Notes in Clinical Medicine I::Week 12 - Psychiatric Conditions Part 1

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Published	03/28/2025	{{c1::25%}} of people who experience a traumatic event will develop PTSD
Published	03/28/2025	what are trauma related disorders?
Published	03/28/2025	nonmodifiable risk factors for trauma
Published	03/28/2025	what are modifiable risk factors for trauma?
Published	03/28/2025	what features (s/s) suggest PTSD?
Published	03/28/2025	what are observable measurable indicators of PTSD?
Published	03/28/2025	what screening tools are available to evaluate for PTSD?
Published	03/28/2025	what is a positive PC-PTSD-5 score?
Published	03/28/2025	PTSD ddx and how to differentiate
Published	03/28/2025	treatment for PTSD
Published	03/28/2025	psychotherapy options for PTSD treatment
Published	03/28/2025	what is the first line pharmacologic tx for PTSD?
Published	03/28/2025	what medication should be avoided in PTSD medications? why?
Published	03/28/2025	medication options for managing sleep in PTSD?
Published	03/28/2025	what is dissociative identity disorder (DID)?
Published	03/28/2025	what was DID formerly known as?
Published	03/28/2025	what is a risk factor for developing DID?
Published	03/28/2025	what conditions are often present with DID?
Published	03/28/2025	what features are associated with DID?
Published	03/28/2025	what are common symptoms of DID?
Published	03/28/2025	what are key characteristics of DID?
Published	03/28/2025	what are primary ddx of DID?
Published	03/28/2025	what are co-occurring conditions of DID?
Published	03/28/2025	what is the number one priority in treating DID?
Published	03/28/2025	treatment for DID?
Published	03/28/2025	what is acute stress disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	what is the key difference between PTSD and Acute Stress Disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	what exposure does not apply to acute stress disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	what treatment option is not recommended for acute stress disorder? why?
Published	03/28/2025	what is the first line treatment for acute stress disorder? what are other options for managing acute stress disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	contrast acute stress disorder from PTSD/MDD/GAD?
Published	03/28/2025	risk factors for developing acute stress disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	why can acute stress disorder go under reported?
Published	03/28/2025	what are adjustment disorders?
Published	03/28/2025	what is adjustment disorder often mistaken as?
Published	03/28/2025	who does adjustment disorders commonly affect?
Published	03/28/2025	definition of an adjustment disorder and timing requirements?
Published	03/28/2025	what is the exception to adjustment disorders lasting more than 6 months?
Published	03/28/2025	what other conditions can be associated with adjustment disorders?
Published	03/28/2025	what is trauma?
Published	03/28/2025	when would you specify acute adjustment disorder versus persistent (chronic) adjustment disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	can someone who has MDD in remission have adjustment disorders?
Published	03/28/2025	what helps to distinguish adjustment disorder from MDD/GAD/CD?
Published	03/28/2025	first line treatment for adjustment disorders?
Published	03/28/2025	what lifestyle changes are recommended for adjustment disorders?
Published	03/28/2025	what is not a recommended treatment for adjustment disorders?
Published	03/28/2025	what is prolonged grief disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	what mental health conditions can increase someones risk of developing prolonged greif disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	pathology to prolonged greif disorder
Published	03/28/2025	why can prolonged grief disorder be difficult/challenging to dx?
Published	03/28/2025	treatment for prolonged grief disorder?
Published	03/28/2025	what is not indicated for treatment of prolonged grief disorder?
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Published	03/28/2025	Define Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Published	03/28/2025	The pathophysiology and etiology of depressive disorders are generally {{c1::multi-faceted}} and poorly understood, but there is a strong {{c1::geneti…
Published	03/28/2025	Anatomical theory regarding the pathophysiology/etiology of depression
Published	03/28/2025	Physiological theories involved in the pathophysiology/etiology of depression
Published	03/28/2025	Name the biogenic amines involved in depression (and many other psychiatric disorders)
Published	03/28/2025	Name the neuroendocrine hormones involved in the pathophysiology of depression
Published	03/28/2025	4 categories of MDD presentation (S/S) -- recall "SIG-E-CAPS" or "A SAD FACES"
Published	03/28/2025	According to the DSM-V, what makes Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD) different?
Published	03/28/2025	According to the DSM-V, in order to properly dx PDD the individual must never had a {{c1::manic}} or {{c1::hypomanic}} episode.
Published	03/28/2025	What diagnostic tools can you order/perform to dx MDD, PDD, or PMDD?
Published	03/28/2025	What are some labs you can order to r/o presence of an organic cause when trying to dx depression?
Published	03/28/2025	What are some labs you can order if your pt is resistant to depression tx?
Published	03/28/2025	The USPSTF grade for screening depression and SI in adults is
Published	03/28/2025	What are some supplemental interventions to tx MDD or PDD?
