Notes in bootcam biochem

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	04/02/2024	Tetrahydrofolate (THF) serves as a 1-{{c1::carbon}} carrier
Published	04/02/2024	Enzyme replacement therapy for {{c1::Fabry disease}} requires replacement of {{c2::α-galactosidase A}}
Published	04/02/2024	What type of collagen makes up the basement membrane?{{c1::Type IV}}
Published	04/02/2024	Enzyme replacement therapy for {{c1::Hunter syndrome}} requires replacement of {{c2::iduronate-2-sulfatase}}
Published	04/02/2024	The defective Menkes protein (Menkes disease) leads to decreased activity of the enzyme {{c1::lysyl oxidase}}
Published	04/02/2024	The enzyme {{c1::LCAT}} may convert cholesterol to cholesteryl ester in the blood in the presence of apolipoprotein {{c2::A-1}} (found on HDL) …
Published	04/02/2024	{{c1::Lactose}} is converted into {{c2::galactose}} and {{c2::glucose}} by the enzyme {{c1::lactase}} (intestinal brush border)
Published	04/02/2024	Homocystinuria causes increased risk for {{c1::thrombosis}} and {{c1::atherosclerosis}}, which may cause stroke and MI
Published	04/02/2024	Wernicke encephalopathy is characterized by a triad of symptoms that can be remembered with the mnemonic {{c1::CAN O'beer}}
Published	04/02/2024	In total, the TCA cycle produces {{c1::1}} FADH2 per acetyl-CoA
Published	04/02/2024	Which amino acid may cause endothelial cell damage when serum levels are elevated? {{c1::Homocysteine}}
Published	04/02/2024	Vitamin {{c3::B3 (niacin)}} excess is associated with hyper{{c1::glycemia}} and hyper{{c2::uricemia}}
Published	04/02/2024	What is the end product of oxidative burst that destroys phagocytosed microbes? {{c1::Hypochlorous acid (HClO)}}
Published	04/02/2024	Evolocumab and alirocumab are lipid-lowering agents that inhibit {{c1::PCSK9::what enzyme?}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c1::H2O2}} may be converted to {{c2::H2O}} via the enzyme glutathione {{c3::peroxidase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Heinz bodies form due to precipitation of denatured {{c1::hemoglobin}} within RBCs
Published	04/02/2024	Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a cofactor for {{c1::methionine synthase}} and {{c2::methylmalonyl-CoA mutase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Pyruvate is converted to {{c2::lactate}} via the enzyme {{c1::lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)}} (Cori cycle)
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Dermatomyositis}} may present with a(n) "{{c1::heliotrope}}" rash, which is an erythematous periorbital rash
Published	04/02/2024	In the liver, amino acids transfer their NH3 group to {{c1::α-ketoglutarate}}, forming {{c2::glutamate}} and {{c3::α-ketoacids}}
Published	04/02/2024	If parkinsonism predates cognitive impairment by >1 year, this is suggestive of {{c1::Parkinson disease dementia::Lewy body dementia or Parkinson d…
Published	04/02/2024	Symptoms of acute {{c3::arsenic}} toxicity include vomiting, {{c1::rice-water}} stools, {{c2::garlic}} breath, and {{c4::QT}} prolongation
Published	04/02/2024	One function of bile is excretion of {{c1::cholesterol}} and bilirubin
Published	04/02/2024	The major factor that stimulates glucagon secretion is {{c1::hypoglycemia}}
Published	04/02/2024	Proteasomal inhibitors work best in cancers that mark {{c1::pro-apoptotic}} proteins to be targeted for degradation too quickly
Published	04/02/2024	Glucagon increases blood glucose concentration by increasing {{c1::gluconeogenesis}} via decreased production of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate
Published	04/02/2024	Vitamin B9 (folate) is found in {{c1::leafy green}} vegetables
Published	04/02/2024	Statins can cause elevations in serum {{c1::creatine kinase (CK)}}, which may indicate myopathy
