Notes in LE024 Platelet Disorders

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Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Thrombocytopenias}} are disorders of platelet number
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Thrombasthenias}} are disorders of platelet function
Published	10/08/2024	Platelets are {{c1::anuclear}} structures in the blood that are composed of {{c1::dense granules}} and {{c1::alpha granules}}
Published	10/08/2024	Alpha granuales are full of {{c1::proteins involved in clotting}}
Published	10/08/2024	Dense granuales are composed of {{c1::chemicals}}
Published	10/08/2024	What are the steps involved in primary and secondary homeostasis?
Published	10/08/2024	What are some of the primary and secondary hemostatic defects?
Published	10/08/2024	What is immune thrombocytopenia?
Published	10/08/2024	What are the clinical markers of Thrombocytopenia and common treatment approaches?
Published	10/08/2024	Pseudothrombocytopenia is an {{c2::in-vitro phenomenon}} of no clinical significance that ocurs in the prescence of {{c1::EDTA}}
Published	10/08/2024	What is the mechanism of pseudothrombocytopenia?
Published	10/08/2024	How is Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) diagnosed?
Published	10/08/2024	Describe the pathophysiology of ITP (4)
Published	10/08/2024	Why is H. pylori a good model for ITP?
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::80%}} of ITP in adults is primary, {{c1::20%}} is secondary
Published	10/08/2024	What are the common treatment methods for ITP?
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Drug-induced thrombocytopenia}} occurs only in the presence of the drug and will reccur as long as drug exposure continues.
Published	10/08/2024	What are some of the common mechanisms of drug-induced ITP (DITP)?
Published	10/08/2024
Published	10/08/2024	The defining clinical symptom of DITP is {{c1::severe thrombocytopenia 5-10 days after drug exposure}}
Published	10/08/2024
Published	10/08/2024	The treatment method for DITP is to {{c1::stop the offending drug}}
Published	10/08/2024	Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) causes {{c1::thrombocytopenia}} and {{c1::thrombosis}}
Published	10/08/2024	What are the three unique features of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)}} is characterized by:thrombocytopeniathrombosis (arterial, venous)biologically active PF4-heparin antibo…
Published	10/08/2024	Feature of HIT arise 5-10 days after exposure to {{c1::unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin}}
Published	10/08/2024	Platelets in HIT are {{c1::super-activated}}
Published	10/08/2024	Testing for HIT{{c1::serotonin release assay}} - confirmatory{{c2::PF4/heparin enzyme-immunoassay}} - screening
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Serotonin release assay (SRA)}} is the confirmatory test and PF4/Heparin {{c1::enzyme-immunoassay (EIA)}} is the screening test for HIT
Published	10/08/2024	The {{c1::4 T Score}} test increases the positive predictive score for testing {{c1::HIT}}, which is very rare (<0.5% of ICU patients)
Published	10/08/2024	What are examples of inherited platelet function disorders? (4)
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Bernard-Soulier Syndrome (BSS)}}Presentation: moderate thrombocytopenia, giant plateletsPlatelet aggregometry: impaired ristocetinGenetics: auto…
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia (GT)}}Presentation: normal platelet morphologyPlatelet aggregometry: impaired ADP & epinephrine responseGenetics:…
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Aspirin-like platelet defects}}Presentation:Platelet aggregometry: impaired platelet response to arachidonic acid and ADPGenetics: defect in cyc…
Published	10/08/2024	How is suspected HIT managed?
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome}}Presentation: oculocutaneous albinism, pulmonary fibrosis, colitis, renal impairmentElectron microscopy: absence of p…
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Chediak Higashi Syndrome}}Presentation: defective neutrophil function, anemia, partial albinism, immunodeficiency, “Dohle bodies” in neutrophils…
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Gray Platelet Syndrome}}Presentation: marrow fibrosis, bland-appearing “gray” platelets (sometimes large)Electron microscopy: absence of platele…
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Pseudothrombocytopenia}}Presentation: NOT A REAL DISEASEIn-vitro, platelets clump and appear fewerMechanism: Caused by EDTA (anticoagulant)…
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)}}Presentation: isolated thrombocytopenia, no other identifiable cause, large platelets on blood spearcan be drug i…
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)}}Presentation: 5-10 days after heparin exposure: thrombocytopenia, arterial/venous thrombosis, PF4-hepari…
Published	10/08/2024	{{c2::Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (VITT)}} is clinically similar to HIT and arises about 6-8 weeks after vaccination with {{c1…
Published	10/08/2024	Describe the platelet aggregometry assay
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