Notes in MRCS::Anatomy

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	04/23/2024	Abdominal AortaOrigin: {{c1::T12}}Termination: {{c1::L4}}Posterior Relations: {{c1::L1-L4 Vertebral bodies}}Anterior Relations: {{c1::Lesser omentum, …
Published	04/23/2024	Abdominal Aortic BranchesInferior PhrenicLevel: {{c1::T12 (Upper border)}}Paired: {{c1::Yes}}Type: {{c1::Parietal}}CoeliacLevel: {{c1::T12}}Paired: {{…
Published	04/23/2024	Abdominal Aortic Branches List:{{c1::Inferior Phrenic, Coeliac, Superior Mesenteric, Middle Suprarenal, Renal, Gonadal, Lumbar, Inferior Mesenteric, M…
Published	04/23/2024	Abdominal Incisions Midline Incision{{c1::Commonest}} approach to the abdomenStructures divided: {{c1::linea alba, transversalis fascia, extraper…
Published	04/23/2024	Abdominal WallThe 2 main muscles of the abdominal wall are the {{c1::rectus abdominis}} (anterior) and the {{c1::quadratus lumborum}} (posterior). The…
Published	04/23/2024	Abductor Pollicis BrevisOrigin: {{c1::Fleshy fibres from the flexor retinaculum, scaphoid and trapezium}}Insertion: {{c1::Via a short tendon into the …
Published	04/23/2024	Accessory NerveThe {{c1::cranial}} root of the accessory nerve arises from the {{c1::caudal two thirds of the nucleus ambiguus}} and the {{c1::caudal …
Published	04/23/2024	Adductor CanalAlso called {{c1::Hunter's or subsartorial canal}}Located immediately distal to the apex of the {{c1::femoral triangle}}, lying in the {…
Published	04/23/2024	Adductor LongusOrigin: {{c1::Anterior body of pubis}}Insertion: {{c1::Middle third of linea aspera}}Action: {{c1::Adducts and flexes the thigh}}, {{c1…
Published	04/23/2024	Adductor PollicisOrigin:Transverse head: {{c1::Longitudinal ridge of the third metacarpal}}Oblique head: {{c1::Tendon sheath of flexor carpi radialis,…
Published	04/23/2024	Adrenal Gland AnatomyLocation: {{c1::Superomedially to the upper pole of each kidney}}Relationships of the Right Adrenal:Posteriorly: {{c1::Diaphragm}…
Published	04/23/2024	Adrenal Gland EmbryologyDetection and Origin: The adrenal cortex is first detected at {{c1::6 weeks' gestation}}, derived from the {{c1::mesoderm of t…
Published	04/23/2024	Anal SphincterInternal Anal Sphincter:Composed of: {{c1::smooth muscle continuous with the circular muscle of the rectum}}.Location: Surrounds the {{c…
Published	04/23/2024	Anatomical SnuffboxPosterior Border: {{c1::Tendon of extensor pollicis longus}}Anterior Border: {{c1::Tendons of extensor pollicis brevis and abductor…
Published	04/23/2024	Forearm MusclesFlexor Carpi RadialisOrigin: {{c1::Common flexor origin and surrounding fascia}}Insertion: {{c1::Front of bases of second and third met…
Published	04/23/2024	Anatomy of the HandBones:Carpal Bones: {{c1::8}}Metacarpals: {{c1::5}}Phalanges: {{c1::14}}Intrinsic Muscles:Interossei: {{c1::8}}, Supplied by {{c1::…
Published	04/23/2024	Fascia and Compartments of the PalmThe fascia of the palm is continuous with the {{c1::antebrachial fascia}} and the fascia of the {{c1::dorsum of the…
Published	04/23/2024	bcb4436b082741229676cffe467248ab-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	8a7481bb55394e2c9683ef1bb25b679f-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	Anatomy of the PelvisThe pelvic girdle is formed by the union of the two {{c1::innominate}} bones:Anteriorly at the {{c1::pubis}}Posteriorly with thei…
Published	04/23/2024	Ankle JointThe ankle joint is a {{c1::synovial joint}} composed of the {{c1::tibia}} and {{c1::fibula}} superiorly, and the {{c1::talus}} inferiorly.L…
Published	04/23/2024	Ankle ReflexThe ankle reflex is elicited by tapping the {{c1::Achilles tendon}} with a tendon hammer. It tests the {{c1::S1}} and {{c1::S2}} nerve roo…
Published	04/23/2024	Ansa CervicalisSuperior Root: Branch of {{c1::C1}} anterolateral to {{c1::carotid sheath}}Inferior Root: Derived from {{c1::C2 and C3}} roots, passes …
Published	04/23/2024	03ee41c2d9954ac882353d898b3a2365-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	Anterior Triangle of the NeckBoundaries:{{c1::Anterior}} border of the {{c1::Sternocleidomastoid}}{{c1::Lower}} border of the {{c1::mandible}}Anterior…
Published	04/23/2024	Veins of the NeckVeins of the neck are categorized as either superficial or deep to the {{c1::deep fascia of the neck}}. Superficial tributaries of th…
Published	04/23/2024	External Carotid ArteryThe external carotid commences immediately {{c1::lateral}} to the {{c1::pharyngeal side wall}}.It ascends and lies {{c1::anteri…