Published	04/02/2024	Aortic dissection is associated with inherited {{c1::connective tissue}} disorders
Published	04/02/2024	Which monosaccharide(s) are absorbed from the intestine by GLUT-5?{{c1::Fructose}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Thoracic}} aortic aneurysm is associated with {{c1::cystic medial}} degeneration (e.g. Marfan syndrome)
Published	04/02/2024	What do the carrier molecules NADH, NADPH, and FADH2 carry in their activated forms? {{c1::Electrons}}
Published	04/02/2024	By interfering with tubulin function, colchicine disrupts the {{c2::cytoskeleton::cellular element}} of {{c1::neutrophils}}
Published	04/02/2024	MEN {{c3::2B}} is associated with {{c1::marfanoid}} habitus and mutations in the {{c2::RET}} gene
Published	04/02/2024	Is a hexokinase gene mutation associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)?{{c1::No}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which type of MPGN is more often associated with a 'tram track' appearance on H&E stain? {{c1::Type I}}
Published	04/02/2024	NADPH is generally used as an electron carrier in {{c1::anabolic::anabolic/catabolic}} processes
Published	04/02/2024	Osteogenesis imperfecta is most commonly caused by gene defects in {{c1::COL1A1}} and {{c1::COL1A2}}
Published	04/02/2024	Bronchiectasis is due to chronic {{c1::necrotizing}} inflammation or {{c2::obstruction}} which results in permanently dilated airways
Published	04/02/2024	In fat, stimulation of β3 receptors results in {{c1::increased lipolysis}}
Published	04/02/2024	What is the mode of inheritance of G6PD deficiency? {{c1::X-linked recessive}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which antifungal works by disrupting mitotic spindles?{{c1::Griseofulvin}}
Published	04/02/2024	The {{c3::vascular}} type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is caused by a deficiency of type {{c4::III}} collagen and can lead to:- Formation and rupture of …
Published	04/02/2024	High carrier frequency of the mutant G6PD allele is likely due to its protective role against {{c1::Plasmodium falciparum}} malaria
Published	04/02/2024	Which of the cytotoxic microtubule inhibitors is associated with hypersensitivity reaction?{{c1::Paclitaxel (taxanes)}}
Published	04/02/2024	Granulation tissue consists of type {{c1::III}} collagen, capillaries, and myofibroblasts
Published	04/02/2024	Where in the cell does conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate → fructose-6-phosphate take place?{{c1::Cytosol}}
Published	04/02/2024	One function of the {{c3::HMP}} shunt is to provide a source of {{c1::NADPH}}, which is required for {{c2::reductive}} reactions
Published	04/02/2024	{{c3::Glucose-6-phosphate}} is ultimately converted to {{c1::ribulose}}-5-phosphate via the enzyme {{c2::glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Type {{c2::I}} hyperlipoproteinemia commonly presents with red-orange {{c1::eruptive/pruritic xanthomas}}
Published	04/02/2024	The diagnosis of G6PD deficiency is confirmed via {{c1::enzyme}} studies, which are performed {{c2::weeks}} after a hemolytic episode resolves
Published	04/02/2024	The classical and vascular forms of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are inherited in a(n) {{c1::autosomal dominant}} manner
Published	04/02/2024	In {{c1::neutrophils}}, the HMP shunt provides a source of NADPH for NADPH oxidase activity, which is used for respiratory burst
Published	04/02/2024	Type {{c2::II}} familial dyslipidemia commonly presents with tendinous {{c1::xanthomas}}, especially on the {{c3::Achilles}} tendon
Published	04/02/2024	Enzyme replacement therapy for {{c1::Pompe}} disease requires replacement of {{c2::α-1,4-glucosidase}} (AKA {{c2::acid maltase}})
Published	04/02/2024	Are fatty acids polar or non-polar?{{c1::Non-polar}}
