Notes in Head and neck

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Published	02/18/2024	A fit 65 year old man presents with a biopsy proven Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the left retromolar trigone.   a. What specific feature…
Published	02/18/2024	The patient is clinically staged as having a 18mm primary lesion of the retromolar trigone with no nodal involvement (T1N0M0).   b. What is …
Published	02/18/2024	A fit 65 year old man presents with a biopsy proven Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the left retromolar trigone.  The patient is clinically…
Published	02/18/2024	What are the indications for adjuvant radiation therapy in an early stage, node negative oral cavity cancer? (2)
Published	02/18/2024	a. A 45 year old male patient having presented with throat discomfort is found to have a swelling at the right base of tongue. Biopsy shows the presen…
Published	02/18/2024	A 45 year old male patient having presented with throat discomfort is found to have a swelling at the right base of tongue. Biopsy shows the presence …
Published	02/18/2024	Briefly describe the key molecular steps by which HPV 16 leads to tumour oncogenesis. (2)
Published	02/18/2024	c. In regards to HPV +ve and HPV –ve mucosal head and neck cancers, compare and contrast the following, using a table: (5)  ·   &n…
Published	02/18/2024	List the key factors which stratify for prognosis following chemo radiation therapy in oropharyngeal SCC. (1)
Published	02/18/2024	A patient presents with a 4x3cm left sided Level 2 lymph node. Biopsy confirms squamous cell carcinoma.  a. What further information do you requi…
Published	02/18/2024	The patient has a 4cm left tonsillar SCC extending to the midline on the soft palate. A decision is made to treat with radical cisplatin based chemo-r…
Published	02/18/2024	The patient has a 4cm left tonsillar SCC extending to the midline on the soft palate. A decision is made to treat with radical cisplatin based chemo-r…
Published	02/18/2024	The patient has a 4cm left tonsillar SCC extending to the midline on the soft palate. A decision is made to treat with radical cisplatin based chemo-r…
Published	02/18/2024	Patients undergoing chemo-radiation for head and neck cancer often experience significant difficulty with swallowing.    a) What factors con…
Published	02/18/2024	With regards to H&N CRT - Enteral feeding tubes may be used prior to the commencement of treatment or, alternatively, when the patient experiences…
Published	02/18/2024	Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) tubes and nasogastric tubes in the setting of head an…
Published	02/18/2024	A 60 year old man has a macroscopic endoscopic resection of a well differentiated SCC of the upper right nasal cavity.   a. How would you fu…
Published	02/18/2024	A 60 year old man has a macroscopic endoscopic resection of a well differentiated SCC of the upper right nasal cavity. The tumour is 18mm and has…
Published	02/18/2024	18mm T1N0 nasal cavity SCC - post op radiotherapy. Three weeks into treatment the patient requires a two-week treatment break due to unrelated il…
Published	02/18/2024	18mm T1N0 Nasal SCC treated with surgical resection - post op radiotherapy Four years later the patients re-presents with a local recurrence limi…
Published	02/18/2024	With regards to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the larynx. Define the following entities and describe their clinical significance: (5 - subparts gi…
Published	02/18/2024	With regards to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the larynx. Define the following entities and describe their clinical significance: (5 - subparts gi…
Published	02/18/2024	With regards to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the larynx. Define the following entities and describe their clinical significance: (5 - parts provi…
Published	02/18/2024	With regards to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the larynx. Define the following entities and describe their clinical significance: (5 - subparts gi…
Published	02/18/2024	With regards to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the larynx. Define the following entities and describe their clinical significance: (5 - subparts gi…
Published	02/18/2024	What are the mechanisms for synchronous or secondary primary cancers in the same aerodigestive tract? (2)
Published	02/18/2024	A patient with locally advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma is successfully treated with definitive concurrent chemo-radiation therapy. At a…
Published	02/18/2024	What are the important components of the follow-up care of a survivor of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma treated with definitive concurrent ch…
Published	02/18/2024	What strategies can be employed to ensure follow-up care of cancer survivors is well co-ordinated? (2)
Published	02/18/2024	A 50 year old man presents with a submandibular mass. A CT neck scan confirms a 5cm submandibular salivary gland mass with no lymph node enlargement. …
Published	02/18/2024	50yo M with submandibular adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Published	02/18/2024	50yo M with submandibular mass undergoes a resection of the mass. Histology confirms a 5 cm adenoid cystic carcinoma with positive deep margins. …
Published	02/18/2024	Regarding salivary gland cancers - Under what circumstances would you consider definitive radiation therapy? (2)
Published	02/18/2024	In a patient with very poor dental health - what are the potential consequences following radiation therapy traetment and what can be done to minimise…
Published	02/18/2024	A fit 60-year-old male is diagnosed with a locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the glottic larynx with bilateral cervical lymph nodes. There i…
Published	02/18/2024	List the factors which increase the risk of stomal recurrence in patients receiving post-operative radiotherapy after total laryngectomy for laryngeal…
Published	02/18/2024	ist the factors which increase the risk of laryngeal necrosis with definitive radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for larynx cancer. (2 marks)
Published	02/18/2024	What are the important components of the follow-up care of a survivor of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma treated with definitive concurrent ch…
Published	02/18/2024	What strategies can be employed to ensure follow-up care of cancer survivors is well co-ordinated? (2)
Published	02/18/2024	A 50 year old man presents with a submandibular mass. A CT neck scan confirms a 5cm submandibular salivary gland mass with no lymph node enlargement. …
Published	02/18/2024	The patient undergoes a resection of the mass. Histology confirms a 5 cm adenoid cystic carcinoma with positive deep margins. Perineural invasion is s…
Published	02/18/2024	A 50 year old man presents with nasal obstruction and rhinorrhoea. Clinical examination and imaging demonstrate a mass lesion of the right ethmoid sin…
Published	02/18/2024	A biopsy is performed and shows small round blue cells. What Immunohistochemical (IHC) profiles would help establish the final diagnosis? (2)
Published	02/18/2024	A diagnosis of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is made. What is the natural history of this condition? (1.5)
Published	02/18/2024	Regarding Adenoid cystic carcinoma. Outline the: (3)   i Natural History.  ii Histological Features.
Published	02/18/2024	Regarding inverted sinonasal papilloma. Outline the: (1.5)   i Epidemiology  ii Natural History
Published	02/18/2024	Discuss the role of systemic therapy with radiation therapy in locally advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Your answer should include:&nbs…
Published	02/18/2024	Optimal timing of treatment and agents used on definitive CRT for HNSCC
Published	02/18/2024	What are the current issues with traetmnet approaches in CRT for HNSCC
Published	02/18/2024	Discuss the pros and cons of fine needle aspiration in the diagnosis of epithelial parotid neoplasms and how it can guide surgical management. (2 mark…
Published	02/18/2024	b. With regards to the following primary parotid neoplasms, compare and contrast their relative frequency, biological behaviour and how that behaviour…
Published	02/18/2024	c. The presence of perineural spread is recorded as part of structured pathology reporting for salivary gland malignancies.   i. List the sp…
Published	02/18/2024	ii. Apart from perineural spread, list the other adverse pathological features that can imply an increased risk of locoregional recurrence in salivary…
Published	02/18/2024	List the factors which increase the risk of laryngeal necrosis with definitive radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for larynx cancer. (2marks)
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