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Published	04/13/2024	1. What is a trainer?
Published	04/13/2024	3. Flight instructors are {{c1::trainers}}. If you are a flight instructor, your aim is to give studentsgood instruction and sufficient practice so th…
Published	04/13/2024	4. Part one of this guide is designed to describe some basic instructional techniques thatapply to:(a) {{c1::ground school training;}}(b) {{c2::prepar…
Published	04/13/2024	5. By using these techniques you will make {{c1:: learning easier for your students}} as you helpthem meet {{c1::the required flight test standar…
Published	04/13/2024	6. No one ever {{c1::learns}} except through {{c1::their own activity}} and there is, strictly speaking, nosuch art as teaching, {{c1::only the art of…
Published	04/13/2024	The instructional techniques described in this guide suggest actions that can be performedto {{c1::stimulate student activity}}. These activities may …
Published	04/13/2024	7. Learning is made easier when the following factors are used (just name them):
Published	04/13/2024	(a) READINESS — {{c1::Ensure students are mentally, physically and emotionally ready to learn.}}(b) PRIMACY — {{c2::Present new knowledge or skills co…
Published	04/13/2024	The learning factors listed above are useful {{c1::"tools"}} when they are applied correctly.
Published	04/13/2024	To learn, a person must {{c1::be ready to do so}}. An effective instructor understands thisnecessity and does the utmost to provide {{c2::well conceiv…
Published	04/13/2024	Under certain circumstances you can do little, if anything, to inspire {{c1::a student to learn}}. If{{c1::outside responsibilities}}, {{c3::inte…
Published	04/13/2024	READINESS Start lessons with an {{c1::ATTENTION GETTING}} opening. For examples of openingsentences that are effective,
Published	04/13/2024	State {{c1::SPECIFICALLY WHAT is required}} during the lesson and {{c2::how you intend toprove that the student has the knowledge}} or {{c3::can …
Published	04/13/2024	Tell students the {{c1::PURPOSE}} of the lesson and stress {{c2::the BENEFIT}} from the newknowledge or skill. Try to give more than one reason f…
Published	04/13/2024	Specify {{c1::WHERE}} the lesson fits into the overall picture, and {{c2::relate the lessons to pastexperiences}} that the students may have had.…
Published	04/13/2024	If the new material is dependent on students having mastered previous lessons,{{c1::confirm that the required level has been attained }} before procee…
Published	04/13/2024	{{c1::Plan for reviews}} of lesson material. Students start to forget the moment they leavethe instructional environment. The greatest rate of forgett…
Published	04/13/2024	Statistics are based on an {{c1::average cross-section}} of students
Published	04/13/2024	Curve is very steep initially — within two days students will remember less than{{c1::70% of what they learned.}}
Published	04/13/2024	At {{c1::the end of the month}} without reviews students will only rememberapproximately {{c2::40%}} of lesson material.
Published	04/13/2024	When students are presented with new knowledge or skills, {{c1::the first impression received isalmost}} unshakeable. This means that what you te…
Published	04/13/2024	Frequently you will be required to perform manoeuvres in theaircraft before a student has had the necessary background training. You must performthose…
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Published	04/13/2024	To maintain at least a {{c2::70%}} level, a review should be conducted within {{c1::two days}} after the initial training.
Published	04/13/2024	After learning material a {{c1::second time}} the curve flattens out somewhat, butafter {{c2::seven days}} the student is back down to the {{c3::70%}}…
Published	04/13/2024	Another review and the curve really flattens. The student will be above{{c1::70%}} retention until approximately {{c2::day 28.}}
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Published	04/13/2024	Attempt to {{c1::give a perfect demonstration}} of the manoeuvres to be learned in the nextlesson. If students read or study exercise material {{c2::w…
Published	04/13/2024	If practicable, start each lesson {{c1::with a perfect demonstration.}} Sometimes it may bebetter to avoid talking during this demonstration to allow …
Published	04/13/2024	While the student {{c1::is performing an exercise}}, supervise the actions very closely. {{c2::Stop the}} student as soon as any performance erro…
Published	04/13/2024	Close supervision means — {{c1::NEVER allow a student to make an errorduring the initial stages of training.}} Think of how you would go ab…
Published	04/13/2024	RELATIONSHIP: This particular learning factor emphasizes the necessity for your student {{c1::to understandrelationships between new and old fact…
Published	04/13/2024	RELATIONSHIP: During flight training, students must understand not only why they are learning aparticular exercise, but {{c1::how that exercise combin…
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Published	04/13/2024	Always {{c1::review}} basic knowledge before proceeding to the {{c2::unknown}}. The process is continued until students have mastered all the required…
Published	04/13/2024	Present new material {{c1::in stages}}, confirming  {{c2::that students have mastered one stage}}before proceeding to the next. The length of tim…
Published	04/13/2024	Reinforce students' learning of new facts or ideas by {{c1::frequently summarizing themajor points of your}} lesson.