Published	04/02/2024	How soon after birth do symptoms of galactose metabolism disorders present? {{c1::When feeding begins (lactose is in both breast milk and routine form…
Published	04/02/2024	Galactose-1-phosphate is ultimately converted to {{c1::glucose-1-phosphate}} via the enzyme {{c2::galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Isocitrate is converted to {{c1::α-ketoglutarate}} via the enzyme {{c2::isocitrate dehydrogenase}}
Published	04/02/2024	After complete metabolism, what is the total amount of ATP (or GTP) produced from 1 round of the Krebs cycle? {{c1::10 ATP equivalents}}
Published	04/02/2024	Patients with cyanide poisoning present with an "almond" breath odor and {{c1::cherry-red}} skin discoloration
Published	04/02/2024	Classic galactosemia causes liver damage and renal damage, which manifests as {{c1::jaundice::cutaneous}}, hepatomegaly, and a metabolic {{c2::acidosi…
Published	04/02/2024	What type of enzyme cleaves triglyceride ester bonds?{{c1::Lipases}}
Published	04/02/2024	Muscle biopsy of a patient with primary carnitine deficiency shows elevated {{c1::triglycerides}}
Published	04/02/2024	How is Na+ extruded out of the cell of the early DCT and into the blood? {{c1::Na+-K+ ATPase pump}}
Published	04/02/2024	The intestines package {{c2::triglycerides}} and {{c3::cholesteryl esters}} into {{c1::chylomicrons}}, which initially enter the lymph
Published	04/02/2024	Collagenase requires {{c1::zinc}} as a cofactor
Published	04/02/2024	Colchicine can affect the muscle, resulting in a(n) {{c1::myopathy}}
Published	04/02/2024	From the lymph, chylomicrons enter the {{c1::blood}} via the thoracic duct
Published	04/02/2024	Patients with cyanide poisoning have a(n) {{c1::narrowing}} of the venous-arterial PO2 gradient
Published	04/02/2024	In the blood, chylomicrons pick up apolipoprotein {{c1::C-II}} and {{c1::E}} from circulating {{c2::HDL}}
Published	04/02/2024	What is the most abundant protein in the human body?{{c1::Collagen}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Andersen}} disease is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme {{c1::branching enzyme}}
Published	04/02/2024	Where in a cell does N-linked oligosaccharide addition take place?{{c1::Rough endoplasmic reticulum}}
Published	04/02/2024	The {{c1::proteasome}} is a barrel-shaped protein complex that degrades damaged or ubiquitin-tagged proteins
Published	04/02/2024	{{c1::Signal recognition particles (SRPs)}} are abundant, cytosolic ribonucleoproteins that traffic proteins from the ribosome to the RER
Published	04/02/2024	In the Golgi apparatus, {{c1::mannose-6-phosphate}} is added to proteins for trafficking to {{c2::lysosomes}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which type of filament is predominantly involved in movement and cell division? {{c1::Microtubules (e.g. cilia, flagella)}}
Published	04/02/2024	What type of filament are cytokeratin and desmin?{{c1::Intermediate filaments}}
Published	04/02/2024	Microtubules grow {{c1::slowly::speed}} and collapse {{c1::quickly::speed}}
Published	04/02/2024	For each ATP consumed, the sodium-potassium pump transfers {{c1::2 K+}} into the cell (pump dephosphorylated)
Published	04/02/2024	The causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis may be remembered with the mnemonic {{c1::MUDPILES}}
Published	04/02/2024	What happens to most of the endocytosed LDL receptors? {{c1::Recycled to cell membrane}}
Published	04/02/2024	Some forms of osteogenesis imperfecta have tooth abnormalities, including opalescent teeth that wear easily due to lack of {{c1::dentin}}
Published	04/02/2024	H2O2 is converted to {{c1::HClO (hypochlorous acid)}} by the enzyme {{c2::myeloperoxidase}} (oxidative burst)
