] Q17: Aspartate carbamoyltransferase (ATCase) catalyse the first step of pyrimidine biosynthesis. The multimeric enzyme binds carba…
Published	11/20/2024	[M21 1st Summative]Q46: What will decrease the oxygen-haemoglobin saturation in blood? A.     Anaemia B.     C…
Published	11/20/2024	[M22 1st Summative] Q7: Subunit structure of foetal haemoglobin? A.     α2β2 B.     α2γ2 C.   &…
Published	11/20/2024	[M23 Formative] Q41: Haemoglobin has two conformational states depending on the binding of oxygen to the protein. Which of the following is adopted i…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 Formative] Myoglobin is an oxygen carrying molecule. How many oxygen molecule(s) can myoglobin bind to?A. 1B. 2C. 4D. 8E. 16
Published	11/20/2024	[CU MBChB 2015 Health Science] Q22: Proteins can be divided into globular and fibrous. Which of the following is not globular protein? A.  &…
Published	11/20/2024	[CU MBChB 2016 Health Science] Q6: Which of the following are fibrous proteins? A.     Fibrinogen B.     Sucro…
Published	11/20/2024	[M12 1st Summative] Q10: In enzyme-mediated catalysis, which of the following is a characteristic? A.     The process is independe…
Published	11/20/2024	[M15 Formative] Q16: Allosteric enzyme play an important role in regulating many metabolic reactions. In addition to catalytic site, there is regulato…
Published	11/20/2024	[M17 1st Summative] Q14: Substitution of an amino acid in a protein can cause a conformational change. A mutation can increase the affinity between th…
Published	11/20/2024	[M20 Formative] Q21: Many instances of enzyme-mediated catalysis depend on the presence of coenzymes. Which of the following is an example of a coenzy…
Published	11/20/2024	[M21 Formative] Q10: Enzymes are catalytically active in the presence of coenzymes. Which of the following is function of coenzymes in enzyme-mediated…
Published	11/20/2024	[M22 1st Summative] Q11: Which of the following is the function of enzyme? A.     Increase the activation energy for a reaction B.…
Published	11/20/2024	[M23 1st Summative] - Modified Q14: What is the reason behind the sigmoid curve of enzymes? A.     It is a oligomeric enzyme. B.  …
Published	11/20/2024	[IHD Block] Mr. Chan has just finished a big meal of deep fried pork and squid at the local dai paai dong. The lipoprotein that is MOST likely to be i…
Published	11/20/2024	If Mrs. Foong has a deficiency of lipoprotein lipase, which of the following is LEAST likely to occur? A.     Her chylomicron leve…
Published	11/20/2024	The main organ of excretion of cholesterol in the body is the: A.     Kidney B.     Large intestine C. &n…
Published	11/20/2024	The main carrier of cholesterol in the blood is: A.     Chylomicron B.     HDL C.     LDL …
Published	11/20/2024	A low level of HMG CoA reductase activity is MOST likely seen in: A.     A vegetarian diet B.     A deficiency…
Published	11/20/2024	[M12 1st Summative] Q64: The protein components of lipoproteins contain cell-targeting signals. Which of the following proteins is known to be rec…
Published	11/20/2024	[M16 Formative] Which of the following transport diet-derived triacylglycerol to adipose tissue? A.     Chylomicron B.  …
Published	11/20/2024	[M16 1st Summative] - Modified Q102: Dietary lipids have to be digested for absorption by intestinal cells. After repackaging, what is the lipid diges…
Published	11/20/2024	[M17 1st Summative] Q19: Which of the following transport diet-derived cholesterol and cholesterol esters in blood? A.     Chylomi…
Published	11/20/2024	[M18 Formative] Q15: In the vascular transport system of the body, which of the following delivery forms transport triacylglycerols to adipose tissue …
Published	11/20/2024	[M18 1st Summative] Q22: Which of the following is produced in the liver for the transport of lipids in the bloodstream? A.     Ch…
Published	11/20/2024	[M19 Formative] Q22: Amy, 18 years old, complains of abdominal pain several hours after dinner. She is sent to Accident and Emergency, Queen Mary Hosp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M19 1st Summative] Q9: Which of the following is packed with TG and transported to the peripheral cell by the liver? A.     Chylo…
Published	11/20/2024	[M20 Formative] Q22: Fat yields more ATP than glucose on a gram to gram basis. In which of the following form is fat stored in adipose tissue? A.&nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M20 1st Summative] Q14: Lipid is an essential substance in diet. Which of the following form of lipid is found most in foods? A.   &n…
Published	11/20/2024	[M20 2nd Summative] Q28: Which of the following is responsible for delivery of dietary lipid in blood? A.     Apolipoprotein E B.&…
Published	11/20/2024	[M21 1st Summative] Q19: Dietary triglyceride is absorbed into intestinal enterocyte and channelled to the vascular delivery. Which of the following l…
Published	11/20/2024	[M22 Formative] Q19: Amy, 18 years old, complained of abdominal pain and was taken to the Accident and Emergency Ward at Queen Mary Hospital at 5 am i…
Published	11/20/2024	[M22 1st Summative] Q16: Young girl with severe abdominal pain was sent to A&E at 5 a.m. Blood sample appears milky with elevated TAG. Fat intake …
Published	11/20/2024	Q51: Certain apolipoproteins are associated with particular lipoproteins. Which apolipoprotein is found in high density lipoproteins? A.  &n…
Published	11/20/2024	[M23 1st Summative] Q16: After fat soluble vitamins are absorbed into enterocytes and repackaged, how are they transported to the liver? A. &nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Summative] Q59: Amy, 18 years old, complained of abdominal pain and was taken to the Accident and Emergency Ward at Queen Mary Hospital at 5 …
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative]1.1 What gland uses holocrine secretion? (wording may not be accurate) A.    Exocrine pancreatic cells B. …
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative]Q2: This is a picture of the scalp. What Gland is shown in the picture below?A.    SebaceousB.  &nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	1.1  The mesoderm gives rise to many structures in the body. What structure is derived from the intermediate mesoderm? A.    Brain…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative]1.4  What are the cells that form inner surface of the central canal of the spinal cord? A.    Astrocytes …
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 1.1  During implantation, the embryo is embedded into the maternal endometrium. Which cell layer plays the MOST ACTIVE ROLE …
