Notes in 02 Pediatric chest

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestWhich four pathologies are classically associated with neonatal respiratory distress where the primary abnormality on CXR is a…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn neonatal respiratory distress caused by {{c1::surfactant deficiency disease}}, what is the primary finding on CXR?{{c2…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn neonatal respiratory distress caused by {{c1::transient tachypnia of newborn}}, what is the primary finding on CXR?{{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn neonatal respiratory distress caused by {{c1::Neonatal PNA}}, what is the primary finding on CXR?{{c2::Perhihilar streaky o…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCXR: With {{c2::hazy, granular opacities}} and {{c3::low lung volumes.}}Dx: {{c1::Surfactant Deficiency Disease…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Surfactant Deficiency Disease}} is the most common cause of respiratory distress and death in pre-term infants.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Surfactant Deficiency Disease}} is caused by {{c2::insufficient surfactant (type 2 pneumocytes)}} leading to {{c3::…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestGreater than 95% of cases of surfactant deficiency disease are seen in pre-term infants born before {{c1::34 weeks.}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBabies born to {{c1::diabetic mothers}} or {{c1::C-section}} have increased risk of surfactant deficiency disease.&n…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCXR: {{c2::Hyperinflated lungs}} with many {{c3::small cystic lucencies}} representing {{c4::dissecting air bub…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Pulmonary intersitial emphysema}} is caused by {{c2::barotrauma.}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn neonatal respiratory distress caused by {{c1::pulmonary interstitial emphysema}} what is the primary finding on CXR?{{…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCXR: Shows {{c3::coarse interstitial opacities}} and {{c2::normal to slightly increased}} lung volumes. An endotracheal t…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestChronic Lung Disease of Prematurity usually presents at what time?{{c1::second to third week of life}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestHow to distinguish surfactant deficiency disease from chronic lung disease of prematurity based on imaging?CLD has {{c2::…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Transient tachypnea of the newborn}} is the most common cause of respiratory distress in neoates.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestLack of {{c2::postoglandins}} can cause {{c3::Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn}} due to {{c1::lack of clearance of fetal lun…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestTTN Risk Factors:{{c1::-male sex}}{{c2::-Caesarean delivery (lack of “vaginal squeeze”)}}{{c3::-maternal asthma}}{{c4::-matern…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestSymptoms of TTN usually occur during {{c1::the first 6 hours}}, peak at {{c2::24 hours}} and resolve by {{c3::48–72 hours}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn {{c5::TTN,}} CXR shows findings of: {{c1::pulmonary edema,}}{{c2::fluid in the minor fissure}} {{c3::perihilar interstitial…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestTTN Ddx: {{c1::neonatal PNA}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestTTN treatment: {{c1::No specific treatment.}} However, consider {{c1::antibiotics}} because {{c1::TTN difficult…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestPeripartum meconium aspiration is typically seen in {{c1::term and post-term neonates::patient demographic}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestMeconium is composed of {{c1::desquamated cells}}, {{c2::bile pigments}}, and {{c3::pancreatic enzymes}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestOn CXR, {{c1::TTN}} is characterized by {{c2::bilateral asymmetric areas}} of {{c4::hyperinflation and atelectasis}}, with {{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCXR: {{c2::coarse interstitial opacities}}, ET tube, NG tube, and UV catheter.Dx: {{c1::mecoium aspiration}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe outcome of meconium aspiration syndrome {{c1::variable}}, with much worse prognosis in the presence of a {{c1::pneumothora…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe most common pathogens in neonatal pneumonia are:{{c2::group B streptococcus}}{{c3::S. aureus}}{{c4::E. coli}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn neonatal pneumonia, the infection is not confined to the lung and is thought to represent {{c1::neonatal sepsis}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestWhen differentiating between neonatal PNA and TTN:A history of {{c2::prolonged rupture of membranes}} or {{c2::known maternal …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestRadiographic features of {{c1::neonatal pneumonia}} include:{{c2::low lung volumes}} {{c3::granular opacities}}{{c4::patchy as…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCXR: multiple loops of {{c2::air-filled bowel}} herniated into the {{c3::left thorax}}, producing {{c4::rightward displacement…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCDH represents herniation of abdominal contents into the thorax, most commonly through a {{c1::left posterior defect in the di…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe most common complication of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia is {{c1::ipsilateral pulmonary hypoplasia.