Published	04/02/2024	What SH2-domain protein, when activated, results in the translocation of GLUT-4 to the membrane in adipose and muscle?{{c1::PI3 kinase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Pyruvate carboxylase requires {{c1::ATP}}, {{c1::biotin}}, and {{c1::CO2}}
Published	04/02/2024	Ethanol may be converted to {{c1::acetaldehyde}} via the enzyme {{c2::alcohol dehydrogenase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Where in the cell does hexosemonophosphate (HMP) shunt activity occur? {{c1::Cytoplasm}}
Published	04/02/2024	Fatty acids, from triglyceride breakdown, are broken down into acetyl CoA via the process of {{c1::β-oxidation}}
Published	04/02/2024	Is the memory loss associated with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome temporary or permanent? {{c1::Permanent}}
Published	04/02/2024	The serum lipoproteins elevated in type III familial dyslipidemia are {{c1::chylomicrons}} and {{c1::VLDL}}
Published	04/02/2024	In the intermembrane space, fatty acyl-CoA is converted to {{c1::fatty acyl-carnitine}} via the enzyme {{c2::carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1)}…
Published	04/02/2024	Which organs contain the enzyme phosphofructokinase-2?{{c1::Liver, kidney, heart::3}}
Published	04/02/2024	Primary carnitine deficiency is characterized by muscle weakness and hypotonia, which is provoked by prolonged {{c1::exercise}} (especially if fasting…
Published	04/02/2024	Electrons from cytochrome C of the ETC are transferred to complex {{c1::IV}}, also known as {{c2::cytochrome a/a3}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c1::Oligomycin}} is an inhibitor of {{c2::ATP synthase}} of the ETC
Published	04/02/2024	Conversion of malate to pyruvate via malic enzyme produces a molecule of {{c1::NADPH}} (fatty acid synthesis)
Published	04/02/2024	What are the three ketone bodies?1. {{c1::Acetoacetate}}2. {{c2::β-hydroxybutyrate}}3. {{c3::Acetone}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Pompe}} disease is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme {{c1::lysosomal α-1,4-glucosidase (acid maltase)}}
Published	04/02/2024	The HMP shunt may be referred to as the {{c1::pentose phosphate}} pathway
Published	04/02/2024	What two fatty acids are essential in humans?{{c1::Linoleic acid (omega-6), linolenic acid (omega-3)}}
Published	04/02/2024	What is the mode of inheritance of Gaucher disease?{{c1::Autosomal recessive}}
Published	04/02/2024	Apolipoprotein {{c2::A-1}} is an activator of the enzyme {{c1::lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)}}
Published	04/02/2024	In the muscle, glutamate transfers its NH3 group to {{c1::pyruvate}}, forming {{c2::alanine}} and {{c3::α-ketoglutarate}}
Published	04/02/2024	Hers disease is characterized by {{c1::functional::impaired or functional}} gluconeogenesis and {{c1::impaired::impaired or functional}} glycogenolysi…
Published	04/02/2024	Digoxin is used for symptomatic relief of chronic {{c1::systolic heart failure::specific}}
Published	04/02/2024	All statins, except for {{c2::pravastatin}}, are metabolized by {{c1::cytochrome p450}}
Published	04/02/2024	Once in the vicinity of adipocytes, apolipoprotein {{c1::C-II}} on the chylomicron activates the enzyme {{c2::lipoprotein lipase (LPL)}}
Published	04/02/2024	Where in the cell does conversion of oxaloacetate → PEP take place?{{c1::Cytosol}}
Published	04/02/2024	The LDL-containing clathrin-coated pits fuse with {{c1::lysosomes}}, which break down cholesteryl ester into cholesterol
Published	04/02/2024	Cystic fibrosis may be differentiated from primary ciliary dyskinesia by the presence of pancreatic {{c1::insufficiency}}
Published	04/02/2024	Thoracic aneurysm is associated with inherited {{c1::connective tissue}} disorders