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 1.1  What organ does this type of epithelium line?A.    Oesophagus B.    SkinC. &n…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 1.1  The primordial germ cells undergo cytodifferentiation to become a mature sperm. Which process is responsible for the con…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 1.1  Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary genetic disease. What is the nature of the genetic change that elads to cystic fibrosis?…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 1.1  What are the molecules found in chylomicrons that transport substances away from enterocytes to the bloodstream A. …
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 1.1     Understanding DNA structure and function is important building block for biomedical science. If the se…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  You are providing care for a family with a rare neurological disorder. A boy and a girl are affected and show very simil…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  Next generation sequencing-by-synthesis is important in precision medicine. Which of the following components in sequenc…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  Some diseases have significantly different prevalence in different parts of the world. Why is sickle cell anemia MORE CO…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  What is the state of potency of cells in the inner cell mass of an embryo after implantation? A.    Totip…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  Classical Sanger sequencing and next generation sequencing are important technologies to detect sequence variations. Whi…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  Vaccination is an important antigen-specific immune reaction. What cellular mediator is involved in this process? A.&nbs…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  A new test shows positive results for 80 out of 100 patients and 30 out of 100 normal individuals. What is the negative …
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  Dr A is responsible for establishing reference intervals of hormonal tests for clinical use. A single reference interval…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1  Which bacteria requires components of the blood for in vitro culturing? A.    Eescherichia coli B. &…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 2.1     Which bacteria would need to be detected through Antibody testing rather than invitro culture? A.&nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  You performed a blood pressure measurement on a patient infected with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus using …
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  A 21 year old female is sent to the A&E, she has high fever and is unconscious, she also has a travel history to wes…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  A 45-year-old woman undergoes a smear test in cervix screening. Microscopy shows a certain extent of malignancy of squam…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  Epidemiological change from acute to chronic disease. Which group shows the most significant reduction in mortality?A.&n…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  Where does most of Hong Kong’s health financing come from after government spending? A.    Employment Ins…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  What type of adverse drug reaction is Johnson-Syndrome classified as? A.    Type AB.    Ty…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  What considerations should one have when using drugs dealing with spare receptors? A.    One should use h…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  What does a Phase One Drug Trial test for? A.    Testing for Maximal dosage of drug B.  &nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1  The plasma membrane separates the cell and its surrounding environment. Which process involves the transport of glucose …
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 3.1     Action potentials travel along the axon by continuous propagation or by saltatory propagation. Which w…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 4.1  What is the definition of Interstitial fluid? A.    Extracellular fluid volume plus Intracellular fluid v…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 6.1  The daughter of healthy parents develops symptoms of an X-linked disease. The mother carries a mutant allele. Which of t…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 6.1 Which of the following occurs when the cell is committed to the M phase? A.    Dephosphorylation of CDK-1 by CD…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] - Modified 6.1  A signal from which component of cell cycle causes a cell to be stuck in the G2 phase. A.    C…
Published	11/20/2024	[M28 1st Summative] 6.1  What causes the uniparallel direction of action potentialA.    Sodium Channels B.    Potas…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 1. Nucleoproteins are associated with nucleic acids including DNA and RNA. In a cell, where are nucleoproteins synthesized? A.&nbs…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 2. Our blood contains a lot of cells for the innate immune system. Among all, which of the following is the precursor of macrophag…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 2. Which type of neurons are most likely affected by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)? A. Apolar B. Bipolar C. Multipolar D. Ps…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 3. In oogenesis, oogonia go through many phases to form primary, secondary and mature oocytes. What stage is the oocyte in when it…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] - Modified 4. Which checkpoint is responsible for inhibiting the cell cycle if there is incomplete DNA synthesis? A. G0 B. G1 C. G…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 6. Apart from oral route, drugs can be administered parenterally. Which of the following is correct regarding parenteral routes of…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 7. A test has tested positive in 80 out of 100 patients and 30 out of 100 normal individuals. What is the negative predictive valu…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 8. According to NIH Acupuncture Consensus Panel Findings for Clinic al Evidence (1997), what is a positive effect of acupuncture i…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 9. What is the main component of the skin dermis? A. Vimentin B. Collagen C. Elastin D. Ground substance