}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn congenital diaphragmatic hernia, what finding represents a poopr prognosis? {{c1::Right-sided lesions with liver herni…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe key imaging finding in a congenital diaphragmatic hernia is:{{c1::mass in the thorax displacing the mediastinum}…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestAt birth, a congenital diaphragmatic hernia may be {{c1::fluid-filled}} and appear {{c1::solid}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c2::Congenital lobar hyperinflation}} is a lesion of abnormal lung development {{c1::without::with/without}} associated…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c6::Bronchogenic cyst}} is an {{c2::incidental}}, {{c3::solitary}}, {{c4::unilocular}} and {{c5::fluid filled}} mass {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c2::Congenital pulmonary airway malformation}} was previously called {{c1::congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c3::Bronchopulmonary sequestration}} is composed of {{c2::aberrant}} lung tissue with {{c2::anomalous}} systemic blood …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c2::Scimitar syndrome}} is a form of {{c1::partial anomalous pulmonary venous return}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (AVM)}}, is an anomalous connection between the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCXR: Hyperlucent right lung with scant vascular markings and mediastinal shift to the left. CT: Massively hyperexpanded r…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Congenital lobar hyperinflation}} is a syndrome of {{c3::lobar air trapping}} caused by {{c4::intrinsic or ext…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe most common cause of congential lobar hyperinflation is {{c1::bronchomalacia}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn Congenital lobar hyperinflation (CLH) perform {{c1::CT}} to evaluate for {{c2::a cause of bronchial obs…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCLH usually involves the {{c1::upper and middle lobes::anatomic region}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn the pre-natal period, congenital lobar hyperinflation is initially {{c1::fluid-filled}} and appears as an {{c1::echogenic m…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn the post-natal period, congenital lobar hyperinflation appears as a {{c1::hyperlucent/hyperexpanded lobe}}. This can {{c2::…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIt is essential not to mistake {{c3::congenital lobar hyperinflation}} for a {{c1::tension pneumothorax}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestRed Arrow: Globular, well-defined opacity representing a {{c2::mucocele}} Yellow Arrow: {{c3::Hyperlucency}} of…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Bronchial atresia}} is an interruption of lobar, segmental, or subsegmental bronchus with a resultant blind-ended bronch…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn bronchial atresia, the {{c1::left upper lobe::anatomic region}} is most commonly affected.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchial atresia is most commonly diagnosed in {{c1::adults::patient population}} as an {{c2::incidental finding::i…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchial atresia may be related to {{c1::congenital lobar hyperinflation}} in eitiology.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchial atresia may form a {{c1::mucocele ("finger in glove")}} due to the atretic section of bronchus unable to {…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchial atresia results in hyperinflation due to {{c1::air trapping}}. Distal airways develop {{c2::collateral air…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestOn imaging, bronchial atresia will demonstrate {{c1::hyperlucent lung with air trapping}}. A {{c2::mucous plug}} may…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestApproximately {{c1::60%::quantity}} of cases of pulmonary AVM are associated with {{c2::hereditary hemorrhagic telan…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestPatients with an AVM may present with {{c1::cyanosis}}{{c2::clubbing}}{{c3::dyspnea}}{{c4::hemoptysis}}{{c5::polycythemia…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestWith AVMs, there is an association with {{c1::Glenn-shunting}} prior to the completion of the {{c2::Fontan circulation}} due t…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestYellow Arrows: {{c2::Large, multicystic mass}} in the right upper lung with {{c2f::both small and large cysts}}, representing …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM)}} is a {{c2::hamartomatous}} proliferation of {{c3::terminalbronchi…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe arterial supply of congenital pulmonary airway malformation arises from the {{c1::pulmonary circulation}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe classification of Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation is {{c1::The Stocker Classification}}. It is classified by…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe prognosis of congenital pulmonary aiway malformation depends on {{c1::size of lesion > Stocker classification}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestType I Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation: {{c1::one or more large cysts >2cm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestType II Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation: {{c1::multiple thin walled cysts}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestType II Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation can be associated with {{c1::renal agenesis}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestType III Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation: {{c1::Solid-appearing lesion with innumerable tiny cysts (<5cm)}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestType IV Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation: {{c1::single large cyst}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestType IV Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation may be indistinguishable from {{c1::systic pleuropulmonary blastoma}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCongenital pulmonary airway malformation may cause {{c1::mass effect → infection}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestTypically recommended treatment for congenital pulmonary airway malformation: {{c1::surgery}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestAxial CT: arrow shows a left lower lobe {{c2::soft tissue mass}} abutting the aorta. Thoracic Aortagram: Demonstrates a l…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe vascular supply from bronchopulmonary sequestration is {{c1::systemic blood supply}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe vascular supply from bronchopulmonary sequestration is systemic, and it typically arises from the {{c1::thoracic aort…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe key imaging finding for bronchopulmonary sequestration is {{c2::a systemic feeding artery}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe feeding artery in bronchopulmonary sequestration can be seen by {{c1::doppler}} {{c2::prenatally::prenatally/pos…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe feeding artery in bronchopulmonary sequestration can be seen by {{c1::CTA, MRA}} {{c2::postnatally::prenatally/p…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe most common location for bronchopulmonary sequestration is {{c1::L lower lobe}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchopulmonary sequestration typically appears {{c1::solid}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestWhat are the two types of bronchopulmonary sequestration?{{c1::Intralobar, extralobar}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestWhat modality usually can distinguish the types of bronchopulmonary sequestration?{{c1::CT, MR}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Intralobar}} bronchopulmonary sequestration is usually located {{c2::inside the pleura}}, and typically drains with…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Extralobar}} bronchopulmonary sequestration is usually located {{c2::external to the pleura}}, and typically drains…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Intralobar}} bronchopulmonary sequestration usually occurs in {{c2::adolescence/adulthood}} and presents with …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Extralobar}} bronchopulmonary sequestration usually occurs in {{c2::infancy}} and presents with {{c3::respirat…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestExtralobar sequestration is typically associated with {{c1::developmental abnormalities }}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Intralobar}} sequestration will occur {{c2::above the diaphragm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Extralobar}} sequestration will occur {{c2::below the diaphragm}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestExtralobar bronchopulmonary sequestration may mimic an {{c1::adrenal mass}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIntralobar bronchopulmonary sequestration will occur most commonly in {{c1::the left lower lobe}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCXR: Curvilinear opacity extending from the right hilum to the diaphragm, representing the {{c2::scimitar sign}}.CT: Shows the…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Scimitar syndrome}} represents {{c2::partial anomalous pulmonary venous return}} from {{c3::right lower lobe p…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestOn CXR of scimitar sydrome, the {{c1::anomalous vein}} appears as a turkish sword.