Notes in Mod 4

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/17/2023	what are the two types of cell death that result from irreversible injury
Published	09/17/2023	what are adaptive changes that cells make in response to stress/injury
Published	09/17/2023	what cell types are able to replicate in response to injury
Published	09/17/2023	what cells are not capable of replicating in response to injury
Published	09/17/2023	what are laible cells ? + examples
Published	09/17/2023	what are stable cells ? + example
Published	09/17/2023	what are permanent cells ? + examples
Published	09/17/2023	what is hypertrophy
Published	09/17/2023	What is hyperplasia?
Published	09/17/2023	what are some of the limiting factors of hypertrophy
Published	09/17/2023	what is the resident macrophage of the liver?
Published	09/17/2023	what is atrophy
Published	09/17/2023	what is physiological atropy? example
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Published	09/17/2023	what are some reasons pathological atrophy may be seen?
Published	09/17/2023	what is hypoplasia
Published	09/17/2023	what is another name for testicular hypoplasia ?
Published	09/17/2023	what is metaplasia
Published	09/17/2023	what is the most common form of metaplasia
Published	09/17/2023	what are some common causes of cell injury
Published	09/17/2023	what are some of the mechanisms and targets of cell injury
Published	09/17/2023	what is hydropic change / degeneration
Published	09/17/2023	what is fatty change / degeneration
Published	09/17/2023	what are some causes of fatty liver
Published	09/17/2023	which is more indicitive of severe hepatocellular dysfunction?macrovesicular lipidosismicrovesicular lipidosis
Published	09/17/2023	what are some causes of excessive hepatic glycogen accumulation
Published	09/17/2023	what is the main difference between reversable and irreversable cell damage / injury
Published	09/17/2023	what are some sources of increased cytosolic Ca2+ during cell injury
Published	09/17/2023	what are some consequences of increased cytosolic Ca2+ during cell injury
Published	09/17/2023	why are ROS so damaging
Published	09/17/2023	what is the main difference between apoptosis and necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	what is ischaemia
Published	09/17/2023	what are the mechanisms of cell injury due to ischemia
Published	09/17/2023	what are some ways to prevent continued absorption of a poison
Published	09/17/2023	what is the role of vpis
Published	09/17/2023	describe the mode of action of components of tox box
Published	09/17/2023	how do rodenticides casue toxicitysymptioms?treatment methods?
Published	09/17/2023	why are cats affected by paracetamol poisoning?symptoms?treatments?
Published	09/17/2023	what are the five different types of necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	how is cell death recognized under a microscope
Published	09/17/2023	what is eosinophilia
Published	09/17/2023	how do necrotic cells become "individualized"
Published	09/17/2023	what are some nuclear changes indicitive of cell death
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Published	09/17/2023	f37e5f8cee974a5b83ceb2cae1171602-ao-4
Published	09/17/2023	what are some common causes of coagulative necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	how is acute renal tubular necrosis diagnosed
Published	09/17/2023	what is some of the cellular damage done by parvovirus (CPV-2)
Published	09/17/2023	what is a classic example of caseous necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	what is caseous necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	what is liquefactive necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	what are the three types of gangrenous necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	what is essential for gangrenous necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	what defines moist gangrene
Published	09/17/2023	what defines dry gangrene
Published	09/17/2023	what defines gas gangrene
Published	09/17/2023	what are the types of fat necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	what are some possible consequences of necrosis
Published	09/17/2023	which hepatic lobule is most likely to be injured first
Published	09/17/2023	what are some functions of the liver?