Published	03/28/2025	When treating MDD or PDD, you should remember to 1) Discourage {{c1::cognitive distortions}} and encourage {{c1::positive narrative}}--replace {{c1::s…
Published	03/28/2025	1st line Tx for MDD and PDD
Published	03/28/2025	What are some things to remember about discontinuing SSRIs and SNRIs?
Published	03/28/2025	2nd line tx for MDD and PDD?
Published	03/28/2025	What are the main tx goals when it comes to MDD and PDD? (4)
Published	03/28/2025	Alternative Tx for MDD and PDD
Published	03/28/2025	Assuming that you are working in primary care, when should you refer your pt to a psychiatrist? (5)
Published	03/28/2025	When should you hospitalize a pt presenting with MDD and/or PDD? (5)
Published	03/28/2025	MDD recurrence RFs
Published	03/28/2025	MDD Epidemiology
Published	03/28/2025	Depression is associated with a {{c1::high mortality rate}} ({{c1::50-100%}} greater {{c1::all-cause mortality}} vs those without depression) and a {{…
Published	03/28/2025	MDD prognosis
Published	03/28/2025	Define Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)?
Published	03/28/2025	What are the Sx of PDD?
Published	03/28/2025	Epidemiology of PDD?
Published	03/28/2025	Most episodes of PDD {{c1::resolve}}, but recurrence is {{c1::common}}. Most pts have exacerbations that meet the criteria for {{c1::MDD}}.
Published	03/28/2025	Define Pre-menstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Published	03/28/2025	According to the DSM-V, how does PMDD differ from PDD and MDD?
Published	03/28/2025	According to the DSM-V, you need to confirm dx of PMDD by tracking a {{c1::daily rating of psychiatric and physical Sx}} for at least {{c1::2 symptoma…
Published	03/28/2025	Epidemiology of PMDD
Published	03/28/2025	What are the similarities between MDD, PDD, and PMDD?
Published	03/28/2025	For mild to moderate PMDD, you should advise
Published	03/28/2025	For moderate to severe PMDD you should advise:
Published	03/28/2025	For refractory or severe PMDD, you should advise:
Published	03/28/2025	What is the etiology for anxiety disorder (specific phobia, social anxiety, panic)
Published	03/28/2025	Describe the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders
Published	03/28/2025	What brain areas are involved in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders?
Published	03/28/2025	All anxiety disorders share some of the same Sx, what are they?
Published	03/28/2025	Define specific phobia.
Published	03/28/2025	S/S of specific phobia disorder
Published	03/28/2025	The DSM-V for specific phobia states:
Published	03/28/2025	Define social anxiety disorder
Published	03/28/2025	Social anxiety disorder is the {{c1::3rd most common}} psychiatric condition out of ALL psychiatric conditions in DSM-V
Published	03/28/2025	Define panic disorder
Published	03/28/2025	S/S of panic disorder
Published	03/28/2025	Briefly describe the key diagnosgtic features of panic disorder as outline by the DSM-V
Published	03/28/2025	What is a panic attack? What Sx are associated with a panic attack?
Published	03/28/2025	Define generalized anxiety disorder
Published	03/28/2025	General anxiety disorder differs from the other anxiety disorders because
Published	03/28/2025	S/S Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Published	03/28/2025	In general, dx of anxiety disorders can be made {{c1::clinically}} but you can also do a {{c1::mental status exam}}. If you suspect a "medical mimic" …
Published	03/28/2025	You can use the {{c1::Fear Survey Schedule (FSS-II)}} to aid in diagnosis of specific phobia.
Published	03/28/2025	You can use either the {{c1::GAD-2 or GAD-7}} screenings to dx generalized anxiety disorder.
Published	03/28/2025	What is the GAD-7 classification/severity ratings?
Published	03/28/2025	1 in {{c1::36}} children in the US has Autism Spectrum Disorder, and globally 1 in {{c1::100}}
Published	03/28/2025	risk factors for developing ASD
Published	03/28/2025	why is the prevalence of ASD higher in the US than it is globally?
Published	03/28/2025	etiology of ASD
Published	03/28/2025	pathology of ASD
Published	03/28/2025	what are the diagnostic criteria for ASD?
Published	03/28/2025	what are the specifications for ASD?
Published	03/28/2025	s/s of ASD
Published	03/28/2025	behavior treatment options for ASD
Published	03/28/2025	pharmaceutical interventions for ASD
Published	03/28/2025	{{c1::7.2%}} of children have ADHD globally while in the US the stastistics are as high as {{c1::10%}}
Published	03/28/2025	what demographics are at increase risk of developing ADHD
Published	03/28/2025	etiology of ADHD
Published	03/28/2025	pathology to ADHD?