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestScimitar syndrome can be associated with {{c1::hypoplasia/hyperlucency of the R lung::imaging finding}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCXR: demonstrates bilateral {{c2::hyperexpanded lungs}} with increased {{c3::perihilar markings}} and {{c4::peribronchial cuff…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchiolitis is most commonly caused by {{c1::respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). }}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchiolitis is most commonly seen in {{c1::children under 5 years::demographic}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe leading cause of infant hospitalization in the US is {{c1::bronchiolitis}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe hallmark of bronchiolitis is {{c1::small airway obstruction}} which is caused by {{c2::necrotic debris}} from&nb…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn a child, bronchiolitis presents with {{c1::increased work of breathing}} and {{c1::wheezing}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestRadiographic features of bronchiolitis include: {{c1::hyperexpanded lungs (best seen as flattening of the diaphragms on t…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestWhen considering bronchiolitis, it is important to exclude {{c1::bacterial pneumonia}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Round pneumonia}} is most often caused by {{c2::S. pneumoniae}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCT: Shows {{c2::mosiac perfusion}} with geographic regions of {{c3::ground glass attenuation}}. Dx: {{c1::bronchioli…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the final common pathway of {{c1::small airway::anatomic location}} obstruction by …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c2::Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS)}} is one of the most clinically important complications of pediatric allogeneic …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, chest radiographs are {{c1::usually normal}} or may show {{c1::mild hyperinflation.}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, CT may demonstrate:-{{c1::air trapping on expiratory views}}-{{c2::mosaic perfusion}}-{{…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Swyer-James-MacLeod syndrome}} is an an acquired complication in up to 1/3rd of young patients with {{c2::post-infe…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestSwyer-James-MacLeod syndrome leads to a {{c1::unilateral hyperlucent lung}} with {{c1::volume loss}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe key radiographic feature in Swyer-James-MacLeod syndrome leads to a {{c1::unilateral hyperlucent lung}} with {{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestSwyer-James-MacLeod syndrome is ONLY seen after {{c1::bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome}} and NOT after {{c2::viral …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestSwyer-James-MacLeod syndrome is classically triggered by {{c1::adenovirus infection}} or {{c2::mycoplasma pneumoniae…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP)}} is a disorder of the {{c2::distal airways::anatomic location}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe underlying histologic changes of COP are referred to as {{c1::organizing pneumonia (OP)}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCOP is the clinical syndrome of {{c1::OP of unknown cause}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestOP may also be a complication of {{c2::stem cell transplant::therapy}}, but {{c1::much less::more/less}} commonly than BO…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestYellow Arrow: Relative enlargement of numerous subsegmental bronchia with associated {{c2::bronchial wall thickening}}Dx:…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Bronchiectasis}} is {{c2::bronchial dilation}} most commonly due to {{c3::inflammation}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestBronchiectasis can have a number of causes:-{{c1::Cystic Fibrosis}}-{{c2::Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis}}-{{c3::Post…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe {{c1::signet ring sign}} describes enlargement of the {{c2::bronchiole}}, which appears larger than th…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestWhat is this? {{c1::Signet ring sign}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe two most important diagnoses for a hyperlucent lung are {{c1::endobronchial foreign body}} and {{c1::PTX}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn a unilateral hyperlucent lung, if you see:Acute shortness of breath with persistent expansion of dependent lung on decubito…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn a unilateral hyperlucent lung, if you see:Acute shortness of breath with a pleural line, think:{{c1::PTX}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn a unilateral hyperlucent lung, if you see:Prior history of bronchiolitis obliterans, think:{{c1::Swyer-James-McLeod}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn a unilateral hyperlucent lung, if you see:Primarily upper and middle lobe involvement, think:{{c1::Congenital lobar hyperin…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn a unilateral hyperlucent lung, if you see:History of recurrent infections, think:{{c1::Congenital pulmonary airway malforma…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn a unilateral hyperlucent lung, if you see:Abnormality of the chest wall on the physical exam/lateral radiograph, history of…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Poland syndrome}} is {{c4::uni::uni/bi}}-lateral {{c5::congenital absence}} of the {{c3::pectoralis major}} mu…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn Poland syndrome, what additional MSK abnormalities may be present?