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 10. Which of the following viruses cannot be inactivated by detergents? A. Human metapneumovirus B. Influenza virus C. Rhinovirus …
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 11. A 60-year-old woman from South Asian ancestry purchased direct-to-consumer testing. She is tested to have an increased risk of…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 12. Soluble factors are produced by our innate immune system in non-specific mechanisms. Which of the following is a soluble facto…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 13. A 40-year-old grandma cut her finger when cooking, leading to 2cm laceration in length. She was admitted to A&E, and the d…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 14. Hong Kong has regions with poor health status. One of the main reasons is that people cannot afford paying medical services. T…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 15. Which of the following can act as an endogenous pyrogen? A. Acetylcholine B. Serotonin C. Interleukin-1 D. Dopamine
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 16. Which of the following is a characteristic of the parenteral route? A. Intramuscular injection has a slower response than subc…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 17. Which inorganic phosphate contributes to muscle soreness? A. Creatine phosphate B. IP3 C. Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trispho…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 18. What is a notable difference between Sanger sequencing and sequencing by synthesis? A. Sequencing by synthesis produces larger…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 19. A drug works by inhibiting an enzyme, and its effectiveness can be counterbalanced by the supply of substrates. What mechanism…
Published	11/20/2024	[M26 1st Formative] 20. When the brain undergoes asphyxiation, what happens to the neurons? A. Increase in the ATP content B. Increase in calcium cont…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]1. You are about to give levobupivacaine, a local anaesthetic drug, by local wound invasion to a patient to relieve postoperative…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) is a commonly used histological stain. Which of the following parts of the cell is basophilic un…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]There are different modes of secretion in glandular epithelium. Which of the following glands is involved in apocrine secretion? …
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]4. What types of connective tissue can be found in the image?A. dense irregular and adipose B. dense regular and adipose C. dense…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]5. From the figures, which type of epithelium is best-suited to wear and tear forces in mucosal area, e.g. oral cavity?
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]6. AUG is the first codon which is to be translated by ribosomes. AUG also codes for the aminoacid methionine. What is the sequen…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]7. Carbon monoxide will bind to which part of the haemoglobin? A. 2,3 bisphosphoglyceric acid B. Alpha subunit C. Beta subunit D.…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]8. Aerobic Respiration is a process which converts Glucose into Adenosine triphosphate. What is used to oxidise glucose in glycol…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]9. You receive a case of a rare neurological genetic disease. A boy and a girl are affected andpresent similar symptoms. Thr…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]10. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is used to assess the changes in plasma glucoseconcentrations in response to a gl…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]11. Which of the following is typically recovered from skin scrapings of a patient with tinea infection?A. Aspergillus fumig…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]12. Infection by which of the following organisms is normally diagnosed with antibody testing ratherthan bacterial culture? …
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]13. Which of the following group of parasite has an elongated and segmented body? A. Cestode B. Nematode C. TrematodeD. Protozoa
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]14. Which of the following requires blood components for culture in vitro? A. Escherichia coli B. Haemophilus influenzae C. Pseud…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]15. In clinical laboratories, reference intervals of analytes are often partitioned to improve sensitivity in detecting abnormali…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]16. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a rare, serious disorder on skin and mucous membranes. What type of adverse drug reaction is this…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]17. The choice of routes of drug administration are governing by various factors such as the physical and chemical properties of …
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]18. CDK is an important kinase that regulates cell cycle progression. Which of the following is known to regulate CDK activity? A…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]19. A patient has been diagnosed with (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) ALS. What physiological and mechanical aspects of muscle ti…
Published	11/20/2024	[M25 1st Formulative]20. Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of a zoonotic disease? A. It is in excess of normal expectancy B. I…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 1 Cell chromosome content varies in different stages during the cell cycle. What is the cell chromosome content during …
