Notes in e. Protein Trafficking: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Vesicular Transport, Golgi, and Exocytosis

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Published	07/28/2024	Cystic fibrosis is a disease with {{c1::autosomal recessive}} inheritance
Published	07/28/2024	Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutation in {{c1::cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)}} gene leading to defective versions of…
Published	07/28/2024	CFTR is a multispanning membrane protein that functions as a {{c1::Cl- channel}} found in apical membranes of exocrine epithelial cells that line…
Published	07/28/2024	One of the most common mutations in CFTR gene is deletion of F508. This results in CFTR protein that is... In contrast the G551D mutation allows the p…
Published	07/28/2024	What are the 2 types of proteins transfered from the cytosol to the ER?
Published	07/28/2024	Water soluble proteins tranfered from the cytosol to the ER will become {{c1::secreted proteins}}
Published	07/28/2024	Transmembrane proteins tranfered from the cytosol to the ER will become {{c1::parts of various other membranes in the cell}} and will {{c1::not}}…
Published	07/28/2024	ER signal sequences are typically found at the {{c1::N-terminus}} of the peptide
Published	07/28/2024	Describe how a protein is selected for translation in the rough ER:
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Published	07/28/2024	Name the 4 protein modifications that can occur in the ER:
Published	07/28/2024	N-glycosylation occurs on {{c1::aspargine}} residues by {{c1::oligosaccharyl}} transferase
Published	07/28/2024	The consensus sequence for n-glycosylation is...
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Published	07/28/2024	The 14 sugar block used in n-glycosylations is synthesized and linked initially to a hydrophobic poly-isoprene {{c1::dolichol}}
Published	07/28/2024	Protein disfuldie isomerase can be found inside the {{c1::endoplasmic reticulum}}
Published	07/28/2024	Only {{c1::properly}} folded proteins can exit the ER to Golgi; {{c2::misfolded}} proteins are retained by {{c3::chaperone}} proteins
Published	07/28/2024	Describe the role of N-linked glycosylation in ER protein folding
Published	07/28/2024	If a protein can not be folded correctly, what is its fate?
Published	07/28/2024	What are the 3 cellular responses to accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER?
Published	07/28/2024	Cystic fibrosis caused by F508(delta508) produces its pathology because?
Published	07/28/2024	What is the general function of coat proteins (clatherins, COPI, COPII)?
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Clathrins}} are the coat proteins used for transport from the golgi to endosomes and from the plasma membrane to early endosomes
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::COPI}} are the coat proteins used for vesicles within the golgi and from the golgi to the ER
Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::COPII}} are the coat proteins used for vesicles formed from the ER to the Golgi
Published	07/28/2024	The structure of clathirin is composed of 4 large and 4 small polypeptide chains that form {{c1::triskelion structures}}, 36 of these form a bask…
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Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::dynamin}} is the protein responsible for pinching off the clatherin coated vesicle
Published	07/28/2024	For clathrin to bind to a receptor protein, a {{c1::adaptor protein (adaptin)}} must be present
Published	07/28/2024	What two proteins found on vesicular membranes are important for transport to a target membrane?
Published	07/28/2024	The specificity of vesicular transport is determined by pairing of {{c1::v-SNARES/t-SNAREs}} and {{c2::Rab effector complexes}}
Published	07/28/2024	The {{c1::cis}} face of the golgi network is pointed towards the {{c2::ER}}
Published	07/28/2024	The {{c1::trans}} face of the golgi network faces the {{c2::plasma membrane}}
Published	07/28/2024	Some resident {{c1::soluble}} ER proteins have the sequence KDEL at the C-terminus used to signal retrieval from the golgi as they need to be ret…
Published	07/28/2024	Some resident {{c1::membrane}} ER proteins have the sequence KKXX at the C-terminus used to signal retrieval from the golgi
Published	07/28/2024	Explain why certain receptors can function in the golgi, or endosomes, but not in other membrane bound structures such as the ER?
Published	07/28/2024	What 3 protein modifications are performed in the golgi?
Published	07/28/2024	A mannose 6-phosphate signals proteins for transport to the {{c1::lysosome}}
Published	07/28/2024	The two types of secretion (exocytosis) are?
Published	07/28/2024	In {{c1::regulated}} secretion, a signal such as a hormone is required before proteins aggregated in vesicles can be released
Published	07/28/2024	What are the 3 steps in the maturation process of secretory vesicles?
Published	07/28/2024	As a mature secretory vesicle is formed, excess membrane is sequestered allowing for a {{c1::decrease}} in pH and thus {{c2::proteolytic act…
Published	07/28/2024	All ribosomes start out being present in the {{c1::cytosol}} but move to the {{c1::Endoplasmic Reticulum}} because of a certain signal sequence which …
Published	07/28/2024	Signal Recognition Particle (SRP) is a ribonuclear protein complex with 6 proteins and 1 RNA that has a large, {{c1::hydrophobic}} {{c1::signal-sequen…
Published	07/28/2024	Translation of membrane proteins with their N-terminus in the ER lumen and C-terminus in the cytosol may have an {{c1::hydrophobic}} {{c1::N-terminal}…
Published	07/28/2024	Translation of membrane protein with N-terminus in cytosol and C-terminus in lumen (c-terminus will end up outside cell) has a {{c1::hydrophobic}} {{c…
Published	07/28/2024	Double pass transmembrane proteins use an {{c1::internal}} {{c1::hydrophobic}} ER signal sequence called a {{c1::start}} transfer sequence and {{c1::h…
Published	07/28/2024	Multipass membrane proteins have {{c1::multiple}} start and stop transfer sequences
Published	07/28/2024	Factor X santo domingo is a rare inherited blood clotting disorder that is caused by a G to R mutation in signal peptide sequence which {{c1::prevents…
Published	07/28/2024	Attachment of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) to {{c1::c}}-terminus of proteins occurs for proteins destined for plasma membrane via attachment to …
Published	07/28/2024	Disulfide bond formation is largely facilitated by {{c1::protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)}} in the {{c1::ER}}
Published	07/28/2024	Calnexin is an example of a {{c1::chaperone}} protein that assists in protein folding so proteins can exit the ER
Published	07/28/2024	Protein quality control occurs via a translocation channel where proteins can be translocated back across the ER Lumen to the cytosol where it can be …
Published	07/28/2024	Unfolded protein response sense {{c1::misfolded}} proteins and increase production of {{c1::ER}} membrane, activate expression of {{c1::chaperone}} pr…
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