Published	04/02/2024	Enzyme replacement therapy for {{c1::Hurler syndrome}} requires replacement of {{c2::α-L-iduronidase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Vitamin B3 (niacin) is involved in many {{c1::redox}} reactions
Published	04/02/2024	Which of the cytotoxic microtubule inhibitors enhance mitotic spindle formation?{{c1::Paclitaxel (taxanes)}}
Published	04/02/2024	Fibrates lead to {{c1::mild decreases}} in serum LDL by reducing VLDL
Published	04/02/2024	{{c3::Isoleucine}} and {{c3::valine}} are eventually broken down into {{c1::propionyl-CoA}} via the enzyme {{c2::branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogena…
Published	04/02/2024	What enzyme deficiencies may cause homocystinuria? {{c1::Cystathionine synthase}} and {{c2::methionine synthase}} deficiencies
Published	04/02/2024	One sign of hyperlipidemia is {{c1::corneal arcus}}, which are lipid deposits in the cornea
Published	04/02/2024	What ocular finding is classically seen in Tay-Sachs disease?{{c1::"Cherry-red" spot on macula}}
Published	04/02/2024	Homocystinuria is a metabolic disorder characterized by excess {{c1::homocysteine}}
Published	04/02/2024	What is the mode of inheritance of Fabry disease?{{c1::X-linked recessive}}
Published	04/02/2024	What is the mode of inheritance of homocystinuria?{{c1::Autosomal recessive}}
Published	04/02/2024	The enzyme {{c1::galactocerebrosidase}} is deficient in {{c2::Krabbe}} disease
Published	04/02/2024	Dihydrofolate may be converted to {{c1::tetrahydrofolate}} via the enzyme {{c2::dihydrofolate reductase}}
Published	04/02/2024	What lysosomal storage disease presents with optic atrophy? {{c1::Krabbe disease}}
Published	04/02/2024	Patients with Zellweger Syndrome present with profound {{c1::hypotonia}}, seizures, and hepatomegaly
Published	04/02/2024	Patients with Refsum disease can present with neurological symptoms; such as issues with {{c1::balance (ataxia)}}, additionally patients nearly univer…
Published	04/02/2024	Dermatomyositis may present with "{{c1::mechanic's hands}}", which is darkening / thickening of fingertips + sides of fingers + palm sides resulting i…
Published	04/02/2024	Which of the cytotoxic microtubule inhibitors bind microtubules and inhibit their depolymerization?{{c1::Paclitaxel (taxanes)}}
Published	04/02/2024	What skin appearance is classically seen in carbon monoxide poisoning? {{c1::Cherry-red appearance}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which mitochondrial membrane contains the electron transport chain? {{c1::Inner mitochondrial membrane}}
Published	04/02/2024	Zellweger syndrome is a result of mutations in {{c1::PEX}} genes that encode for peroxins, which are required for normal assembly of peroxisomes
Published	04/02/2024	After 1 - 3 days of starvation, the muscle and liver shift fuel use from glucose to {{c1::free fatty acids}}
Published	04/02/2024	Fumarate is converted to {{c1::malate}} via the enzyme fumarase
Published	04/02/2024	After three days of starvation, the main source of energy for the brain becomes {{c1::ketone bodies}} from {{c2::adipose}} stores
Published	04/02/2024	α-ketoglutarate is converted to {{c1::succinyl-CoA}} via the enzyme {{c2::α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase}}
Published	04/02/2024	How many molecules of ATP are produced from one molecule of NADH via ATP synthase (ETC)? {{c1::2.5 ATP}}
Published	04/02/2024	How many molecules of ATP are produced from one molecule of FADH2 via ATP synthase (ETC)? {{c1::1.5 ATP}}
Published	04/02/2024	NADH electrons from glycolysis enter the mitochondria via the {{c1::malate-aspartate}} or {{c1::glycerol-3-phosphate}} shuttles
Published	04/02/2024	The enzyme {{c1::glycogen synthase}} catalyzes the formation of {{c2::α-(1,4)}} bonds between glucose molecules
Published	04/02/2024	McArdle disease is associated with {{c1::arrhythmia}} from electrolyte abnormalities