Published	03/29/2025	Specific phobia Tx
Published	03/29/2025	Social Anxiety Disorder
Published	03/29/2025	Panic Disorder Tx
Published	03/29/2025	GAD Tx
Published	03/29/2025	OCD is characterized by the presence of {{c1::obsessions}} and {{c1::compulsions}}
Published	03/29/2025	What are obsessions and compulsions?
Published	03/29/2025	What are some other disorders that fall within the OCD category?
Published	03/29/2025	Etiology of OCD (4)
Published	03/29/2025	The pathophysiology of OCD is poorly understood, but some theories center around the interplay of:
Published	03/29/2025	One theory regarding OCD's pathophysiology is that the {{c1::Cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical}} (CSTC) circuit is impacted.
Published	03/29/2025	What is the Cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuit and how does it influence the development of OCD?
Published	03/29/2025	In pts with OCD they attempt to {{c1::ignore or suppress}} such thoughts, urges, or images (obsessions), or to {{c1::neutralize}} them with some other…
Published	03/29/2025	According to the DSM-V, compulsions are {{c1::repetitive}} and are aimed at preventing or reducing {{c1::anxiety/distress}}. These acts may not be con…
Published	03/29/2025	S/S OCD
Published	03/29/2025	You can differentiate between an anxiety disorder vs OCD because anxiety disorders are more focused on {{c1::real-life}} consequences, whereas OCD con…
Published	03/29/2025	What diagnostic screening tool can you use to dx OCD? What is the grading scale?
Published	03/29/2025	Mild to moderate OCD Tx
Published	03/29/2025	Moderate to severe OCD Tx
Published	03/29/2025	Remember that obsessions and/or compulsions should be {{c1::age appropriate}} for those with OCD
Published	03/29/2025	For OCD in children/adolescents which sex is more affected?
Published	03/29/2025	For OCD in adults, which sex is more affected?
Published	03/29/2025	An {{c1::insidious onset}} of OCD is more common than an abrupt presentation. {{c1::Severity}} gradually increases as well as {{c1::frequency}} in act…
Published	03/29/2025	What are some complications of OCD, if left untreated?
Published	03/29/2025	Briefly summarize the definition of mania per the DSM-V.
Published	03/29/2025	What is hypermania and hypomania?
Published	03/29/2025	Pathophysiology/Etiology of Bipolar Disorder (I or II)
Published	03/29/2025	Define/State the S/S of Bipolar I Disorder
Published	03/29/2025	What does the DSM-V state about Dx for BP I?
Published	03/29/2025	Define/State the S/S of Bipolar II Disorder
Published	03/29/2025	What does the DSM-V state about Dx BP II?
Published	03/29/2025	Define/State the S/S of Cyclothymic Disorder
Published	03/29/2025	What does the DSM-V state about Dx Cyclothymic Disorder?
Published	03/29/2025	Cyclothymic disorder typically begins in {{c1::adolescence or early adulthood}} and persists throughout the lifetime. It has a {{c1::15-20%}} cha…
Published	03/29/2025	How much of the population is affeced by Bipolar I or II? What is the mean age of onset?
Published	03/29/2025	Individuals with BP I or II are at {{c1::15x risk for death by suicide}}.
Published	03/29/2025	What are the 1st line pharmacologic tx that can be given to tx mood disorders (BP, Cyclothymic, Disruptive Mood)
Published	03/29/2025	{{c1::Antidepressants}} may induce manic episode and should be avoided as a monotherapy for tx {{c1::mood disorders.}}
Published	03/29/2025	Can BZDs be used to tx mood disorders?
Published	03/29/2025	Define Disruptive Mood Regulation Disorder
Published	03/29/2025	Disruptive Mood Regulation Disorder (DMDD) typically affects
Published	03/29/2025	S/S for DMDD
Published	03/29/2025	S/S of DMDD can change as a child ages. For example, a teenager may have less tantrums but may exhibit more signs of {{c1::anxiety and/or depression.&…
Published	03/29/2025	Tx for DMDD
Published	03/29/2025	what are the two key features of ADHD?
Published	03/29/2025	what are the specifications to ADHD?
Published	03/29/2025	what are some symptoms of ADHD?
Published	03/29/2025	what is the difference between oppositional defiance disorder/conduct disorder versus ADHD?
Published	03/29/2025	ADHD treatment
Published	03/29/2025	what are other reasons and comorbidities associated with ADHD?
Published	03/29/2025	what is oppositional defiant disorder or conductdisorder?
Published	03/29/2025	what is the DSM 5 criteria for ODD
Published	03/29/2025	what is the diagnostic thershold for ODD
Published	03/29/2025	A child who is preschooled age has a temper outburst on most days for 6 months and has also been destroying property during the outbursts. What is the…
Published	03/29/2025	what ddx associated with ODD?
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