Published	09/17/2023	what is the difference between liver regeneration and fibrosis
Published	09/17/2023	which is indicitive of chronic liver damage regeneration or fibrosis
Published	09/17/2023	what are portals of entry for liver disease / injury
Published	09/17/2023	what are some defences to liver damage / infection
Published	09/17/2023	what are the types of liver disease / injury
Published	09/17/2023	what are the three patterns of liver disease
Published	09/17/2023	what parameters can be used to investigate liver damage
Published	09/17/2023	why is an increase in ALP in cats so significant
Published	09/17/2023	what can increased ALP (alkaline phosphatase) indicate
Published	09/17/2023	why do liver enzyme levels not correlate with function
Published	09/17/2023	what is hyperbilirubinemia
Published	09/17/2023	what casues prehaptic hyperbilirubinemia
Published	09/17/2023	what is hepatic hyperbilirubinemia
Published	09/17/2023	why do horses have a single bile acid measurement
Published	09/17/2023	how does a portosystemic shunt increase bile acids in circulation
Published	09/17/2023	how does choleostasis increase circulating bile acid levels
Published	09/17/2023	how does reduced hepatic functional mass increase circulating bile acid levels
Published	09/17/2023	what does the body do to a drug?
Published	09/17/2023	what are the benefits of oral administration of a drug
Published	09/17/2023	how is volume of distribution calculated
Published	09/17/2023	what order does a drug equilibrate into the body in?
Published	09/17/2023	what is a loding dose
Published	09/17/2023	what can affect a Vd
Published	09/17/2023	what are the steps of drug metabolism in the body
Published	09/17/2023	why does the body metabolize drugs
Published	09/17/2023	what is the main location of phase I rxns
Published	09/17/2023	what are some comon features of the products of phase II rxns
Published	09/17/2023	why can high metabolic rate of a drug during its first pass through the liver be bad?
Published	09/17/2023	what is clearance
Published	09/17/2023	what is enterohepatic circulation
Published	09/17/2023	what are some alterations in drug receptor activity that can occur
Published	09/17/2023	what is affinity in drug / receptor relations
Published	09/17/2023	what is efficacy in drug / receptor relations
Published	09/17/2023	when do normal kinetics result in a steady state?
Published	09/17/2023	which is typically more rapid?absorption or elimination
Published	09/17/2023	why is energy important for Apoptosis
Published	09/17/2023	what are the action specific enzymes of Apoptosis
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Published	09/17/2023	c104b677cbb3498fbddf807f492073ec-ao-11
Published	09/17/2023	c104b677cbb3498fbddf807f492073ec-ao-12
Published	09/17/2023	why do apoptotic cells decrease in size
Published	09/17/2023	what is the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway
Published	09/17/2023	what is an intracellular accumulation
Published	09/17/2023	what is lipofuscin
Published	09/17/2023	which of the following represents a continuously dividing populationRenal tubule cellsCardiac myocytesHepatocytesGut epitheliumNeurones
Published	09/17/2023	which of the following responses to cell injury represents a reversible changeautolysisfatty changeapoptosiscoagulative necrosisdry gangrene
Published	09/17/2023	what tissue does canine parvovirus infect
Published	09/17/2023	what dietary component is important in protecting against oxidative stress
Published	09/17/2023	Which one of the following characteristics generally applies to products of Phase I metabolic reactions?They are less lipid soluble than the parent co…
Published	09/17/2023	if the half-life is the loss of 50% of a drug from the body how many half-lives would reduce plasma concentration of a drug to less than 1% of its ori…
Published	09/17/2023	what vector carries leishmania
Published	09/17/2023	what vector carries trypanosoma
Published	09/17/2023	what makes a sucessful parasite
Published	09/17/2023	what are the hosts infected by toxoplasma gondii (final and intermediate)
Published	09/17/2023	what is the life cycle of toxoplasma gondii
Published	09/17/2023	how does the timeframe of infection change the severity in ovine toxoplasmosis
Published	09/17/2023	what age of cats shed t. gondii the most
Published	09/17/2023	why is t. gondii hard to test for
Published	09/17/2023	what are the important hosts of neospora caninum (intermediate and final)
Published	09/17/2023	what is the life cycle for neospora caninum
Published	09/17/2023	which route infects more cows, vertical or horizontal transmission of n. caninum
Published	09/17/2023	why are protozoan parasites important
Published	09/17/2023	what is the infective stage of the eimeria life cycle?
Published	09/17/2023	what are the species of eimeria in chickens (in order of pathogenicity) (high → low)
Published	09/17/2023	what is the pathogenicity of eimeria
Published	09/17/2023	why is eimeria a disease of young birds?