Published	04/02/2024	How is Na+ extruded out of the cell of the thick ascending limb and into the blood? {{c1::Na+-K+ ATPase pump}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which paraneoplastic syndrome presents with progressive proximal muscle weakness, papules on the knuckles, and a rash around the eyes?{{c1::Dermatomyo…
Published	04/02/2024	Glycogen phosphorylase is regulated via positive feedback by {{c1::AMP}} (muscle)
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Von Gierke}} disease is also known as glycogen storage disease type {{c1::I}}
Published	04/02/2024	Von Gierke disease is characterized by {{c1::impaired::impaired or functional}} gluconeogenesis and {{c1::impaired::impaired or functional}} glycogeno…
Published	04/02/2024	Pompe disease is characterized by {{c1::cardio}}megaly
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Pompe}} disease is a glycogen storage disease associated with {{c1::hypertrophic}} cardiomyopathy
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Andersen}} disease is also known as glycogen storage disease type {{c1::IV}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::McArdle}} disease is also known as glycogen storage disease type {{c1::V}}
Published	04/02/2024	McArdle disease is associated with painful {{c1::muscle cramps}} that occur with {{c2::strenuous exercise}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Hers}} disease is also known as glycogen storage disease type {{c1::VI}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c2::Hers}} disease is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme {{c1::hepatic glycogen phosphorylase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Hers disease classically presents with mild fasting {{c1::hypoglycemia}}, hepatomegaly, and cirrhosis
Published	04/02/2024	In which order should thiamine and glucose be given in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal?{{c1::Thiamine then glucose}}
Published	04/02/2024	What is the precursor molecule of thromboxane A2?{{c1::Arachidonic acid}}
Published	04/02/2024	One complication of severe, prolonged vitamin {{c2::B1 (thiamine)}} deficiency is {{c1::Wernicke-Korsakoff}} syndrome
Published	04/02/2024	Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces {{c1::pyocyanin}}, which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill competing microbes
Published	04/02/2024	O2-independent killing in phagocytes is {{c1::less}} effective than O2-dependent killing
Published	04/02/2024	Vitamin {{c3::B9 (folate)}} is stored in the {{c2::liver}} for up to 3-4 {{c1::months}}
Published	04/02/2024	The enzyme {{c1::iduronate-2-sulfatase}} is deficient in {{c2::Hunter}} syndrome
Published	04/02/2024	Type {{c1::III}} familial dyslipidemia is also known as {{c2::familial dysbetalipoproteinemia}}
Published	04/02/2024	What is the first-line treatment for bile acid diarrhea?{{c1::Bile acid resins}}
Published	04/02/2024	The {{c1::Mediterranean*}} variant of G6PD deficiency results in {{c2::markedly}} reduced half-life of G6PD
Published	04/02/2024	Which cellular organelle is responsible for the synthesis of plasmalogens, bile acids, and steroid hormones?{{c1::Peroxisome}}
Published	04/02/2024	Patients with Zellweger Syndrome often have {{c1::craniofacial::structural}} abnormalities
Published	04/02/2024	Both polymyositis and dermatomyositis are associated with {{c1::interstitial lung disease::respiratory pathology}}
Published	04/02/2024	Glycogen stores typically are depleted after {{c1::12}} - {{c1::18}} hours
Published	04/02/2024	Patients with Zellweger Syndrome often die at a(n) {{c1::early}} age
Published	04/02/2024	Refsum disease is a(n) {{c2::autosomal recessive::inheritance}} metabolic disorder caused by defective {{c1::α}}-oxidation
