Notes in 43 Geriatric Anesthesia

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Published	12/13/2023	Elderly patients have {{c1::decreased}} myocardial compliance, which can cause {{c2::diastolic}} dysfunction.
Published	12/13/2023	Aging {{c1::decreases::increases/decreases}} the elasticity of lung tissue, allowing overdistension of alveoli and collapse of small airways.
Published	12/13/2023	Aging is associated with a decreasing response to {{c1::β}}-adrenergic agents because of decreased {{c2::adenylate cyclase}} coupling.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Functional reserve}} is the difference between {{c2::basal}} and {{c2::maximal}} organ function.
Published	12/13/2023	In geriatric patients, calcification of valves leads most commonly to {{c1::aortic}} and {{c1::mitral}} valve stenosis.
Published	12/13/2023	Maximal heart rate declines by about {{c1::1}} beat/minute per year of age over 50.
Published	12/13/2023	In aging, {{c1::fibrosis}} of the conduction system and loss of cells in the {{c2::sinoatrial node}} increase the incidence of dysrhythmias.
Published	12/13/2023	Atrial enlargement predisposes patients to atrial {{c1::fibrillation}} and atrial {{c1::flutter}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Elderly patients have a prolonged {{c3::circulation time}}, which delays the onset of {{c1::intravenous drugs}}, but speeds induction with {{c2::inhal…
Published	12/13/2023	{{c2::Residual::resp volume}} volume and {{c2::functional residual::resp volume}} capacity {{c1::increase}} with aging.
Published	12/13/2023	With aging, both anatomic and physiological dead space {{c1::increase::increase/decrease}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Impaired thermoregulation and decreases in the {{c2::shivering}} threshold in elderly patients increases the risk of perioperative {{c1::hypo}}thermia…
Published	12/13/2023	Kidney {{c1::blood flow}} and kidney {{c1::mass}} decrease with age.
Published	12/13/2023	In elderly patients, {{c1::serum creatinine}}, a reflection of kidney function, is unchanged.
Published	12/13/2023	Impairment of {{c2::Na+}} handling, {{c1::concentrating}} ability, and {{c3::diluting}} capacity predispose elderly patients to both dehydration …
Published	12/13/2023	In the elderly, the response to {{c2::antidiuretic hormone::hormone}} and {{c1::aldosterone::hormone}} is reduced, which increases the overall risk of…
Published	12/13/2023	Liver {{c1::mass}} and hepatic {{c1::blood flow}} decrease with aging.
Published	12/13/2023	Brain mass {{c1::decreases}} with aging, particularly in the {{c2::gray}} matter.
Published	12/13/2023	In elderly patients, the number of binding sites for neurotransmitters are {{c1::decreased}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Postoperative {{c1::cognitive dysfunction}} is difficult to diagnose and presents with impaired concentration, comprehension, and psychcomotor skills.
Published	12/13/2023	In elderly patients, decrease in {{c2::muscle}} mass and increase in {{c2::fat}} results in decreased {{c1::total body water.}}
Published	12/13/2023	Elderly patients have should have the dose of acidic drugs {{c1::decreased}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Elderly patients have should have the dose of basic drugs {{c1::increased}}.
Published	12/13/2023	In elderly patients, recovery from volatile anesthetics is {{c3::prolonged}} because of decreased {{c1::gas exchange}} and increased {{c2::body fat}}.…
Published	12/13/2023	In general, elderly patients display a {{c1::lower}} dose requirement for induction agents.
Published	12/13/2023	Administration of benzodiazepines in the elderly increases the risk for {{c1::delirium}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Lungs with a high compliance are {{c1::easier::easier/harder}} to inflate, but more prone to {{c2::gas trapping}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Geriatric patients have a {{c1::blunted}} chemoreceptor response.
Published	12/13/2023	Geriatric patients have reduced {{c1::protective airway reflexes}}, which places them at risk for aspiration.
Published	12/13/2023	In the {{c1::supine}} position, closing capacity > functional residual capacity at 45 years old.
Published	12/13/2023	In the {{c1::sitting}} position, closing capacity > functional residual capacity at 65 years old.
Published	12/13/2023	What happens to the total lung capacity as a patient ages?{{c1::Nothing}}
Published	12/13/2023	What lung capacity decreases with aging?{{c1::Vital capacity}}
Published	12/13/2023	Decreased arterial elasticity from aging will increase the {{c1::after}}load and {{c2::pulse pressure}}, which will eventually cause {{c3::left v…
Published	12/13/2023	In aging patients, decreases in venous compliance decreases the {{c1::venous capacitance}} volume.
Published	12/13/2023	Elderly patients have an {{c1::increased::increased/decreased}} blood pressure.
Published	12/13/2023	Postoperative {{c1::delirium}} is identified by confusion and disordered behavior.
Published	12/13/2023	Geriatric patients have reduced {{c1::upper airway tone}}, which places them at risk for airway obstruction.
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