Published	04/23/2024	d5253d8719ec45ca88bdfac873868f01-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	Orbital Foramina and Their Transmitted StructuresSuperior Orbital Fissure:{{c1::Recurrent meningeal artery}} (also termed the {{c1::anastomotic branch…
Published	04/23/2024	Anterior Interosseous NerveThe anterior interosseous nerve (also known as the {{c1::volar interosseous nerve}}) is a branch of the {{c1::median nerve}…
Published	04/23/2024	Anterior Tibial ArteryOrigin: Begins opposite the {{c1::distal border of popliteus}}.Course and Termination: Terminates in front of the {{c1::ankle}},…
Published	04/23/2024	b97cf0a05e774e2f9f2438803737a8c3-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	AppendixLocation: Base of {{c1::caecum}}.Length: Up to {{c1::10cm}} long.Composition: Mainly {{c1::lymphoid tissue}} (Hence {{c1::mesenteric adenitis}…
Published	04/23/2024	AxillaBoundaries of the Axilla:Medially: {{c1::Chest wall}} and {{c1::Serratus anterior}}Laterally: {{c1::Humeral head}}Floor: {{c1::Subscapularis}}An…
Published	04/23/2024	Axillary ArteryExtension: The axillary artery extends from the {{c1::outer}} border of the {{c1::first rib}} to the {{c1::lower}} border of {{c1::tere…
Published	04/23/2024	7ef9e9224fb94ecc9edf046c3f59707a-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	Axillary NerveDescription: Terminal branch of the {{c1::posterior cord of the brachial plexus}}Root Values: {{c1::C5 and C6}}Path: Descends {{c1::post…
Published	04/23/2024	Biceps FemorisThe biceps femoris is one of the {{c1::hamstring}} group of muscles located in the {{c1::posterior upper}} thigh. It has two heads:Long …
Published	04/23/2024	Basilic VeinFunction: The basilic and {{c1::cephalic veins}} both provide the main pathways of {{c1::venous drainage}} for the {{c1::arm and hand}}.Co…
Published	04/23/2024	BladderLocation and Shape: The empty bladder is contained within the {{c1::pelvic cavity}}. It is usually a three-sided {{c1::pyramid}}.Apex and Base:…
Published	04/23/2024	Brachial ArteryDescription: The brachial artery begins at the {{c1::lower}} border of {{c1::teres major}} as a continuation of the {{c1::axillary arte…
Published	04/23/2024	Brachiocephalic ArteryDescription: The brachiocephalic artery is the largest branch of the {{c1::aortic arch}}. From its aortic origin, it ascends {{c…
Published	04/23/2024	c971aaf623dd42218bdaa0e239b79190-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	BreastLocation and Structure: The breast itself lies on a layer of {{c1::pectoral fascia}} and the following muscles:{{c1::Pectoralis major}}{{c1::Ser…
Published	04/23/2024	CaecumLocation:Situated in the {{c1::proximal right colon}} below the {{c1::ileocaecal valve}}{{c1::Intraperitoneal}}Posterior Relations:{{c1::Psoas}}…
Published	04/23/2024	Capitate BoneDescription: This is the largest of the {{c1::carpal bones}}. It is {{c1::centrally}} placed with a {{c1::rounded head}} set into the cav…
Published	04/23/2024	5cec85f048e64e309656d9e9b3f4d677-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	5167134f42c644e98287e115f9ffc6f5-oa-1
Published	04/23/2024	Cavernous SinusLocation: The cavernous sinuses are paired and are situated on the {{c1::body}} of the {{c1::sphenoid bone}}. It runs from the {{c1::su…
Published	04/23/2024	Cephalic VeinPath:Origin: {{c1::Dorsal venous arch}} drains {{c1::laterally}} into the cephalic vein.Course: Crosses the {{c1::anatomical snuffbo…
Published	04/23/2024	Chest DrainsIndications: There are a number of different indications for chest drain insertion. In general terms, large bore chest drains are pre…
Published	04/23/2024	Olfactory NervePotential Injuries: May be injured in {{c1::basal skull fractures}} or involved in {{c1::frontal lobe tumour extension}}.Function Loss:…
Published	04/23/2024	Optic Nerve lesionsVisual Acuity Issues:Problems with visual acuity may result from intraocular disorders.Issues with the blood supply such as {{c1::a…
Published	04/23/2024	Trigeminal NerveGeneral Characteristics: {{c1::Largest}} cranial nerve, exits the brainstem at the {{c1::pons}}.Branches:OphthalmicMaxillaryMandibular…
Published	04/23/2024	Facial NerveOrigin: Emerges from the brainstem between the {{c1::pons}} and {{c1::medulla}}.Functions:Controls {{c1::muscles of facial expression}}.Pr…
Published	04/23/2024	Vestibulo-Cochlear NervePathway: Exits from the {{c1::pons}} and then passes through the {{c1::internal auditory meatus}}.Function: Implicated in {{c1…
Status	Last Update	Fields