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 2 As red blood cells contain no nuclei or organelles, they rely on cytoskeletal proteins for durability and resilience.…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 3 Originally considered as purely non-functional glue for neurones, glial cells are now proven to be essential for nerv…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 4 Which of the options is an important virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae that is crucial for vaccine product…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 5 Viral infections may be diagnosed by various laboratory methods. Which of the following diagnostic tests depends on a…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 6 Vesicular transport moves materials into or out of a cell in vesicles. By what mechanism are neurotransmitters releas…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 7 The seven transmembrane receptor acts by forming a cell signal transduction system that comprises itself, a GTP-bindi…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 8 Skeletal muscle fibres are innervated by motor neurons via motor units and neuromuscular junctions. Compared to the b…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 9 Enzyme catalysis is mediated by side chains of amino acids in the enzyme’s catalytic site, through covalent and non-c…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 10 Warfarin is an anticoagulant with a narrow therapeutic index. In order to prevent over anticoagulation for people wi…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 11 Multiple types of organelles are present inside a cell. Which of the following organelles is involved in calcium sto…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 12 In oogenesis, oogonia go through many phases to form primary, secondary and mature oocytes. Which stage are secondar…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 13 Junctional structures are common in all epithelial tissues. Which junctional structure is associated with a band of …
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 14 Myoglobin is an oxygen carrying molecule. How many oxygen molecule(s) can myoglobin bind to? A.   1 B.&nbs…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 15 F26P is an important substance in the reciprocal coordination of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis for human body to ad…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 16 The Cori Cycle is an inter-organ metabolic pathway with economical utilization of glucose during physical exercise s…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 17 Thiopurines are effective drugs for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, inflammatory bowel disease and recip…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 18 Different electrolytes are found in the body fluids. What is the chemical element that forms the predominant cation …
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] - Modified Question 19 The human core body temperature is normally maintained at around 37℃ by the thermoregulatory center. If t…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 20 The microbiology laboratory calls you and tells you that a Gram negative bacterium is isolated from the patient’s bl…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 21 Which of the following groups of normal individuals should be excluded when establishing a reference interval for pl…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 22 Which types of epithelium is characterized by having an array of membrane-bound vesicles in the cytoplasm?   A.…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 23 ATP plays an important role in excitation contraction coupling of skeletal muscles. What is the physiological basis …
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 24 Transmission of nerve signals depends on the generation of action potential. Which of the following types of nerve f…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] - Modified Question 25 Excitable cells generate action potential for signal transmission. Which of the decrease in permeability …
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 26 A patient has ingested a herbicide: 2,4-dichloro acid. The doctor decides to administer sodium bicarbonate intraveno…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 27 The placenta is very important and it contains maternal and fetal tissue. Which of the following sequences is the co…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 28 An mRNA precursor molecule is processed before it is used for translation. Which of the following is a critical mRNA…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 29 Secondary protein can form alpha-helix or beta-pleated sheet. Which of the following amino acids disrupts alpha heli…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 30 Humoral immune response antibody against which types of pathogen/abnormal cell? A.   Intracellular pathoge…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 31 Effective immune response depends on innate and acquired immunity. Innate immunity mechanism exists before exposure …
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 32 What is the type of connective tissue found in skin dermis?   A.   Areolar connective tissue B. …
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 33 Which of the following is directly involved in the adaptive immune system?   A.   Antigen receptor B.…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 34 Familial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder. The prevalence is approximately one…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 35 Plasmodium is known to cause malaria, which has high fatality. Which of the following species of Plasmodium has cyto…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 36 It is said that asthma has 0.8 heritability. What does this imply?   A.   80% of the diseases are du…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 37 Inactivating mutations of the Retinoblastoma (RB) gene lead to the development of retinoblastoma. What is a known fu…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 38 Which of the following contributes the largest share of medical expense in Hong Kong? A.   Medical Saving …
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 39 Which of the following are control knobs of the healthcare system according to Roberts (2004)? A.   Financ…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 40 Thymidylate synthesis is a folate dependent pathway involved in one-carbon metabolism. What is the impact of impaire…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 41 Which of the following will activate innate response?   A.   Acute phase proteins B.  &nbsp…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 42 Vaccine can be used as prevention of disease. It can also be used as a diagnosis method. What disease can be diagnos…
Published	11/20/2024	[M24 1st Formulative] Question 43 Gram negative bacteria has different structure from Gram positive bacteria. Which of the following structure is only…
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