Published	04/02/2024	Patients with Refsum disease have {{c1::scaly}} skin and shortening of the {{c2::4th toe}}
Published	04/02/2024	Is the conversion of ribulose-5-P into ribose-5-P (HMP shunt) a reversible or irreversible reaction? {{c1::Reversible}}
Published	04/02/2024	{{c1::Oxidized}} glutathione may be converted to {{c1::reduced}} glutathione via the enzyme {{c2::glutathione reductase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Apolipoprotein {{c2::C-II}} is a cofactor and activator of the enzyme {{c1::lipoprotein lipase (LPL)}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which lipoprotein is apolipoprotein B-48 found on? {{c1::Chylomicrons (and their remnants)}}
Published	04/02/2024	Initially, VLDLs only express apolipoprotein {{c1::B-100}}
Published	04/02/2024	In the blood, VLDLs pick up apolipoprotein {{c1::C-II}} and {{c1::E}} from circulating {{c2::HDL}}
Published	04/02/2024	Further removal of triglycerides from IDL, via the enzyme {{c1::hepatic TG lipase}}, leads to the formation of {{c2::LDL}}
Published	04/02/2024	LDL only expresses a single copy of apolipoprotein {{c1::B-100}} on its surface
Published	04/02/2024	Which enzyme is responsible for the degradation of triglycerides in the small intestine? {{c1::Pancreatic lipase}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which lipoproteins carry the most cholesterol? {{c1::LDL and HDL::2}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which lipoprotein is secreted by intestinal epithelial cells and delivers dietary TGs to peripheral tissue? {{c1::Chylomicrons}}
Published	04/02/2024	HMG-CoA may be converted to {{c1::acetoacetate}} via the enzyme HMG-CoA lyase (ketogenesis)
Published	04/02/2024	What is the mode of inheritance of Tay-Sachs disease?{{c1::Autosomal recessive}}
Published	04/02/2024	Polymyositis and dermatomyositis may have ANA, {{c1::anti-Jo-1}}, {{c2::anti-Mi-2}}, and/or {{c3::anti-SRP}} antibodies
Published	04/02/2024	Hunter syndrome presents as a(n) {{c2::milder::severity}} form of Hurler syndrome with {{c1::aggressive}} behavior
Published	04/02/2024	How much energy (kcal) can be produced from 1g of protein or carbohydrate (e.g. whey)? {{c1::4 kcal}}
Published	04/02/2024	Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins is dependent on the intact {{c1::ileum}}, {{c2::pancreatic}} secretions, and {{c2::bile}} emulsification
Published	04/02/2024	Thiamine pyrophosphate (B1) is a cofactor for the enzyme {{c1::transketolase}} (HMP shunt)
Published	04/02/2024	Aerobic metabolism of glucose produces {{c1::32}} net ATP via the {{c2::malate-aspartate}} shuttle (heart and liver)
Published	04/02/2024	Pyruvate is converted to {{c2::alanine}} via the enzyme {{c1::alanine aminotransferase (ALT)}} (Cahill cycle)
Published	04/02/2024	What connective tissue disease is associated with berry aneurysms? {{c1::Ehlers-Danlos syndrome}}
Published	04/02/2024	Adrenoleukodystrophy is due to a mutation in a(n) {{c1::peroxisomal}} membrane transporter, preventing very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) from being…
Published	04/02/2024	What type of filament is used by axons for axonal transport (retrograde and anterograde)? {{c1::Microtubules}}
Published	04/02/2024	Which molecular motor protein is used for retrograde axonal transport? {{c1::Dynein}}
Published	04/02/2024	Adrenoleukodystrophy is a progressive disease that damages the {{c1::adrenal}} glands and {{c2::white}} matter of the brain
Published	04/02/2024	What substrates accumulate in the lysosomes of a patient with Hunter syndrome? {{c1::Heparan sulfate}} and {{c1::dermatan sulfate}}
Published	04/02/2024	Inside the intestinal epithelial cells, re-esterified lipids are packaged with apolipoproteins into {{c1::chylomicrons}}
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