{{c1::Short metacarpals}} and {{c1::syndactyly (joined fi…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestNormal thymus can appear large in children up to {{c1::5}} years of age and is sometimes mistaken as an {{c2::anterior me…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestNormal thymus imaging characteristics:-{{c1::triangular::shape}} -{{c2::undulating margins::margin}} located along {{c2::anter…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Thymic rebound}}, which is {{c2::physiologic regrowth}} of the thymus after {{c4::chemotherapy}}, can be {{c3:…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestAnterior Mediastinal Mass, Brief Ddx-{{c1::normal thymus}}-{{c2::thymic rebound}}-{{c3::lymphoma}}-{{c4::germ cell tumor}}-{{c…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestMiddle Mediastinum, Brief Ddx-{{c1::Foregut duplycation cyst}}-{{c2::neurenteric cysts}}-{{c3::lyphadenopathy, ie from lymphom…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestPosterior Mediastinum, Brief Ddx-{{c1::neuroblastoma (most common <2 years of age)}}-{{c2::ganglioneuroblastoma}}-{{c3::gan…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestYellow Arrow: Elevation of both {{c2::thymic lobes}}Dx: {{c1::Pneumomediastinum}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestThe {{c1::spinnaker sail sign}} is seen in {{c2::pneumomediastinum}} and represents the {{c3::thymus lifted off the media…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestEndotracheal tube (ETT) positioning should be {{c1::intrathoracic}}. The {{c2::flexion/extension of the neck}} is signifi…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestUmbilical venous catheter (UVC) pathway:{{c2::umbilical vein}} → {{c3::left portal vein}} → {{c3::ductus venosus}} → {{c4…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestUVC positioned within the {{c2::portal vein}} can cause {{c1::portal vein thrombosis}} and {{c2::potential liver infarct}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestUmbilical artery catheter (UAC) pathway:{{c1::umbilical artery}} → {{c2::internal iliac artery}} → {{c3::common iliac artery a…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestAn upper extremity percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC)  should terminate in the {{c1::distal SVC}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestExtracorporeal membrane exchange (ECMO) devices have two categories:{{c1::Venoarterial (VA):}}{{c1::Venovenous (VV):}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn {{c1::Venoarterial (VA)}} ecmo: {{c2::right internal jugular}} and {{c2::right common carotid arteries}} are usually cannul…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestA feared complication of {{c1::VA catheterization}} is {{c2::backing out of the cannula}}, during which the child can exs…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestIn {{c1::Venovenous (VV)}} ecmo: {{c2::single right internal jugular catheter}} terminates in the {{c3::right atrium}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestYellow Arrow: {{c1::umbilical venous catheter::device}} which courses upward in the right hem;iabdomen to terminate at th…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestShortly after birth, in a congenital diaphragmatic hernia {{c2::air fills the bowel}} to create its classic imaging appea…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestTreating with a {{c2::chest tube}} in {{c1::congential lobar hyperinflation}} will lead to {{c3::respiratory distress}}
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestNeonatal pneumonia occurs over the course of {{c1::days}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestA lower extremity percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC)  should terminate in the {{c1::IVC just …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Bronchomalacia}} can result in airway collapse on {{c2::expiration}}, leading to {{c2::hyperinflation}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: Chest{{c1::Bacterial pneumonia}} features {{c2::focal airspace consolidation with air bronchograms}} and {{c3::pleural effusions}}.…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCongenital lobar hyperinflation presents {{c5::without::with/without}} destruction of lung parenchyma.
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCongenital pulmonary airway malformation's (CPAM) {{c1::communicate::communicates/does not communicate}} with the bronchi…
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestCryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) is characterized by filling of the {{c1::bronchioles and alveoli}} with …
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestPoland syndrome is an {{c1::autosomal recessive::inheritance pattern}} syndrome
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestPulmonary arteriovenous malformation's (AVM) {{c1::do not::do/do not}} cause abnormal lung development
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestRound pneumonia is most often seen in children {{c1::<8}} years of age
Published	05/01/2023	Pediatric Imaging: ChestRound pneumonia is typically seen as a {{c1::round pulmonary opacity}} with {{c1::well-defined margins}} which mimic…
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