Published	04/13/2024	Use {{c1::examples and comparisons}} to show how the new material being learned {{c2::isreally not much different from that already known}} by yo…
Published	04/13/2024	The examples you use may {{c1::be real or imaginary}} as the main purpose of an example is to {{c2::paint averbal picture}} so students {{c3::can…
Published	04/13/2024	Definition of READINESS
Published	04/13/2024	Definition of PRIMACY
Published	04/13/2024	Definition of RELATIONSHIP
Published	04/13/2024	Definition of EXERCISE
Published	04/13/2024	Definition of INTENSITY
Published	04/13/2024	Definition of EFFECT
Published	04/13/2024	Definition of RECENCY
Published	04/13/2024	{{c1::Meaningful mental or physical}} activity is essential if learning is to occur
Published	04/13/2024	Meaningful mental or physical activity is essential if learning is to occur. During flighttraining this is achieved through {{c1::correct practice or …
Published	04/13/2024	If students are able to answer questions involving the words {{c1::"how"}} and {{c1::"why"}}, it usuallymeans that they have a {{c2::good understandin…
Published	04/13/2024	As a flight instructor these twowords are probably the most important in your vocabulary.
Published	04/13/2024	Should you attempt to employthe {{c1::application level of learning}} without having covered {{c2::the understanding level}}, studentswill encounter m…
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Published	04/13/2024	Unless testing to see what students have learned, avoid questions that are prefixed by{{c1::the word "what"}}. Give students the facts, figures and ne…
Published	04/13/2024	Once you have told students a fact, avoid {{c1::repeating yourself}}. Instead, {{c1::have themrelate the facts back to you}}. This strengthens learnin…
Published	04/13/2024	Give students {{c1::challenging problems}} that fit {{c1::the level of learning}} and provide {{c2::onlyenough assistance to keep them on track}}. Whe…
Published	04/13/2024	Test students' knowledge and abilities frequently. This {{c1::reinforces learning}} and builds{{c1::confidence}}. However, before testing you must be …
Published	04/13/2024	Students learn more from {{c1::dramatic or exciting}} experiences than from boring ones
Published	04/13/2024	It is a well-known fact that a student's {{c1::"lookout" while flying}} will improve considerably after a firstexperience with a near miss.
Published	04/13/2024	There is no suggestion here that you provide your studentwith a near miss, but you should attempt {{c1::to make your students' learning experiencesexc…
Published	04/13/2024	Example: After students have learned fuelmanagement and other aspects of cross-country navigation, you notice that they disregardthe fuel quantity gau…
Published	04/13/2024	The Learning Factor of Intensity implies that students will learn more {{c1::from realexperiences than from substitutes}}. You will have to use your i…
Published	04/13/2024	Attempt to employ a wide range {{c1::of speech}} variation in rate, {{c1::volume}} and {{c1::pitch}} to keepstudents attentive.
Published	04/13/2024	(1) Show {{c1::enthusiasm}} and {{c2::sincerity}} for the subject you are teaching.
Published	04/13/2024	Use appropriate and effective {{c1::gestures}} while explaining major points. The lessonwill seem to "come alive" and the points made will make a grea…
Published	04/13/2024	Use a variety of {{c1::training aids}} to {{c2::appeal to as many senses}} as possible. Each aidmust relate directly to the subject matter being taugh…
Published	04/13/2024	Learning is {{c2::strengthened}} when accompanied by a {{c1::pleasant or satisfying}} feeling.
Published	04/13/2024	Learning is strengthened when accompanied by a pleasant or satisfying feeling. Studentswill learn and remember more under these conditions than when f…
Published	04/13/2024	If you were to demonstrate a spin during thefirst air lesson, students would likely feel {{c1::some inferiority if not actual fear}}. The experiencewo…
Published	04/13/2024	Learning is strengthened when accompanied by a pleasant or satisfying feeling. Studentswill learn and remember more under these conditions than when f…
Published	04/13/2024	This example is ratherobvious but you need to consider how your actions could produce feelings of {{c1::frustration oranger}}. For example, you ask a …
Published	04/13/2024	Whatever the learning situation, it should contain {{c1::elements that affect your studentpositively}} and give {{c2::feelings of satisfaction}}.…
Published	04/13/2024	Involve students in the lesson by {{c1::developing some of the new material from them}}.This can be done by asking students questions related to the s…
Published	04/13/2024	Throughout your lessons, obtain feedback from students {{c1::by asking questions}}, {{c2::observing the performance of a skill}} and {{c3::watching fo…
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