Published	09/17/2023	what is one of the main features of cryptosporidium that makes it of concern?
Published	09/17/2023	what is the main difference between cryptosporidium and other protozoan diseases?
Published	09/17/2023	what does it mean that tapeworms have a two host lifecycle?
Published	09/17/2023	what type of reproduction do tapeworms undergo
Published	09/17/2023	where are the eggs kept in a tapeworm
Published	09/17/2023	what is one way you can differentiate the beef and pig tapeworms from eachother?
Published	09/17/2023	why do intermediate hosts have the pathological signs associated with tapeworms?
Published	09/17/2023	why can some tapeworm species be dangerous for humans?
Published	09/17/2023	what is the PPP for the taenia tapeworm
Published	09/17/2023	what is the main means of control on taenia saginata
Published	09/17/2023	where is T. solium a problem and why
Published	09/17/2023	what is the ppp of e. g. granulosus
Published	09/17/2023	what is the ppp of dipylidium caninum
Published	09/17/2023	how can dipylidium caninum be distinguished from other tapeworms
Published	09/17/2023	how are dogs / cats infected with d. caninum
Published	09/17/2023	what are the routes of infection for toxocara canis
Published	09/17/2023	what is the ppp for t. canis in dogs less than 3 months
Published	09/17/2023	what is the ppp for t. canis in pups
Published	09/17/2023	what is the treatment plan for a pup with t. canis
Published	09/17/2023	what is the difference between t. canis and t. cati
Published	09/17/2023	what are the routes that a kitten may acquire t. cati
Published	09/17/2023	what is the ppp of ostertagia ostertagi
Published	09/17/2023	what is a common appearance of tissues in an animal infected with ostertagiosis
Published	09/17/2023	what are the two clinical forms of ostertagiosis
Published	09/17/2023	what are the morbidity / mortality for type I & II infections of ostertagiosis
Published	09/17/2023	what type of parasite is commonly refered to as the barber poll worm?
Published	09/17/2023	what are some host defences to invasion
Published	09/17/2023	what is the importance of the innate immune system
Published	09/17/2023	what is NETs
Published	09/17/2023	what is the importance of bacterial capsules
Published	09/17/2023	what is the complement system
Published	09/17/2023	what makes a systemic inflammatory response bad?
Published	09/17/2023	why is the secondary response delayed?
Published	09/17/2023	what is the role of IgA
Published	09/17/2023	for extracellular pathogens what immune response is best?
Published	09/17/2023	for intracellular pathogens what immune response is best
Published	09/17/2023	what is the difference between a primary and secondary pathogen?
Published	09/17/2023	what is pathogenesis
Published	09/17/2023	what is virulence
Published	09/17/2023	what is infectivity
Published	09/17/2023	what is a virulence factor
Published	09/17/2023	what are Koch's postulates?
Published	09/17/2023	why do Koch's postulates not apply to all infectious diseases?
Published	09/17/2023	what does it mean that virulence is multifactoral?
Published	09/17/2023	why is adhesion important for bacterial colonisation
Published	09/17/2023	what are the major goals of an extracellular pathogen
Published	09/17/2023	what are the major goals of intracellular pathogens
Published	09/17/2023	what are some innate responses / defenses to extracellular pathogens
Published	09/17/2023	what are some common virulence factors of extracellular pathogens
Published	09/17/2023	why is iron essential to bacteria / fungi
Published	09/17/2023	why are macrophages a good cell for pathogens to survive in
Published	09/17/2023	what is the importance of bacteria structure
Published	09/17/2023	what are the most common morphology / shapes for bacteria
Published	09/17/2023	what is the function of the plasmid in a bacteria
Published	09/17/2023	how does a bacteria nucleus differ from a eukaryote
Published	09/17/2023	what is the difference between ribosomes in eukaryotes vs prokaryotes
Published	09/17/2023	what does bacteriostatic mean
Published	09/17/2023	what are some components of the membrane specific to bacteria
Published	09/17/2023	what is the most common target of antibiotics
Published	09/17/2023	what is the function of peptidoglycan
Published	09/17/2023	what are the four descriptive purposes of bactera
Status	Last Update	Fields